Systems and apparatus for measuring a bioactive agent effect

ABSTRACT

Apparatus and systems are described that include physical media related to accepting at least one attribute associated with an individual from a licensed health care provider and/or presenting an output of an artificial sensory experience associated with a request to measure at least one effect of a bioactive agent on the attribute associated with individual.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is related to and claims the benefit of theearliest available effective filing date(s) from the following listedapplication(s) (the “Related Applications”) (e.g., claims earliestavailable priority dates for other than provisional patent applicationsor claims benefits under 35 USC § 119(e) for provisional patentapplications, for any and all parent, grandparent, great-grandparent,etc. applications of the Related Application(s)).

RELATED APPLICATIONS

-   -   For purposes of the USPTO extra-statutory requirements, the        present application constitutes a continuation-in-part of United        States Patent Application entitled COMBINATION TREATMENT        SELECTION METHODS AND SYSTEMS, naming Roderick A. Hyde;        Muriel Y. Ishikawa; Eric C. Leuthardt; Royce A. Levien;        Robert W. Lord; Mark A. Malamud; Elizabeth A. Sweeney; Lowell L.        Wood, Jr.; and Victoria Y. H. Wood as inventors, filed Apr. 24,        2008, application Ser. No. 12/150,122, which is currently        co-pending, or is an application of which a currently co-pending        application is entitled to the benefit of the filing date.    -   For purposes of the USPTO extra-statutory requirements, the        present application constitutes a continuation-in-part of United        States Patent Application entitled COMBINATION TREATMENT        MODIFICATION METHODS AND SYSTEMS, naming RODERICK A. HYDE;        MURIEL Y. ISHIKAWA; ERIC C. LEUTHARDT; ROYCE A. LEVIEN;        ROBERT W. LORD; MARK A. MALAMUD; ELIZABETH A. SWEENEY; LOWELL L.        WOOD, JR.; AND VICTORIA Y. H. WOOD as inventors, filed May 13,        2008, application Ser. No. 12/152,266, which is currently        co-pending, or is an application of which a currently co-pending        application is entitled to the benefit of the filing date.    -   For purposes of the USPTO extra-statutory requirements, the        present application constitutes a continuation-in-part of United        States Patent Application entitled COMBINATION TREATMENT        ALTERATION METHODS AND SYSTEMS, naming RODERICK A. HYDE;        MURIEL Y. ISHIKAWA; ERIC C. LEUTHARDT; ROYCE A. LEVIEN;        ROBERT W. LORD; MARK A. MALAMUD; ELIZABETH A. SWEENEY; LOWELL L.        WOOD, JR.; AND VICTORIA Y. H. WOOD as inventors, filed May 21,        2008, application Ser. No. 12/154,275, which is currently        co-pending, or is an application of which a currently co-pending        application is entitled to the benefit of the filing date.    -   For purposes of the USPTO extra-statutory requirements, the        present application constitutes a continuation-in-part of United        States Patent Application entitled COMBINATION THERAPEUTIC        PRODUCTS AND SYSTEMS, naming RODERICK A. HYDE; MURIEL Y.        ISHIKAWA; ERIC C. LEUTHARDT; ROYCE A. LEVIEN; ROBERT W. LORD;        MARK A. MALAMUD; ELIZABETH A. SWEENEY; LOWELL L. WOOD, JR.; AND        VICTORIA Y. H. WOOD as inventors, filed May 30, 2008,        application Ser. No. 12/156,440, which is currently co-pending,        or is an application of which a currently co-pending application        is entitled to the benefit of the filing date.    -   For purposes of the USPTO extra-statutory requirements, the        present application constitutes a continuation-in-part of United        States Patent Application entitled SIDE EFFECT AMELIORATING        COMBINATION THERAPEUTIC PRODUCTS AND SYSTEMS, naming RODERICK A.        HYDE; MURIEL Y. ISHIKAWA; ERIC C. LEUTHARDT; ROYCE A. LEVIEN;        ROBERT W. LORD; MARK A. MALAMUD; ELIZABETH A. SWEENEY; LOWELL L.        WOOD, JR.; AND VICTORIA Y. H. WOOD as inventors, filed Jun. 5,        2008, application Ser. No. 12/156,949, which is currently        co-pending, or is an application of which a currently co-pending        application is entitled to the benefit of the filing date.    -   For purposes of the USPTO extra-statutory requirements, the        present application constitutes a continuation-in-part of United        States Patent Application entitled COMBINATION TREATMENT        MODIFICATION METHODS AND SYSTEMS, naming RODERICK A. HYDE;        MURIEL Y. ISHIKAWA; ERIC C. LEUTHARDT; ROYCE A. LEVIEN;        ROBERT W. LORD; MARK A. MALAMUD; ELIZABETH A. SWEENEY; LOWELL L.        WOOD, JR.; AND VICTORIA Y. H. WOOD as inventors, filed Jun. 6,        2008, application Ser. No. 12/157,160, which is currently        co-pending, or is an application of which a currently co-pending        application is entitled to the benefit of the filing date.    -   For purposes of the USPTO extra-statutory requirements, the        present application constitutes a continuation-in-part of United        States Patent Application entitled COMBINATION TREATMENT        SELECTION METHODS AND SYSTEMS, naming RODERICK A. HYDE;        MURIEL Y. ISHIKAWA; ERIC C. LEUTHARDT; ROYCE A. LEVIEN;        ROBERT W. LORD; MARK A. MALAMUD; ELIZABETH A. SWEENEY; LOWELL L.        WOOD, JR.; AND VICTORIA Y. H. WOOD as inventors, filed Jun. 13,        2008, application Ser. No. 12/157,922, which is currently        co-pending, or is an application of which a currently co-pending        application is entitled to the benefit of the filing date.    -   For purposes of the USPTO extra-statutory requirements, the        present application constitutes a continuation-in-part of United        States Patent Application entitled COMBINATION TREATMENT        MODIFICATION METHODS AND SYSTEMS, naming RODERICK A. HYDE;        MURIEL Y. ISHIKAWA; ERIC C. LEUTHARDT; ROYCE A. LEVIEN;        ROBERT W. LORD; MARK A. MALAMUD; ELIZABETH A. SWEENEY; LOWELL L.        WOOD, JR.; AND VICTORIA Y. H. WOOD as inventors, filed Jun. 13,        2008, application Ser. No. 12/157,989, which is currently        co-pending, or is an application of which a currently co-pending        application is entitled to the benefit of the filing date.    -   For purposes of the USPTO extra-statutory requirements, the        present application constitutes a continuation-in-part of United        States Patent Application entitled COMBINATION TREATMENT        ALTERATION METHODS AND SYSTEMS, naming RODERICK A. HYDE;        MURIEL Y. ISHIKAWA; ERIC C. LEUTHARDT; ROYCE A. LEVIEN;        ROBERT W. LORD; MARK A. MALAMUD; ELIZABETH A. SWEENEY; LOWELL L.        WOOD, JR.; AND VICTORIA Y. H. WOOD as inventors, filed Jun. 19,        2008, application Ser. No. 12/214,547, which is currently        co-pending, or is an application of which a currently co-pending        application is entitled to the benefit of the filing date.    -   For purposes of the USPTO extra-statutory requirements, the        present application constitutes a continuation-in-part of United        States Patent Application entitled METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR        MONITORING BIOACTIVE AGENT USE, naming RODERICK A. HYDE;        MURIEL Y. ISHIKAWA; ERIC C. LEUTHARDT; ROYCE A. LEVIEN;        ROBERT W. LORD; MARK A. MALAMUD; ELIZABETH A. SWEENEY; LOWELL L.        WOOD, JR.; AND VICTORIA Y. H. WOOD as inventors, filed Jul. 3,        2008, application Ser. No. 12/217,509, which is currently        co-pending, or is an application of which a currently co-pending        application is entitled to the benefit of the filing date.    -   For purposes of the USPTO extra-statutory requirements, the        present application constitutes a continuation-in-part of United        States Patent Application entitled METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR        MONITORING BIOACTIVE AGENT USE, naming RODERICK A. HYDE;        MURIEL Y. ISHIKAWA; ERIC C. LEUTHARDT; ROYCE A. LEVIEN;        ROBERT W. LORD; MARK A. MALAMUD; ELIZABETH A. SWEENEY; LOWELL L.        WOOD, JR.; AND VICTORIA Y. H. WOOD as inventors, filed Jul. 7,        2008, application Ser. No. 12/217,620, which is currently        co-pending, or is an application of which a currently co-pending        application is entitled to the benefit of the filing date.    -   For purposes of the USPTO extra-statutory requirements, the        present application constitutes a continuation-in-part of United        States Patent Application entitled METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR        MONITORING BIOACTIVE AGENT USE, naming RODERICK A. HYDE;        MURIEL Y. ISHIKAWA; ERIC C. LEUTHARDT; ROYCE A. LEVIEN;        ROBERT W. LORD; MARK A. MALAMUD; ELIZABETH A. SWEENEY; LOWELL L.        WOOD, JR.; AND VICTORIA Y. H. WOOD as inventors, filed Jul. 15,        2008, Application Serial Number NOT YET ASSIGNED, which is        currently co-pending, or is an application of which a currently        co-pending application is entitled to the benefit of the filing        date.    -   For purposes of the USPTO extra-statutory requirements, the        present application constitutes a continuation-in-part of United        States Patent Application entitled METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR        MONITORING BIOACTIVE AGENT USE, naming RODERICK A. HYDE;        MURIEL Y. ISHIKAWA; ERIC C. LEUTHARDT; ROYCE A. LEVIEN;        ROBERT W. LORD; MARK A. MALAMUD; ELIZABETH A. SWEENEY; LOWELL L.        WOOD, JR.; AND VICTORIA Y. H. WOOD as inventors, filed Jul. 16,        2008, Application Serial Number NOT YET ASSIGNED, which is        currently co-pending, or is an application of which a currently        co-pending application is entitled to the benefit of the filing        date.

The United States Patent Office (USPTO) has published a notice to theeffect that the USPTO's computer programs require that patent applicantsreference both a serial number and indicate whether an application is acontinuation or continuation-in-part. Stephen G. Kunin, Benefit ofPrior-Filed Application, USPTO Official Gazette Mar. 18, 2003, availableat http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/com/sol/og/2003/week11/patbene.htm.The present Applicant Entity (hereinafter “Applicant”) has providedabove a specific reference to the application(s) from which priority isbeing claimed as recited by statute. Applicant understands that thestatute is unambiguous in its specific reference language and does notrequire either a serial number or any characterization, such as“continuation” or “continuation-in-part,” for claiming priority to U.S.patent applications. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Applicantunderstands that the USPTO's computer programs have certain data entryrequirements, and hence Applicant is designating the present applicationas a continuation-in-part of its parent applications as set forth above,but expressly points out that such designations are not to be construedin any way as any type of commentary and/or admission as to whether ornot the present application contains any new matter in addition to thematter of its parent application(s).

All subject matter of the Related Applications and of any and allparent, grandparent, great-grandparent, etc. applications of the RelatedApplications is incorporated herein by reference to the extent suchsubject matter is not inconsistent herewith.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This description relates to methods and systems for combining medicinewith an artificial sensory experience.

SUMMARY

In one aspect, an apparatus includes but is not limited to one or morephysical media configured to bear a device-detectable implementation ofa method including at least accepting at least one attribute associatedwith an individual from a licensed health care provider; and presentingan output of an artificial sensory experience associated with a requestto measure at least one effect of a bioactive agent on the attributeassociated with individual. In addition to the foregoing, otherapparatus aspects are described in the claims, drawings, and textforming a part of the present disclosure.

In one aspect, an apparatus includes but is not limited to one or morephysical media bearing a device-detectable output indicating anoccurrence of accepting at least one attribute associated with anindividual from a licensed health care provider; and presenting anoutput of an artificial sensory experience associated with a request tomeasure at least one effect of a bioactive agent on the attributeassociated with individual. In addition to the foregoing, otherapparatus aspects are described in the claims, drawings, and textforming a part of the present disclosure.

In one or more various aspects, related systems include but are notlimited to circuitry and/or programming for effecting theherein-referenced apparatus aspects; the circuitry and/or programmingcan be virtually any combination of hardware, software, and/or firmwareconfigured to effect the herein-referenced apparatus aspects dependingupon the design choices of the system designer.

The foregoing is a summary and thus may contain simplifications,generalizations, inclusions, and/or omissions of detail; consequently,those skilled in the art will appreciate that the summary isillustrative only and is NOT intended to be in any way limiting. Otheraspects, features, and advantages of the devices and/or processes and/orother subject matter described herein will become apparent in theteachings set forth herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary environment in which one or moretechnologies may be implemented.

FIG. 2 illustrates an operational flow representing example operationsrelated to selecting a combination of at least one prescriptionmedication and at least one artificial sensory experience.

FIG. 3 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 4 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 5 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 6 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 8 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 9 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 10 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 11 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 12 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 13 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 14 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 15 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 16 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 17 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 18 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 19 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 20 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 21 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 22 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 23 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 24 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 25 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 26 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 27 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 28 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 2.

FIG. 29 illustrates an operational flow representing example operationsrelated to selecting a combination of at least one prescriptionmedication and at least one artificial sensory experience.

FIG. 30 illustrates a computer program product related to selecting acombination of at least one prescription medication and at least oneartificial sensory experience.

FIG. 31 illustrates a system related to selecting a combination of atleast one prescription medication and at least one artificial sensoryexperience.

FIG. 32 illustrates an exemplary environment in which one or moretechnologies may be implemented.

FIG. 33 illustrates an exemplary environment in which one or moretechnologies may be implemented.

FIG. 34 illustrates an operational flow representing example operationsrelated to modifying at least one artificial sensory experience.

FIG. 35 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 33.

FIG. 36 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 33.

FIG. 37 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 33.

FIG. 38 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 33.

FIG. 39 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 33.

FIG. 40 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 33.

FIG. 41 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 33.

FIG. 42 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 33.

FIG. 43 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 33.

FIG. 44 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 33.

FIG. 45 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 33.

FIG. 46 illustrates a computer program product related to selecting acombination of at least one prescription medication and at least oneartificial sensory experience.

FIG. 47 illustrates a system related to selecting a combination of atleast one prescription medication and at least one artificial sensoryexperience.

FIG. 48 illustrates an exemplary environment in which one or moretechnologies may be implemented.

FIG. 49 illustrates an exemplary environment in which one or moretechnologies may be implemented.

FIG. 50 illustrates an exemplary environment in which one or moretechnologies may be implemented.

FIG. 51 illustrates an operational flow representing example operationsrelated to combining an artificial sensory experience and bioactiveagent.

FIG. 52 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 51.

FIG. 53 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 51.

FIG. 54 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 51.

FIG. 55 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 51.

FIG. 56 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 51.

FIG. 57 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 51.

FIG. 58 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 51.

FIG. 59 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 51.

FIG. 60 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 51.

FIG. 61 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 51.

FIG. 62 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the operational flow ofFIG. 51.

FIG. 63 illustrates a computer program product related to selecting acombination of at least one prescription medication and at least oneartificial sensory experience.

FIG. 64 illustrates a system related to selecting a combination of atleast one prescription medication and at least one artificial sensoryexperience.

FIG. 65 illustrates an operational flow representing example operationsrelated to combining an artificial sensory experience and bioactiveagent.

FIG. 66 illustrates a system related to a combination artificial sensoryexperience and bioactive agent.

FIG. 67 illustrates a system related to a combination artificial sensoryexperience and bioactive agent.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following detailed description, reference is made to theaccompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings,similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless contextdictates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments described in thedetailed description, drawings, and claims are not meant to be limiting.Other embodiments may be utilized, and other changes may be made,without departing from the spirit or scope of the subject matterpresented here.

FIG. 1 illustrates a system 100 for accepting at least one attribute ofat least one individual, querying at least one database at least partlybased on the at least one attribute, selecting from the at least onedatabase at least one prescription medication and at least oneartificial sensory experience to address the at least one attribute ofat least one individual, and presenting an indication of the at leastone prescription medication and the at least one artificial sensoryexperience at least partly based on the selecting from the at least onedatabase at least one prescription medication and at least oneartificial sensory experience to address the at least one attribute ofat least one individual. The system 100 may include acceptor module 102,querier module 104, selector module 106, presenter module 108,implementer module 138, and/or modifier module 140. Acceptor module 102may receive attribute 120 from network storage 110, memory device 112,database entry 114, and/or user interface 116. User interface 116 mayreceive information from user 118. User 118 may include health careprovider 136. Querier module 104 may search database 122. Database 122may include medication database 124 and/or artificial sensory experiencedatabase 126. Presenter module 108 may present to health care provider128, output device 130, and/or individual 134. Output device 130 mayinclude mobile device 132. Modifier module 140 may include restrictormodule 142, granter module 144, alterer module 146, adder module 148,deleter module 150, and/or acceptor module 152. System 100 generallyrepresents instrumentality for accepting at least one attribute of atleast one individual, querying at least one database at least partlybased on the at least one attribute, selecting from the at least onedatabase at least one prescription medication and at least oneartificial sensory experience to address the at least one attribute ofat least one individual, and presenting an indication of the at leastone prescription medication and the at least one artificial sensoryexperience at least partly based on the selecting from the at least onedatabase at least one prescription medication and at least oneartificial sensory experience to address the at least one attribute ofat least one individual. The operations of accepting at least oneattribute of at least one individual, querying at least one database atleast partly based on the at least one attribute, selecting from the atleast one database at least one prescription medication and at least oneartificial sensory experience to address the at least one attribute ofat least one individual, and presenting an indication of the at leastone prescription medication and the at least one artificial sensoryexperience at least partly based on the selecting from the at least onedatabase at least one prescription medication and at least oneartificial sensory experience to address the at least one attribute ofat least one individual may be accomplished electronically, such as witha set of interconnected electrical components, an integrated circuit,and/or a computer processor.

FIG. 2 illustrates an operational flow 200 representing exampleoperations related to accepting at least one attribute of at least oneindividual, querying at least one database at least partly based on theat least one attribute, selecting from the at least one database atleast one prescription medication and at least one artificial sensoryexperience to address the at least one attribute of at least oneindividual, and/or presenting an indication of the at least oneprescription medication and the at least one artificial sensoryexperience at least partly based on the selecting from the at least onedatabase at least one prescription medication and at least oneartificial sensory experience to address the at least one attribute ofat least one individual. In FIG. 2 and in following figures that includevarious examples of operational flows, discussion and explanation may beprovided with respect to the above-described examples of FIG. 1, and/orwith respect to other examples and contexts. However, it should beunderstood that the operational flows may be executed in a number ofother environments and contexts, and/or in modified versions of FIG. 1.Also, although the various operational flows are presented in thesequence(s) illustrated, it should be understood that the variousoperations may be performed in other orders than those which areillustrated, or may be performed concurrently.

After a start operation, the operational flow 200 moves to an operation210. Operation 210 depicts accepting at least one attribute of at leastone individual. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 mayaccept at least one attribute of at least one individual. In oneinstance, acceptor module 102 can accept from a user 118 and a userinterface 116 an attribute 120 including an attribute of a personalhealth history associated with an individual named John Smith. In someinstances, acceptor module 102 may include a computer processor.

Then, operation 220 depicts querying at least one database at leastpartly based on the at least one attribute. For example, as shown inFIG. 1, querier module 104 may search at least one database at leastpartly based on the at least one attribute. In one example andcontinuing with the previous example, querier module 104 can search adatabase 122 including a medication database 124 and artificial sensoryexperience database 126 at least partly based on the attribute includingan attribute of a personal health history associated with an individualnamed John Smith. In some instances, querier module 104 may include acomputer processor.

Then, operation 230 depicts selecting from the at least one database atleast one prescription medication and at least one artificial sensoryexperience to address the at least one attribute of at least oneindividual. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, selector module 106 mayselect from the at least one database at least one prescriptionmedication and at least one artificial sensory experience to address theat least one attribute of at least one individual. In one instance andcontinuing with the previous example, selector module 106 can selectfrom a medication database 124 and artificial sensory experiencedatabase 126 a prescription medication and an artificial sensoryexperience for addressing the attribute 120 including an attribute of apersonal health history associated with an individual named John Smith.In some instances, selector module 106 may include a computer processor.

Then, operation 240 depicts presenting an indication of the at least oneprescription medication and the at least one artificial sensoryexperience at least partly based on the selecting from the at least onedatabase at least one prescription medication and at least oneartificial sensory experience to address the at least one attribute ofat least one individual. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, presentermodule 108 may present the at least one prescription medication and theat least one artificial sensory experience at least partly based on thesearching at least one database at least partly based on the at leastone attribute. In one instance and continuing with the previous example,presenter module 108 can present to a medical professional theprescription medication and the artificial sensory experience based onsearching the medication database 124 and artificial sensory experiencedatabase 126 based on the at least one attribute 120 including anattribute of a personal health history associated with an individualnamed John Smith. In some instances, presenter module 108 may include acomputer processor.

FIG. 3 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 3 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 210 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 302.

Operation 302 illustrates accepting at least one physical enhancementgoal associated with the at least one individual. For example, as shownin FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept from a database entry 114 atleast one physical enhancement goal associated with the at least oneindividual. In one instance and continuing with the above example,acceptor module 102 accepts from memory device 112 at least one physicalenhancement goal associated with an individual named John Smith. Aphysical enhancement goal may include a physical state and/or situationan individual may plan to achieve. Some examples of a physicalenhancement goal may include achieving a certain state of relaxation,reaching a certain body mass, maintaining a specific cholesterol level,achieving an athletic performance goal, and/or lowering a blood pressurelevel. In some instances, acceptor module 102 may include a computerprocessor.

FIG. 4 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 210 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 402, an operation 404, and/or anoperation 406.

Operation 402 illustrates accepting at least one physical attributeassociated with the at least one individual. For example, as shown inFIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept from network storage 110 at leastone physical attribute associated with the at least one individual. Inone instance, acceptor module 102 can accept a physical attribute 120associated with a group of twenty individuals including an individualweight for each individual. A physical attribute may include anattribute that may be described and/or detected using senses, that hassubstance and/or a material existence, and/or that may be acted upon byphysical force. Some examples of a physical attribute may include abiochemical measurement such as blood sugar level, a smell, anappearance, a physiological measurement such as blood pressure, and/orskin conductivity. In some instances, acceptor module 102 may include acomputer processor.

Operation 404 illustrates accepting at least one physical symptomassociated with the at least one individual. For example, as shown inFIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept at least one physical symptomassociated with the at least one individual. In one example, acceptormodule 102 can accept from a user 118 and/or user interface 116 aphysical symptom including an indication of influenza such as a feverassociated with an individual named Mark White. A physical symptom mayinclude a manifestation, sign, and/or an indication of the presence of adisease and/or some other bodily disorder and/or abnormality. Someexamples of a physical symptom may include pain, swelling, fever, rash,and/or discoloration. In some instances, acceptor module 102 may includea computer processor.

Operation 406 illustrates accepting at least one of an indication or ameasurement of at least one of pain, hypertension, sweating, dizziness,lightheadedness, abnormal respiration, headache, fatigue, nausea, fever,abnormal heart rhythm, motor weakness, or abnormal heart rate. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept from atleast one of an indication or a measurement of at least one of pain,high blood pressure, sweating, dizziness, lightheadedness, abnormalrespiration, headache, fatigue, nausea, fever, abnormal heart rhythm,motor weakness, or abnormal heart rate. In one example, acceptor module102 can accept an indication of pain and a measurement of high bloodpressure from network storage 110. Pain may include a sensation ofsomatic hurt or disorder and may include acute pain and/or chronic pain.Hypertension may include chronically elevated blood pressure and may beconsidered to be present when a person's systolic blood pressure isconsistently about 140 mm Hg or greater and/or their diastolic bloodpressure is consistently about 90 mm Hg or greater. Sweating may includethe excessive production and/or evaporation of fluid excreted by thesweat glands in the skin. Dizziness may include vertigo, disequilibrium,pre-syncope, and/or other balance disorders. Lightheadedness may includea sensation of dizziness and/or fainting. Abnormal respiration mayinclude atypical and/or pathological breathing patterns. Headache mayinclude pain in the head, neck, and/or upper back and may be a symptomof tension, migraine, dehydration, eye strain, sinus disorders, and/orlow blood sugar. Fatigue may include muscle weakness and/or lack ofstrength. Nausea may include the sensation of unease and/or discomfortin the stomach, often with the urge to vomit. Fever may include anincrease in internal body temperature to levels above normal. Abnormalheart rhythm may include inconsistent and/or irregular rhythmiccontractions in the heart such as sick sinus syndrome, atrialfibrillation, and/or atrial flutter. Motor weakness may include a lackof strength and/or function in the portion of the central nervous systeminvolved in movement. An abnormal heart rate may include an irregularheart contraction frequency such as bradycardia, tachycardia or thelike. In some instances, acceptor module 102 may include a computerprocessor.

FIG. 5 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 5 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 210 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 502, and/or an operation 504.Further, operation 502 illustrates accepting at least one physicalimpairment associated with the at least one individual. For example, asshown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept at least one physicalimpairment associated with the at least one individual from a user 118and a user interface 116. In one instance, acceptor module 102 accepts aphysical impairment including a bodily impairment associated with anindividual named Fred Johnson from a user 118 and/or a user interface116. A physical impairment may include a condition or function judged tobe significantly impaired relative to the usual standard of anindividual of their group and may include physical impairment, sensoryimpairment, and/or disease. In some instances, acceptor module 102 mayinclude a computer processor.

Operation 504 illustrates accepting at least one of a disease, anillness, or a bodily impairment. For example, as shown in FIG. 1,acceptor module 102 may accept at least one of a disease, an illness, ora bodily impairment. In one example, acceptor module 102 accepts anindication of a disease and a bodily impairment from database entry 114.A disease may include an abnormal condition of an organism that impairsbodily functions associated with one or more specific symptoms and signsand may include discomfort, distress, dysfunction, injury, a disorder, asyndrome, infection, and/or other atypical variation associated withstructure and/or function of the body. An illness may include any stateof poor health. Some examples of an illness may include cancer, thecommon cold, influenza, pneumonia, and/or high cholesterol. A bodilyimpairment may include a diminished ability in body function and/orstructure. In some instances, acceptor module 102 may include a computerprocessor.

FIG. 6 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 6 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 210 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 602. Operation 602 illustratesaccepting an impairment associated with at least one individualincluding at least one of a potential medication reaction or a potentialsusceptibility to a side effect. For example, as shown in FIG. 1,acceptor module 102 may accept an impairment associated with at leastone individual including at least one of a potential medication reactionor a potential susceptibility to a side effect. In one example, acceptormodule 102 can accept from network storage 110 an impairment associatedwith at least one individual including at least one of a potentialmedication reaction or a potential susceptibility to a side effect. Apotential medication reaction may include a possible response a personmay exhibit resulting from at least one drug and/or medicationadministered to the person. A potential medication reaction may includean allergy and/or a drug and/or medication interaction with a separatedrug and/or medication. A potential susceptibility to a side effect mayinclude the probability a certain person may be vulnerable to a sideeffect coupled with a specific drug and/or medication. In someinstances, acceptor module 102 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 7 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 7 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 210 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 702, and/or an operation 704.Further, operation 702 illustrates accepting at least one physicaldiagnosis associated with the at least one individual. For example, asshown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept at least one physicaldiagnosis associated with the at least one individual. In a specificexample, acceptor module 102 accepts from memory device 112 a physicaldiagnosis associated with a group of ten individuals. A physicaldiagnosis may include identifying a disease and/or condition by itsoutward signs and/or symptoms. Some examples of a physical diagnosis mayinclude identifying influenza and/or identifying Alzheimer's disease. Insome instances, acceptor module 102 may include a computer processor.

Operation 704 illustrates accepting at least one diagnosis of at leastone of a cardiovascular disorder, a digestive disorder, an endocrinedisorder, a hearing disorder, an immune disorder, an inner ear disorder,an integumentary disorder, a lymphatic disorder, a muscular disorder, anervous system disorder, a reproductive disorder, a respiratorydisorder, a skeletal disorder, a visual disorder, or an urinarydisorder. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 mayaccept at least one diagnosis of at least one of a cardiovasculardisorder, a digestive disorder, an endocrine disorder, an integumentarydisorder, a lymphatic disorder, a muscular disorder, a nervous systemdisorder, a reproductive disorder, a respiratory disorder, a skeletaldisorder, or an urinary disorder. In a specific instance, acceptormodule 102 can accept from user interface 116 and/or user 118 adiagnosis of a respiratory disorder. A cardiovascular disorder mayinclude a disorder associated with the circulatory system including thepumping and channeling of blood to and from the body and lungs with theheart, the blood, and the blood vessels. Examples of a circulatorydisorder include high blood pressure, coronary heart disease,atherosclerosis, or the like. A digestive disorder may include adisorder associated with the esophagus, the stomach, the liver, thegallbladder, the pancreas, the intestines, the rectum, the anus, and/orthe digestive system including digestion and processing food withsalivary glands. Examples of a digestive disorder include GERD, Crohn'sdisease, IBS, stomach ulcers including those associated with H. pyloriinfection, or the like. An endocrine disorder may include a disorderassociated with the endocrine system including the pancreas, thepituitary gland, the pineal body and/or the pineal gland, the thyroid,the parathyroids, the adrenal glands, and/or communication within thebody using hormones made by the endocrine glands, such as thehypothalamus. Examples of an endocrine disorder include diabetes,acromegaly, or the like. A hearing disorder may include a full orpartial decrease in the ability to detect or understand sounds. Someexamples of a hearing disorder may include otosclerosis, deafness, lossdue to death of auditory hair cells, for example that caused by trauma,and/or unilateral hearing loss. An immune disorder may include adysfunction of the immune system. Examples of an immune disorder mayinclude an immunodeficiency, such as malfunctioning lymphocytes;autoimmunity, such as Coeliac disease and/or autoimmune hepatitis;and/or hypersensitivity, such as asthma. An inner ear disorder mayinclude a balance disorder, such as vertigo, disequilibrium, and/orpre-syncope. An integumentary disorder may include a disorder associatedwith the integumentary system including the skin, hair, and/or nails,such as psoriasis, eczema, dermatitis, or the like. A lymphatic disordermay include a disorder associated with the lymphatic system includingstructures involved in the transfer of lymph between tissues and theblood stream and/or the lymph and the nodes and vessels that transportlymph including the immune system, including defending againstdisease-causing agents with leukocytes, and/or including the tonsils,the adenoids, the thymus, and/or the spleen. Examples of a lymphaticdisorder include lymphedema, lymphadenopathy, or the like. A muscledisorder may include a disorder associated with the muscular systemincluding the structure and/or movement of muscles. Examples of a muscledisorder include muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis, an injury, suchas a strain, or the like. A nervous system disorder may include adisorder associated with the nervous system including collecting,transferring, and/or processing information with the brain, the spinalcord, the peripheral nerves, and/or the nerves. Examples of a nervoussystem disorder include multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease,cerebral palsy, Tourette syndrome, carpal tunnel syndrome, or the like.A reproductive disorder may include a disorder associated with thereproductive system including the sex organs, such as ovaries, fallopiantubes, the uterus, the vagina, mammary glands, testes, the vas deferens,seminal vesicles, the prostate, and/or the penis. Examples of areproductive disorder include erectile dysfunction, endometriosis,fibroids, or the like. A respiratory disorder may include a disorderassociated with the respiratory system including the organs used forbreathing, the pharynx, the larynx, the trachea, the bronchi, the lungs,and/or the diaphragm. Examples of a respiratory disorder includeemphysema, asthma, or the like. A skeletal disorder may include adisorder associated with the skeletal system including the structuralsupport and protection with bones, cartilage, ligaments, and/or tendons.Examples of a skeletal disorder include osteoporosis, arthritis,tendonitis, a skeletal injury, such as a bone fracture, or the like. Avisual disorder may include a disease, impairment, and/or lack offunction in the eye and/or in visual perception. Some examples of avisual disorder may include amblyopia, macular degeneration, glaucoma,and/or blindness. A urinary disorder may include a disorder associatedwith the urinary system including the kidneys, the ureters, the bladderand/or urethra involved in fluid balance, electrolyte balance and/or theexcretion of urine. Examples of a urinary disorder include bladderdysfunction, kidney disease, bladder or urethra infection, or the like.In some instances, acceptor module 102 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 8 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 8 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 210 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 802, an operation 804, an operation806, and/or operation 808.

Operation 802 illustrates accepting at least one of a current treatmentor a proposed treatment associated with the at least one individual. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept at least oneof a current treatment or a proposed treatment associated with the atleast one individual. In one instance, acceptor module 102 accepts acurrent treatment regime associated with an individual named CathyHansen. A current treatment may include one or a series of treatmentsrecommended, administered, and/or prescribed for a certain individual. Aproposed treatment may include one or a series of treatmentsrecommended, prescribed, and/or not currently administered to a certainindividual. In some instances, acceptor module 102 may include acomputer processor.

Operation 804 illustrates accepting the at least one attribute from amedical history associated with the at least one individual. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept the at leastone attribute from a medical history associated with the at least oneindividual. In one example, acceptor module 102 may accept from databaseentry 114 an attribute 120 from a medical history including the numberof blood relatives with diabetes associated with an individual namedEmily Smith. A medical history may include a list of previous illnesses,symptoms, medicines, treatments, health risk factors, operations, and/ordoctor visits for an individual and/or a relation of an individual. Insome instances, acceptor module 102 may include a computer processor.

Operation 806 illustrates accepting the at least one attribute from apersonal medical history associated with at least one individual. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept the at leastone attribute from a personal medical history associated with at leastone individual. In a specific instance, acceptor module 102 can acceptfrom database entry 114 an attribute 120 including, for example, a listof operations from a personal medical history associated with anindividual named Robert Murphy. A personal medical history may include alist of previous illnesses, symptoms, medicines, treatments, health riskfactors, operations, and/or doctor visits associated with at least oneindividual. A personal and/or a family medical history may include lifehistory and/or social history characteristics such as smoking, drinking,drug use, sexual history, exercise history, eating history,nutraceutical history, or the like. In some instances, acceptor module102 may include a computer processor.

Operation 808 illustrates accepting the at least one attribute from afamily medical history associated with the at least one individual. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept the at leastone attribute from a family medical history associated with the at leastone individual. In one example, acceptor module 102 can accept fromnetwork storage 110 an attribute 120 including a list of family membersthat have had ovarian cancer from a family medical history associatedwith an anonymous individual or an individual named Elizabeth Green. Afamily medical history may include a list of previous illnesses,symptoms, medicines, treatments, health risk factors, operations, and/ordoctor visits associated with family members related to the at least oneindividual. In some instances, acceptor module 102 may include acomputer processor.

FIG. 9 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 9 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 210 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 902.

Operation 902 illustrates accepting at least one mental enhancement goalassociated with the at least one individual. For example, as shown inFIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept at least one mental enhancementgoal associated with the at least one individual. In one instance,acceptor module 102 can accept a mental enhancement goal associatedwith, for example, an individual named Dorothy Anderson. A mentalenhancement goal may include a mental state and/or situation anindividual may plan to achieve. Some examples of a mental enhancementgoal may include achieving a certain state of mental awareness such asincreased alertness or visual perception, reaching a certain cognitivecapability such as enhanced memory or pattern recognition, maintaining aspecific attention level, and/or reducing or eliminating a phobia. Insome instances, acceptor module 102 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 10 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 10 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 210 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 1002, an operation 1004, and/or anoperation 1006.

Operation 1002 illustrates accepting at least one mental attributeassociated with the at least one individual. For example, as shown inFIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept at least one mental attributeassociated with the at least one individual. In one example, acceptormodule 102 can accept a mental attribute 120 including, for example, anintelligence quotient associated with an individual named Judy Peterson.A mental attribute may include an attribute that may be related toand/or associated with basic mental function and/or high-level brainfunction. Some examples of a mental attribute may include anintelligence quotient (IQ), measurements of brain activity for exampleusing functional MRI or near infra-red technology, and/or measurementsof mental development. In some instances, acceptor module 102 mayinclude a computer processor.

Operation 1004 illustrates accepting at least one mental symptomassociated with the at least one individual. For example, as shown inFIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept at least one mental symptomassociated with the at least one individual. In one example, acceptormodule 102 can accept from network storage 110 a mental symptomincluding a stress level measurement associated with an individual namedHeather Swanson. A mental symptom may include a manifestation, sign,and/or an indication of the presence of a disease and/or some othermental disorder and/or abnormality. Some examples of a mental symptommay include lack of attention, indication of stress, hyperactivity,nervousness, and/or lack of responsiveness. In some instances, acceptormodule 102 may include a computer processor.

Operation 1006 illustrates accepting at least one indication of anxiety,an appearance, a behavior, depression, fear, inattention, a mooddisturbance, a phobia, or a psychological test result. For example, asshown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept at least one indicationof anxiety, appearance, behavior, depression, fear, inattention, mooddisturbance, phobia, or psychological test result. In one example,acceptor module 102 can accept from user interface 116 and user 118 anindication of anxiety and depression. Anxiety may include feelings offear, apprehension, and/or worry and may be accompanied by physicalsensations. An appearance may include an outward, audible, and/orvisible aspect of a person and/or thing associated with a person. Abehavior may include the manner in which a person and/or thingassociated with a person acts and/or reacts. Depression may include amental state characterized by pessimism, a sense of inadequacy,despondence, despair, a low level of energy, and/or a lack of activity.Fear may be caused by impending danger, perceived evil, and/or pain,whether real or imagined. Inattention may include the failure of aperson to focus attention. A mood disturbance may include a change inemotional state. A phobia may include an irrational, and/or persistentfear of certain situations, objects, activities, and/or people. Apsychological test result may include a sample behavior for inferring acertain generalization about a person. For example, a personality testresult may indicate that person has obsessive/compulsivecharacteristics. In some instances, acceptor module 102 may include acomputer processor.

FIG. 11 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 11 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 210 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 1102.

Operation 1102 illustrates accepting at least one measurement associatedwith at least one of brain activity, cardiac activity, vascularactivity, peripheral neural signals, hemodynamic activity, or metabolicactivity. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 mayaccept at least one measurement associated with at least one of brainactivity, cardiac activity, vascular activity, peripheral neuralsignals, hemodynamic activity, or metabolic activity. In one instance,acceptor module 102 can accept from database entry 114 a measurementassociated with brain activity. Brain activity may include theelectrical activity of the brain, such as that measured by EEG, MEG, orthe like. Other brain activity measurements may include functional MRIimaging, near infra-red imaging, PET scanning, or the Like. Cardiacactivity may include electrical activity in the heart, such as thatmeasured by EKG or visual imaging. Vascular activity may include anyactivity and/or function of the circulatory system. Peripheral neuralsignals may include neural signals sent through the peripheral nervoussystem. Hemodynamic activity may include any activity associated withthe circulatory system. Metabolic activity may include any activityassociated with the biochemical reactions occurring in a livingorganism. In some instances, acceptor module 102 may include a computerprocessor.

FIG. 12 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 12 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 210 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 1202, and/or an operation 1204.

Operation 1202 illustrates accepting at least one mental impairmentassociated with at least one individual. For example, as shown in FIG.1, acceptor module 102 may accept at least one mental impairmentassociated with at least one individual. In one example, acceptor module102 can accept from memory device 112 a mental impairment associatedwith an individual named Richard Lewis. A mental impairment may includea condition or function judged by a health care provider to besignificantly impaired relative to the usual standard of an individualof their group, and may include mental impairment, sensory impairment,and/or mental disease. In some instances, acceptor module 102 mayinclude a computer processor.

Operation 1204 illustrates accepting at least one indication of at leastone of a mood disorder, an anxiety disorder, a psychotic disorder, aneating disorder, a developmental disorder, a phobia, a communicationdisorder, a social disorder, or a personality disorder. For example, asshown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept at least one indicationof at least one of a mood disorder, an anxiety disorder, a psychoticdisorder, an eating disorder, a developmental disorder, a phobia, or apersonality disorder. In one instance, acceptor module 102 can acceptfrom user interface 116 and/or user 118 an indication of a mood disorderincluding a mood change and the onset of depression in a specificindividual. A mood disorder may include a condition whereby theprevailing emotional mood is distorted or inappropriate to thecircumstances, and may include examples such as bipolar disorder, analteration in mood, and/or depression. An anxiety disorder may includenervous system disorders such as irrationality, illogical worry notbased on fact, fear, and/or phobia. A psychotic disorder may include astate of mind in which thinking becomes irrational and/or disturbed andmay include hallucinations, abnormal perception, mania, dementia,delusions and/or delusional beliefs, delirium, depression, psychosispersonality disorder, personality changes, and/or disorganized thinking.An eating disorder may include a compulsion to eat and/or avoid eatingthat negatively affects physical and/or mental health. Some examples ofan eating disorder may include anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Adevelopmental disorder may include a disorder occurring in a child'sdevelopment, which may retard development. Some examples of adevelopmental disorder may include an emotional disorder, a cognitivedisorder, and/or a mental disorder accompanied by physical traits, suchas Down syndrome. A phobia may include an irrational, intense, and/orpersistent fear of certain situations, objects, activities, and/orpersons. Examples of phobias include social phobias, arachnophobia,xenophobia, and/or claustrophobia. A communication disorder may includea disease and/or a condition partially or totally preventing humancommunication. Some examples of a communication disorder may includeautism, stuttering, and/or aphasia. A social disorder may include acondition characterized by a difficulty in human interaction and/oremotional discomfort in social situations. Some examples of a socialdisorder may include stage fright, social anxiety disorder, and/orshyness. A personality disorder may include a disorder characterized bypathological trends in personality structure. Some examples of apersonality disorder may include a paranoid personality disorder, anarcissistic personality disorder, and/or an obsessive-compulsivepersonality disorder. In some instances, acceptor module 102 may includea computer processor.

FIG. 13 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 13 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 210 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 1302, and/or an operation 1304.Further, operation 1302 illustrates accepting at least one mentaldiagnosis associated with at least one individual. For example, as shownin FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept at least one mental diagnosisassociated with at least one individual. In a specific instance,acceptor module 102 accepts from memory device 112 a mental diagnosisincluding a phobia associated with an anonymous individual or anindividual named Roy Black. A mental diagnosis may include identifying amental disorder and/or condition by its symptoms. Some examples of amental diagnosis may include a mood disorder such as depression, ananxiety disorder such as PTSD, a behavioral disorder such as ADHD, apersonality disorder such as borderline personality disorder, and/or aphobia. Mental disorders may include those listed in the Diagnostic andStatistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). In some instances,acceptor module 102 may include a computer processor.

Operation 1304 illustrates accepting at least one of a depression, aphobia, an anxiety disorder, a personality disorder, a psychoticdisorder, a developmental disorder, a panic disorder, a bipolardisorder, schizophrenia, an eating disorder, obsessive compulsivedisorder, post traumatic stress disorder, an attentional disorder, acommunication disorder, a social disorder, or a mood disorder. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept at least oneof a depression, a phobia, an anxiety disorder, a personality disorder,a psychotic disorder, a developmental disorder, a panic disorder, or amood disorder. In one example, acceptor module 102 accepts from databaseentry 114 a diagnosis of depression. Depression may include a mentalstate characterized by a pessimistic sense of inadequacy and/or adespondent lack of activity. A phobia may include an irrational,intense, and/or persistent fear of certain situations, objects,activities, and/or persons. Some phobias may include social phobias,arachnophobia, xenophobia, and/or claustrophobia. An anxiety disordermay include nervous system disorders such as irrationality, illogicalworry not based on fact, fears, and/or phobias. A personality disordermay include a disorder characterized by pathological trends inpersonality structure. Some examples of a personality disorder mayinclude a paranoid personality disorder, a narcissistic personalitydisorder, and/or an obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Apsychotic disorder may include a state of mind in which thinking becomesirrational and/or disturbed and may include hallucinations, delusionalbeliefs, personality changes, and/or disorganized thinking. Adevelopmental disorder may include a disorder occurring in a child'sdevelopment, which may often retard development. Some examples of adevelopmental disorder may include psychological or physical disorders.A panic disorder may include a condition characterized by recurringpanic attacks in combination with significant behavioral change. Abipolar disorder may include a mood disorder characterized by thepresence of one or more episodes of abnormally elevated mood, such asBipolar I disorder, Bipolar II disorder, cyclothymia, and/orBipolar-NOS. Schizophrenia may include a mental illness characterized byimpairments in the perception or expression of reality, most commonlymanifesting as auditory hallucinations, paranoid or bizarre delusions ordisorganized speech and thinking in the context of significant social oroccupational dysfunction. An eating disorder may include a compulsion toeat or avoid eating, such as anorexia nervosa and/or bulimia nervosa.Obsessive compulsive disorder may include a psychiatric anxiety disordercharacterized by obsessive, distressing, intrusive thoughts and relatedcompulsions which attempt to neutralize the obsessions. Post traumaticstress disorder may include an anxiety disorder that can develop afterexposure to one or more terrifying events in which grave physical harmoccurred or was threatened. An attentional disorder may include apersistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity, as well asforgetfulness, poor impulse control or impulsivity, and distractibility,such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A communicationdisorder may include a disease and/or a condition partially or totallypreventing human communication. Some examples of a communicationdisorder may include autism, stuttering, and/or aphasia. A socialdisorder may include a condition characterized by a difficulty in humaninteraction and/or emotional discomfort in social situations. Someexamples of a social disorder may include stage fright, social anxietydisorder, and/or shyness. A mood disorder may include a conditionwhereby the prevailing emotional mood is distorted or inappropriate tothe circumstances and may include examples such as bipolar disorderand/or depression. In some instances, acceptor module 102 may include acomputer processor.

FIG. 14 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 14 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 210 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 1402. Further, operation 1402illustrates accepting at least one past mental therapy associated withthe at least one individual. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptormodule 102 may accept at least one past mental therapy associated withthe at least one individual. In one instance, acceptor module 102 canaccept from database entry 114 a past mental therapy associated with anindividual named James Williams or an anonymous individual. A pastmental therapy may include a list and/or a record of at least one mentaltherapy, such as an anti-depressant medication, administered to at leastone individual. In some instances, acceptor module 102 may include acomputer processor.

FIG. 15 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 15 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 210 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 1502, an operation 1504, and/or anoperation 1506.

Operation 1502 illustrates accepting the at least one attributeassociated with the at least one individual from a health care provider.For example, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept the atleast one attribute associated with the at least one individual from ahealth care provider. In one example, acceptor module 102 can acceptfrom user interface 116 and/or user 118 an attribute 120 including amedication history associated with a group of fifty individuals from ahealth care provider 136. A health care provider may include a hospital,a doctor, a nurse, a medical clinic, a dentist, and/or any provider ofpreventive, diagnostic, therapeutic, rehabilitative, maintenance, orpalliative care and/or counseling. A healthcare provider may include aseller and/or dispenser of prescription drugs or medical devices. Insome instances, acceptor module 102 may include a computer processor.

Operation 1504 illustrates accepting the at least one attributeassociated with the at least one individual from a licensed health careprovider. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 mayaccept the at least one attribute associated with the at least oneindividual from a licensed health care provider. In one instance,acceptor module 102 accepts from memory device 112 an attribute 120including a symptom indication a phobia associated with an individualnamed Robert Clark from a licensed health care provider 136. A licensedhealth care provider may include a person licensed by a governingauthority, such as a state, to provide medical and/or health care. Someexamples of a licensed health care provider may include a licensedmedical doctor or physician, a licensed physician's assistant, and/or alicensed nurse practitioner. In some instances, acceptor module 102 mayinclude a computer processor.

Operation 1506 illustrates accepting the at least one attributeassociated with the at least one individual from an alternative medicineprovider. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 mayaccept the at least one attribute associated with the at least oneindividual from an alternative medicine provider. In one instance,acceptor module 102 can accept from network storage 110 an attribute 120associated with an individual named Connie Martin from an alternativemedicine provider. An alternative medicine provider may include aprovider of folk medicine, herbal medicine, diet fads, homeopathy, faithhealing, new age healing, chiropractic, acupuncture, aromatherapy,naturopathy, massage, reflexology, hypnotism, and/or music therapy. Insome instances, acceptor module 102 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 16 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 16 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 220 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 1602.

Operation 1602 illustrates searching at least one prescriptionmedication database and at least one artificial sensory experiencedatabase. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, querier module 104 may searchat least one prescription medication database and at least oneartificial sensory experience database. In one example, querier module104 searches a medication database 124 and an artificial sensoryexperience database 126. A database may include a collection of dataorganized for convenient access. The database may include informationdigitally stored in a memory device 112, as at least a portion of atleast one database entry 114, and/or in network storage 110. In someinstances, the database may include information stored non-digitallysuch as at least a portion of a book, a paper file, and/or anon-computerized index and/or catalog. Non-computerized information maybe received by acceptor module 102 by scanning or by manually enteringthe information into a digital format. A prescription database and/ormedication database may include any database associated with at leastone prescription medication and may be available to health careprofessionals and/or the public. An artificial sensory experiencedatabase may include any database associated with at least oneartificial sensory experience and may include a database accessible bythe public and/or a health care provider. In some instances, acceptormodule 102 and/or querier module 104 may include one or more computerprocessors.

FIG. 17 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 17 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 230 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 1702, and/or an operation 1704.

Operation 1702 illustrates selecting the at least one prescriptionmedication from a physician's desk reference database. For example, asshown in FIG. 1, selector module 106 may select the at least oneprescription medication from a physician's desk reference database. Inone example, selector module 106 selects the at least one prescriptionmedication from a physician's desk reference database 122, such as a PDRpsychiatry database. In some instances, selector module 106 may includea computer processor.

Operation 1704 illustrates selecting at least one of an analgesic, anantacid, an antiarrhythmic, an antibacterial, an antibiotic, ananticoagulant, a thrombolytic, an anticonvulsant, an antidiarrheal, anantiemetic, an antifungal, an anti-allergic agent, an antihistamine, anantihypertensive, an anti-anginal, an anti-asthmatic, ananti-inflammatory, an antineoplastic, an antipyretic, an antiviral, ananti-ulcer agent, an antidyspeptic, an antacid, a beta-blocker, abronchoditator, a cold treatment, a corticosteroid, an antitussive, acytotoxic agent, a decongestant, a diuretic, an expectorant, a hormone,a hypoglycemic, an immunosuppressive, a laxative, a muscle relaxant, asedative, a female sex hormone, a male sex hormone, a tranquilizer, anappetite modulator, or a vitamin. For example, as shown in FIG. 1,selector module 106 may select at least one of an analgesic, an antacid,an antiarrhythmic, an antibacterial, an antibiotic, an anticoagulant, athrombolytic, an anticonvulsant, an antidiarrheal, an antiemetic, anantifungal, an anti-allergic agent, an antihistamine, anantihypertensive, an anti-anginal, an anti-asthmatic, ananti-inflammatory, an antineoplastic, an antipyretic, an antiviral, ananti-ulcer agent, an antidyspeptic, an antacid, a beta-blocker, abronchodilator, a cold treatment, a corticosteroid, a cough suppressant,an antitussive, a cytotoxic agent, a decongestant, a diuretic, anexpectorant, a hormone, a hypoglycemic, an immunosuppressive, alaxative, a muscle relaxant, a sedative, a female sex hormone, a malesex hormone, a tranquilizer, an appetite modulator, or a vitamin. Ananalgesic may include a drug and/or other medication suitable forrelieving pain. Additionally, an analgesic may be effective forrelieving different degrees of pain. Some examples of an analgesic mayinclude narcotics such as morphine or oxycodone, non-narcotics, an NSAIDsuch as aspirin or naproxen or ibuprofen, and/or acetaminophen. Anantacid may include a substance for neutralizing stomach acid, such as aproton pump inhibitor. Some examples of an antacid may includeimeprazole and/or a pharmaceutical composition containing aluminumhydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum carbonate, calcium carbonate,sodium bicarbonate, hydrotalcite, bismuth subsalicylate, magaldrate,and/or simethicone.

An antiarrhythmic may include a drug for controlling a heartbeatirregularity. Some examples of an antiarrhythmic may include a betablocker such as propanolol, and/or lidocaine, verapamil, and/orquinidine. An antibacterial may include a drug used to treat aninfection. Some examples of an antibacterial may include amoxicillinand/or ciprofloxacin. An antibiotic may include a drug made fromnaturally occurring and/or synthetic substances for combating abacterial infection. Some examples of an antibiotic may includepenicillin, streptomycin, and/or sulfonamide-based drugs. Ananticoagulant may include an agent for preventing blood clots. Anexample of an anticoagulant may include a vitamin K antagonist, such aswarfarin, and/or aspirin. A thrombolytic may help dissolve and dispersea blood clot and may be prescribed for patients with recent arterial orvenous thrombosis. A thrombolytic may be derived from Streptomyces spp.and/or recombinant DNA technology and may include streptokinase,urokinase, and/or a tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) such asalteplase.

An anticonvulsant may include a pharmaceutical administered for theprevention of seizures. Some examples of an anticonvulsant may include abarbiturate, a carbamate, a fatty acid derivative, and/or a sulfonamide.An antidiarrheal may include a drug utilized for the relief of diarrhea.Some examples of an antidiarrheal may include an antispasmodic such asdiphenoxylate and loperamide, a bismuth compound, a bulking agent,and/or an absorbent. An antiemetic may include a drug used to treatnausea and vomiting. Some examples of an antiemetic may include a 5-HT3receptor antagonist, a dopamine antagonist, and/or a histamine. Anantifungal may include a drug used to treat fungal infections, the mostcommon of which affect the hair, skin, nails, and/or mucous membranes.Some examples of antifungals may include polyene antifungals, imidazoleand triazole antifungals, and/or allylamines. An anti-allergenic agentmay include an agent characterized by preventing and/or reducing theeffect of an allergen. Some examples of an anti-allergenic may includean antihistamine, cortisone, hydrocortisone, and/or epinephrine. Anantihistamine may include an agent used for counteracting the effects ofhistamine. Some examples of an antihistamine may include a H1-receptorantagonist and/or a H2-receptor antagonist. An antihypertensive mayinclude drugs utilized for lowering blood pressure. Some examples of anantihypertensive may include a diuretic, an adrenergic receptorantagonist, and/or an ACE inhibitor. An anti-anginal may include anagent used for preventing and/or reducing angina and/or chest pain. Someexamples of an anti-anginal may include aspirin, ranolazine, and/orivabradine. An anti-asthmatic may include an agent for preventing and/orreducing asthma and/or its effects. Some examples of an anti-asthmaticmay include albuterol, an inhaled steroid, for example budesonide orfluticasone, and/or ipratropium bromide.

An anti-inflammatory may include an agent utilized to reduceinflammation and/or to treat redness, heat, swelling, and/or increasedblood flow associated for example, that seen with an infection orinjury, or in many chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis andgout. Some anti-inflammatories may include steroids, and/or NSAIDs suchas naproxen, ibuprofen, and/or aspirin. An antineoplastic may includedrugs used to treat cancer and to inhibit and/or prevent the developmentof tumors. Some antineoplastics may include alkylating agents,antimetabolites, enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, immune modulators, andtaxoids. An antipyretic may include a drug used to reduce a fever. Someexamples of an antipyretic may include aspirin and/or acetaminophen. Anantiviral may include a drug used to treat viral infections and/or toprovide temporary protection against viral infections such as influenza.Some examples of an antiviral may include an interferon, acyclovir,ribavirin, and/or oseltamivir. An anti-ulcer agent may include an agentused for preventing and/or lessening the effect of an ulcer, includingstomach ulcers, mouth ulcers, or other types of ulcers. Some examples ofan anti-ulcer agent may include a bismuth compound, a prostaglandinanalogue, and/or cimetidine. An antidyspeptic may include an agent usedfor treating and/or preventing dyspepsia. Some examples of anantidyspeptic may include simethicone and/or a proton pump inhibitor,such as esomeprazole. An antacid may include a substance, often a base,which may counteract stomach acidity. Some examples of an antacid mayinclude magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate,and/or bismuth subsalicylate. A beta-blocker may include abeta-adrenergic blocking agent utilized for reducing the oxygen needs ofthe heart by reducing the heartbeat rate. Some examples of abeta-blocker may include propranolol, esmolol, bisoprolol, and/ortimolol. A bronchodilator may include an agent utilized for opening thebronchial tubes within the lungs when the tubes have become narrowed,for example, by muscle spasm and may be used for treating asthma. Someexamples of a bronchodilator may include albuterol and/or ipratropiumbromide. A cold treatment may include an agent utilized for treatingaches, pains, and/or fever accompanying a cold. Some cold treatments mayinclude aspirin, acetaminophen, a decongestant, an antihistamine, and/orcaffeine.

A corticosteroid may include a hormonal preparation used as ananti-inflammatory for arthritis or asthma and/or treating somemalignancies or compensating for a deficiency of natural hormones. Someexamples of a corticosteroid may include cortisol and/or aldosterone. Acough suppressant may include an agent used to soothe irritation causedby coughing and/or to prevent coughing. Some examples of a coughsuppressant may include codeine, an antihistamine, and/ordextromethorphan. An antitussive may include a cough suppressant. Acytotoxic agent may include a drug used for killing and/or damagingcells. Some examples of a cytotoxic agent may include actinomycin-D,azathioprine, bleomycin, melphalan, busulphan, doxorubicin, etoposide,an antineoplastic agent, and/or an apoptotic agent. A decongestant mayinclude an agent for reducing the swelling of the mucous membraneslining the nose and/or throat. Some examples of a decongestant mayinclude pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine. A diuretic may include anagent for increasing the quantity of urine produced by the kidneys andpassed out of the body. Some examples of a diuretic may includehydrochlorothiazide, spironolactone, mannitol, and/or glucose. Anexpectorant may include an agent for stimulating the flow of saliva,loosening and thinning mucus in airways, and/or promoting a moreproductive cough as to eliminate phlegm from the respiratory tract. Anexample of an expectorant may include guaifenesin. A hormone may includemolecules produced naturally by the endocrine glands. Some examples of ahormone may include steroid hormones, amine-derived hormones, peptidehormones, and/or lipid and phospholipid-derived hormones. A hypoglycemicmay include an agent for lowering the level of glucose in the blood.Some examples of a hypoglycemic may include a sulfonylurea, ameglitinide, a biguanide, a thiazolidinedione, and/or aalpha-glucosidase inhibitor. An immunosuppressive may include an agentfor preventing or reducing the body's normal reaction to invasion bydisease and/or foreign tissues. Some examples of an immunosuppressivemay include a drug such as a corticosteroid, cyclosporine, rapamycin,which acts on immunophilins, and/or an antibody.

A laxative may include an agent for increasing the frequency and ease ofbowel movements. Some examples of a laxative may includemethylcellulose, docusate, mineral oil, and/or magnesium hydroxide. Amuscle relaxant may include an agent utilized for relieving musclespasms. Some examples of a muscle relaxant may include neuromuscularblocking drugs, carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine, metaxalone, abenzodiazepine and/or a tranquilizer. A sedative may include a substancewhich depresses the central nervous system and may result in calmness,relaxation, reduction of anxiety, sleepiness, and/or slowed breathing.Some examples of a sedative may include zolpidem, and/or eszopiclone. Afemale sex hormone may include a hormone responsible for the developmentof female secondary sexual characteristics. Some examples of a femalesex hormone may include estrogen and progesterone. A male sex hormonemay include a hormone responsible for the development of secondary malesexual characteristics. One example of a male sex hormone may includetestosterone. Sex hormone-related agents may include agentsmetabolically related to sex hormones. Examples of sex hormone-relatedagents may include sterols, androgens (testosterone), progestogensestrogens (estradiols, estrone), follicle-stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone, inhibin B, anti-Mullerian hormone thyroid-relatedhormones. A tranquilizer may include any drug having a calming and/orsedative effect. Some examples of a tranquilizer may include anantidepressant, a barbiturate, and/or a benzodiazepine. An appetitemodulator may include an agent used for regulating and/or adjustingappetite. Some examples of an appetite modulator may include recombinantPYY 3-36 and/or sibutramine. A vitamin may include chemicals essentialin relatively small quantities for good health. Some examples of avitamin may include Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and/or Vitamin K.

In one instance, selector module 106 can select an analgesic and anantipsychotic for subsequent presentation, perhaps in response toaccepting a pain symptom and a hallucination symptom as the at least oneattribute. In some instances, selector module 106 may include a computerprocessor.

FIG. 18 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 18 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 230 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 1802. Further, operation 1802illustrates selecting at least one of an antiparalytic, an antimanic, anantineuralgic, an anti-dyskinesia agent, an antispasmodic, anantiadrenergic, an antimuscarinic, a neuromimetic agent, a neuromuscularagent, an antianxiety agent, an antipsychotic, an antidepressant, a moodstabilizer, a stimulant, an anxiolytic, a hypnotic, or a sleeping agent.For example, as shown in FIG. 1, selector module 106 may select at leastone of an antiparalytic, an antimanic, an antineuralgic, ananti-dyskinesia agent, an antispasmodic, an antiadrenergic, anantimuscarinic, a neuromimetic agent, a neuromuscular agent, anantianxiety drug, an antipsychotic, an antidepressant, a moodstabilizer, a stimulant, an anxiolytic, a hypnotic, and/or a sleepingagent such as a long-acting barbiturate. In one example, selector module106 selects an antianxiety drug and a sleeping agent. An antiparalyticmay include an agent used for preventing the loss of and/or recoveringmuscle function. One example of an antiparalytic may includemethylprednisolone. An antimanic may include an agent used for treatingand/or suppressing mania. Some examples may include lamotrigine and/orcarbamazepine. An antineuralgic may include an agent for relievingparoxysmal nerve pain. One example of an antineuralgic may includecarbamazepine. An anti-dyskinesia agent may include an agent used forreducing and/or preventing dyskinesia, including involuntary musclemovement. One example of an anti-dyskinesia agent may includemethylenedioxymethamphetamine. An antispasmodic may include a drug or anherb that suppresses smooth muscle contraction. Some examples of anantispasmodic may include dicyclomine and/or hyoscyamine. Anantiadrenergic may include a medication for inhibiting the functioningof the sympathetic nervous system. Some examples of an antiadrenergicmay include clonidine and/or mecamylamine. An antimuscarinic may includean agent for reducing the activity of the muscarinic acetylcholinereceptor. Some examples of an antimuscarinic may include atropine and/orhyoscine. A neuromimetic agent may include an agent that mimics theresponse of an effector organ to nerve impulses. A neuromuscular agentmay block neuromuscular transmission at the neuromuscular junction andcause paralysis of the affected skeletal muscles. Some examples of aneuromuscular agent may include atracurium and/or vecuronium. Anantianxiety drug may include a drug for suppressing anxiety and relaxingthe muscles. An antianxiety drug may include a sedative, a tranquilizer,an anxiolytic, such as a benzodiazepine, alprazolam and/or diazepam, anantidepressant, a short-acting barbiturate, and/or an herbal treatment,such as chamomile, kava extract, Kratom, and/or valerian. Anantipsychotic may include a group of drugs commonly used to treatpsychosis and may include phenothiazines, thioxanthenes, butyrophenones,risperidone, amisulpride, and/or other suitable drugs. An antidepressantmay include a psychiatric medication or other substance, such as anutrient or herb, used for alleviating depression or dysthymia. Someexamples of an antidepressant may include a selective serotonin reuptakeinhibitor, such as Prozac and/or Zoloft, and/or aserotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, such as Cymbalta. A moodstabilizer may include a psychiatric medication used to treat mooddisorders characterized by intense and sustained mood shifts. Someexamples of a mood stabilizer may include lithium carbonate and/orlamotrigine. A stimulant may include substances that may temporarilyincrease alertness and awareness, such as caffeine, ephedrine, and/ornicotine. An anxiolytic may include a substance used for the treatmentof anxiety, such as a benzodiazepine and/or a barbiturate. A hypnoticmay include substances that induce sleep, such as a barbiturate and/oran antihistamine (diphenhydramine). A sleeping agent may include anynumber of medications for helping a person sleep and/or stay asleep andmay include benzodiazepines, antidepressants, melatonin, and/orantihistamines as well as other suitable substances. In some instances,selector module 106 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 19 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 19 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 230 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 1902, an operation 1904, and/or anoperation 1906.

Operation 1902 illustrates selecting the at least one prescriptionmedication at least partially based on at least one of a behavior, asymptom, or a diagnosis. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, selectormodule 106 may select the at least one prescription medication at leastpartially based on at least one of a behavior, a symptom, or adiagnosis. In one instance, selector module 106 can select aprescription medication based on a diagnosis. A behavior may include themanner a person behaves toward other people and/or a certaincircumstance. A symptom may include a subjective indicator of a healthproblem reported by an individual, or a sign of a health problem noticedby another, perhaps a doctor. A symptom may be evidence of a disease, adisability, an impairment, and/or a condition. A diagnosis may includean identification of a disease, a disability, an impairment, and/or acondition. In some instances, selector module 106 may include a computerprocessor.

Operation 1904 illustrates selecting the at least one prescriptionmedication at least partially based on at least one of a susceptibilityto a drug side effect or a drug interaction. For example, as shown inFIG. 1, selector module 106 may select the at least one prescriptionmedication at least partially based on at least one of a susceptibilityto a drug side effect or a drug interaction. In one instance, selectormodule 106 can select a prescription medication based on asusceptibility to a drug side effect including an allergy. Asusceptibility to a drug side effect may include a probability a certainperson may be vulnerable to a side effect associated with a specificdrug and/or medication. A susceptibility to a drug side effect mayinclude predisposition to a particular drug side effect or class of drugside effects, such as upset stomach associated with aspirinformulations. A drug reaction may include a possible response a personmay exhibit resulting from at least one drug and/or medicationadministered to the person. A drug reaction may include an allergyand/or a drug and/or medication interaction with a separate drug and/ormedication. In some instances, selector module 106 may include acomputer processor.

Operation 1906 illustrates selecting a prescription medication and atleast one alternative medicine treatment as the at least oneprescription medication. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, selectormodule 106 may select a prescription medication and at least onealternative medicine treatment as the at least one prescriptionmedication. In one instance, selector module 106 can select aprescription medication and at least one alternative medicine treatmentas the at least one prescription medication. A prescription medicationmay include a medication, drug, and/or treatment available only withwritten instructions from a doctor, dentist, and/or other licensedprofessional. An alternative medicine treatment may include medicaland/or nutraceutical treatments and/or practices utilized instead ofstandard medical treatments. Some examples of alternative medicinetreatments may include chiropractic, herbal medicine, acupuncture,homeopathy, naturopathy, and/or spiritual devotions. In some instances,selector module 106 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 20 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 20 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 230 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 2002, and/or an operation 2004.

Operation 2002 illustrates selecting the at least one prescriptionmedication at least partially based on at least one of a medicationhistory of the at least one individual or an artificial sensoryexperience history of the at least one individual. For example, as shownin FIG. 1, selector module 106 may select the at least one prescriptionmedication at least partially based on at least one of a medicationhistory of the at least one individual or an artificial sensoryexperience history of the at least one individual. In one example,selector module 106 can select a prescription medication based on amedication history of an individual named Jennifer Harris or ananonymous individual. A medication history may include any record ofadministered medications and/or drugs that may exist for an individual.An artificial sensory experience history may include any record of anartificial sensory experience associated with an individual. In someinstances, selector module 106 may include a computer processor.

Operation 2004 illustrates selecting the at least one prescriptionmedication at least partially based on at least one of a genetic or anepigenetic profile. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, selector module 106may select the at least one prescription medication at least partiallybased on at least one of a genetic or an epigenetic profile. In oneinstance, selector module 106 can select a prescription medication basedon a genetic profile. A genetic profile may include hereditaryinformation encoded in the genetic sequence of an individual. Anepigenetic profile may include information regarding chromatin and/orDNA modifications that are stable over rounds of cell division but donot involve changes in the underlying DNA sequence of the organism, suchas histone acetylation and/or DNA methylation. Other epigeneticinformation may be found in higher-order chromatin structure. In someinstances, selector module 106 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 21 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 21 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 230 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 2102, and/or an operation 2104.

Operation 2102 illustrates selecting at least one virtual experience asthe at least one artificial sensory experience. For example, as shown inFIG. 1, selector module 106 may select at least one virtual experienceas the at least one artificial sensory experience. In one example,selector module 106 can select a virtual experience as the artificialsensory experience. A virtual experience may include an experience witha computer-simulated environment. Such a virtual experience may beinteractive or non-interactive. Some examples of a virtual experiencemay include an experience with a virtual world, a simulated reality, acomputer game, and/or a virtual tour, and may involve input devices suchas a keyboard, a mouse, an accelerometer-containing input device, and/ora wired glove. A virtual experience may also involve a visual and/orauditory monitoring device such as a video monitor, goggles,loudspeakers, or the like. Examples of a virtual experience includesecond life, snow world, or the like. In some instances, selector module106 may include a computer processor.

Operation 2104 illustrates selecting at least one of a virtual world, asocial networking website, an online game, an online educationalexperience, a networked game, or a single-player game. For example, asshown in FIG. 1, selector module 106 may select at least one of avirtual world, a social networking website, an online game, an onlineeducational experience, a networked game, or a single-player game. Inone instance, selector module 106 can select a virtual world. A virtualworld may include a computer-based simulated environment intended forits users to inhabit and interact via avatars, such as second life. Asocial networking website may include a website for observing and/orinteracting with one or more personal and/or professional relationshipsbetween individuals. Some examples of a social networking website mayinclude MySpace, GeoCities, Facebook, and/or LinkedIn. In one instance,selector module 106 may select Facebook as the social networking websiteand may include directions to Facebook to implement a color schemeincluding bright colors, such as yellow and light blue, for preventingthe onset of depression in a depression prone viewer. An online game mayinclude a game played over a network, such as hardwired terminals, awireless network, a modem network, a video console, and/or the internet.Some online games may include virtual worlds and/or virtual communities.Examples of online games may include World of Warcraft (WoW), FinalFantasy XI, Lineage II, Guild Wars, and/or RuneScape. An onlineeducational experience may include a tutorial, a lesson, and/or anonline class. Some examples of an online educational experience mayinclude a HTML tutorial, an online piano lesson, and/or an online degreeprogram from the University of Phoenix. A networked game may include anygame played by more than one player and may be played on a computer. Anexample of a networked game may include World of Warcraft (WoW). Asingle-player game may include any game that can be played by one playerand that may or may not be played on a computer. Examples of asingle-player game includes solitaire, puzzle games such as Tetris, Callof Duty, and Guitar Hero. In some instances, selector module 106 mayinclude a computer processor.

FIG. 22 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 22 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 230 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 2202, and/or an operation 2204.

Operation 2202 illustrates selecting at least one real-world sensorystimulus as the at least one artificial sensory experience. For example,as shown in FIG. 1, selector module 106 may select at least onereal-world sensory stimulus as the at least one artificial sensoryexperience. In one instance, selector module 106 can select a real-worldsensory stimulus including an aroma as an artificial sensory experience.Some examples of a real-world sensory stimulus may include aromas and/orsmells, sounds, sights, touch, pressure, temperature and/or heat, and/orvibration. In some instances, selector module 106 may include a computerprocessor. Further, operation 2204 illustrates selecting at least one ofa smell, a taste, a sound, a physical contact, or a sight as the atleast one real-world sensory stimulus. For example, as shown in FIG. 1,selector module 106 may select at least one of a smell, a taste, asound, a physical contact, or a sight as the at least one real-worldsensory stimulus. In one example, selector module 106 selects a smelland a taste as a real-world sensory stimulus. A smell may include anyproperty detected by the nose and/or olfactory system. A taste mayinclude any flavor and/or property detected by the tongue and/or tastebuds. A sound may include any sound wave that may be detected by theeardrum. A physical contact may include anything related to touch, feet,and/or detection by the skin and/or body, and/or physical activityincluding exercise. In one instance, selector module 106 may select aphysical contact including physical exercise associated withparticipating in playing a tennis game on a Nintendo Wii video gameconsole, for example. A sight may include any image, and/or lightdetected by the eyes. In some instances, selector module 106 may includea computer processor.

FIG. 23 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 23 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 230 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 2302, an operation 2304, and/or anoperation 2306.

Operation 2302 illustrates selecting the at least one artificial sensoryexperience at least partially based on at least one of a behavior, asymptom, or a diagnosis. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, selectormodule 106 may select the at least one artificial sensory experience atleast partially based on at least one of a behavior, a symptom, or adiagnosis. In one example, selector module 106 can select an artificialsensory experience based on behavior entered by a user 118 via a userinterface 116. A behavior may include the manner in which a personand/or thing acts and/or reacts. A symptom may include a manifestation,sign, and/or an indication of the presence of a disease and/or someother disorder and/or abnormality. A diagnosis may include identifying adisease and/or condition by its signs and/or symptoms. For example,selector module 106 and/or system 100 may select an immersive virtualreality experience as the at least one artificial sensory experience atleast partially based on a pain symptom and/or a third-degree burndiagnosis. In some instances, selector module 106 may include a computerprocessor.

Operation 2304 illustrates selecting the at least one artificial sensoryexperience at least partially based on at least one demographiccharacteristic of the at least one individual. For example, as shown inFIG. 1, selector module 106 may select the at least one artificialsensory experience at least partially based on at least one demographiccharacteristic of the at least one individual. In one example, selectormodule 106 can select an artificial sensory experience based on ademographic characteristic the at least one individual. A demographiccharacteristic may include a socioeconomic, age, gender, and/or othersimilar factor defining a certain population. For example, selectormodule 106 and/or system 100 may select a virtual reality experiencesuch as a Sesame Street or Disney-themed experience as the at least oneartificial sensory experience at least partially based on an indicationthat the individual is aged 6-10 years old. In some instances, selectormodule 106 may include a computer processor.

Further, operation 2306 illustrates selecting the at least oneartificial sensory experience at least partially based on at least oneof geographic location, family status, age, gender, weight, ethnicity,body mass index, household size, or income of the at least oneindividual. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, selector module 106 mayselect the at least one artificial sensory experience at least partiallybased on at least one of geographic location, family status, age,gender, weight, ethnicity, body mass index, household size, or income ofthe at least one individual. In one example, selector module 106 canselect the artificial sensory experience based on an age and a weightassociated with the at least one individual. A geographic location mayinclude a location where an individual currently resides, has resided inthe past, and/or has visited. A family status may include maritalstatus, status and/or presence of children, and/or the status and/orhealth of extended family. In some instances, selector module 106 mayinclude a computer processor.

FIG. 24 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 24 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 230 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 2402, and/or an operation 2404.

Operation 2402 illustrates selecting the at least one artificial sensoryexperience at least partially based on at least one of a medicationhistory or an artificial sensory experience history of the at least oneindividual. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, selector module 106 mayselect the at least one artificial sensory experience at least partiallybased on at least one of a medication history or an artificial sensoryexperience history of the at least one individual. In one instance,selector module 106 can select an artificial sensory experience based onan artificial sensory experience history of the at least one individual.An artificial sensory experience history may include any record of atleast one administered artificial sensory experience history. Forexample, system 100 and/or selector module 106 may select a modifiedfacebook webpage having a cheerful color scheme at least partly based ona facebook usage history for an individual with signs of depression. Insome instances, selector module 106 may include a computer processor.

Operation 2404 illustrates selecting a preferred artificial sensoryexperience and at least one alternative artificial sensory experience.For example, as shown in FIG. 1, selector module 106 may select apreferred artificial sensory experience and at least one alternativeartificial sensory experience. In one example, selector module 106 canselect a preferred artificial sensory experience and at least onealternative artificial sensory experience. A preferred artificialsensory experience may include a more desirable artificial sensoryexperience due to a lack of and/or a reduced level of side effects,reduced impact upon the individual, and/or increased compatibility withanother medications and/or treatment. An alternative artificial sensoryexperience may include any artificial sensory experience in addition tothe preferred artificial sensory experience and may be less desirablethan the preferred artificial sensory experience due to side effectsand/or increased impact upon the individual. In some instances, selectormodule 106 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 25 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 25 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 230 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 2502, an operation 2504, and/or anoperation 2506.

Operation 2502 illustrates selecting at least one artificial sensoryexperience and at least one prescription medication at least partiallybased on a treatment algorithm. For example, as shown in FIG. 1,selector module 106 may select at least one artificial sensoryexperience and at least one prescription medication at least partiallybased on a treatment algorithm. In one instance, selector module 106 canselect an artificial sensory experience and a prescription medicationbased on a computer software treatment algorithm. A treatment algorithmmay include any computation, formula, statistical survey, and/or look-uptable for determining and/or selecting a suitable artificial sensoryexperience and prescription medication combination. Some examples mayinclude a computer software algorithm, a calculator, a flowchart, and/ora decision tree. For example, system 100 and/or selector module 106 may,based on an accepted pain symptom of an individual, access a lookupchart that matches the pain symptom with a pain medication, such asnaproxen, and a virtual experience, such as World of Warcraft. Such acombination therapy may be particularly effective in ameliorating thepain symptom in the individual. In some instances, selector module 106may include a computer processor.

Further, operation 2504 illustrates selecting at least one prescriptionmedication at least partially based on at least one of a drug allergyassociated with the at least one individual or a drug interactionassociated with the at least one prescription medication. For example,as shown in FIG. 1, selector module 106 may select at least oneprescription medication at least partially based on at least one of adrug allergy associated with the at least one individual or a druginteraction associated with the at least one prescription medication. Inone example, selector module 106 can select a prescription medicationbased on a drug allergy associated with the at least one individual. Adrug allergy may include any allergy to a drug and/or drug intolerance.Some examples of a drug allergy may include penicillin allergies,codeine allergies, and/or allergies to a dye in a drug. A druginteraction may include an undesirable and/or unwanted reaction betweentwo or more drugs and/or medications. For example, the system 100 and/orselector module 106 can select a prescription medication other thanthose that might cause a side effect in an individual, perhaps becauseof a known predisposition to the side effect (e.g., an allergy) orbecause of a known drug-drug interaction relevant to the individualbased on the individual's medication regimen. In this way, risk of sideeffects can be lessened. In some instances, selector module 106 mayinclude a computer processor.

Operation 2506 illustrates selecting at least one opioid analgesic andat least one virtual world experience to address at least one painattribute of at least one individual. For example, as shown in FIG. 1,selector module 106 may select from a prescription medication databaseat least one opioid analgesic and at least one virtual world experienceto address at least one pain attribute of at least one individual. Inone example, selector module 106 can select an opioid analgesicincluding morphine and a virtual world experience including an onlinegame to address a pain attribute of at least one individual named MaryAndersen. In some instances, selector module 106 may include a computerprocessor.

FIG. 26 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 26 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 240 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 2602, an operation 2604, and/or anoperation 2606.

Operation 2602 illustrates presenting an indication of a preferredcombination including at least one prescription medication and at leastone artificial sensory experience and at least one alternativecombination including at least one alternative prescription medicationand at least one alternative artificial sensory experience. For example,as shown in FIG. 1, presenter module 108 may present an indication of apreferred combination including at least one prescription medication andat least one artificial sensory experience and at least one alternativecombination including at least one alternative prescription medicationand at least one alternative artificial sensory experience. In oneinstance, presenter module 108 can present an indication of a preferredcombination to an individual 134 including a prescription medication andan artificial sensory experience along with an alternative combinationincluding an alternative prescription medication and an alternativeartificial sensory experience. Individual 134 may include a singleindividual, multiple individuals, and/or an entity. A preferredcombination may include a more desirable combination due to a lack ofand/or a reduced number of and/or level of side effects, reduced impactupon the administered individual, and/or increased compatibility withanother medications and/or treatment. An alternative combination mayinclude any combination in addition to the preferred combination and maybe ostensibly less desirable than the preferred artificial sensoryexperience because of a potential side effect and/or impact upon theadministered individual. Presentation of alternative combinations mayprovide benefits to the individual in terms of accessibility,affordability, and/or personal preference of medication and/orartificial sensory experience. In some instances, presenter module 108may include a computer processor.

Operation 2604 illustrates presenting an indication of the at least oneprescription medication and the at least one artificial sensoryexperience to at least one output device. For example, as shown in FIG.1, presenter module 108 may present an indication of the at least oneprescription medication and the at least one artificial sensoryexperience to at least one output device. In one example, presentermodule 108 can present an indication of a prescription medication and anartificial sensory experience to an output device 130 including aprinter at a health clinic. An output device may include any hardwaredevice configured for receiving computer output. Some examples of anoutput device may include a printer, a monitor, a mobile phone, aspeaker, and/or a visual display unit. The output device may be used byindividual 134. In some instances, presenter module 108 may include acomputer processor.

Further, operation 2606 illustrates presenting an indication of at leastone of the at least one prescription medication or the at least oneartificial sensory experience to at least one user interface. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 1, presenter module 108 may present anindication of at least one of the at least one prescription medicationor the at least one artificial sensory experience to at least one userinterface. In one instance, presenter module 108 can present anindication of a prescription medication and an artificial sensoryexperience to a user interface. A user interface may include means bywhich an individual may interact with a system. Some examples of a userinterface may include a touchscreen, a graphical user interface, atactile interface, and/or a live user interface. In some instances,presenter module 108 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 27 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 27 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 240 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 2702. Further, operation 2702illustrates presenting an indication of at least one of the at least oneprescription medication or the at least one artificial sensoryexperience to at least one mobile device. For example, as shown in FIG.1, presenter module 108 may present an indication of at least one of theat least one prescription medication or the at least one artificialsensory experience to at least one mobile device. In one instance,presenter module 108 can present an indication of a prescriptionmedication to a mobile device 132. A mobile device may include aportable computing device and may have wireless connection capability.Some examples of a mobile device may include a laptop or notebookcomputer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), an ipod, a smartphone, anEnterprise digital assistant (EDA), and/or a pager. In some instances,presenter module 108 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 28 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 200 of FIG. 2. FIG. 28 illustrates example embodiments whereoperation 240 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 2802, and/or an operation 2804.

Operation 2802 illustrates presenting to a health care provider anindication of at least one of the at least one prescription medicationor the at least one artificial sensory experience at least partly basedon the selecting at least one prescription medication and at least oneartificial sensory experience to address the at least one attribute ofat least one individual. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, presentermodule 108 may present to a health care provider an indication of atleast one of the at least one prescription medication or the at leastone artificial sensory experience at least partly based on the selectingat least one prescription medication and at least one artificial sensoryexperience to address an attribute of an individual. In one example,presenter module 108 can present to a health care provider 128 anindication of a prescription medication based on the selecting at leastone prescription medication and at least one artificial sensoryexperience to address the at least one attribute 120 of at least oneindividual. A health care provider may include a pharmacy, apharmaceutical company, a medical device company, a researchinstitution, a computer software and/or computer hardware company, awebsite, a nurse and/or a physician. In some instances, presenter module108 may include a computer processor.

Operation 2804 illustrates presenting an indication of the at least oneprescription medication or the at least one artificial sensoryexperience at a staggered time. For example, as shown in FIG. 1,presenter module 108 may present an indication of at least one of the atleast one prescription medication or the at least one artificial sensoryexperience at a staggered time. In one example, presenter module 108 canpresent an indication of a series of prescription medications and anartificial sensory experience at staggered times. A staggered time mayinclude presenting an indication of the at least one drug and/orartificial sensory experience at overlapping times and/or at differenttimes, including alternating times. For example, at least one drug andan artificial sensory experience may be administered at an initial timeand the same or a different drug may be administered when thefirst-administered at least one drug is at its peak effect. In anotherexample, at least one drug and an artificial sensory experience may beadministered at an initial time and the same or a different drug may beadministered when the first administered at least one drug is at itslowest effect. In another example, an artificial sensory experience maybe administered at an initial time and at least one prescriptionmedication at a later time. The at least one artificial sensoryexperience and/or the at least one prescription medication may beadministered at any number of times either concurrently, partiallyconcurrently, or not concurrently. In some instances, presenter module108 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 29 illustrates an operational flow 2900 representing exampleoperations related to querying at least one database at least partlybased on at least one attribute of an individual, selecting from the atleast one database at least one prescription medication to address theat least one attribute of at least one individual, and/or implementingat least one artificial sensory experience to address the at least oneattribute of at least one individual in response to a selected at leastone prescription medication. In FIG. 29, discussion and explanation maybe provided with respect to the above-described examples of FIG. 1,and/or with respect to other examples and contexts. However, it shouldbe understood that the operational flows may be executed in a number ofother environments and contexts, and/or in modified versions of FIG. 1.Also, although the various operational flows are presented in thesequence(s) illustrated, it should be understood that the variousoperations may be performed in other orders than those which areillustrated, or may be performed concurrently.

After a start operation, the operational flow 2900 moves to an operation2910. Operation 2910 depicts querying at least one database at leastpartly based on at least one attribute of an individual. For example, asshown in FIG. 1, querier module 104 may search at least one database atleast partly based on at least one attribute of an individual. In oneinstance, querier module 104 may search medication database 124 andartificial sensory experience database 126 based on an attribute 120including an indication of hypertension associated with an individualnamed John Smith. In some instances, querier module 104 may include acomputer processor.

Then, operation 2920 depicts selecting from the at least one database atleast one prescription medication to address the at least one attributeof at least one individual. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, selectormodule 106 may select from the at least one database at least oneprescription medication to address the at least one attribute of atleast one individual. In one example and continuing with the previousexample, selector module 106 may select from medication database 124 andartificial sensory experience database 126 a prescription medicine foraddressing the attribute 120 including an indication of hypertensionassociated with an individual named John Smith. In some instances,selector module 106 may include a computer processor.

Then, operation 2930 depicts implementing at least one artificialsensory experience to address the at least one attribute of at least oneindividual in response to a selected at least one prescriptionmedication. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, implementer module 138 mayimplement at least one artificial sensory experience to address the atleast one attribute of at least one individual in response to a selectedat least one prescription medication. In one instance and continuingwith the previous example, implementer module 106 may implement anartificial sensory experience including a virtual world for addressingthe attribute 120 including an indication of hypertension associatedwith an individual named John Smith in response to a selectedprescription medication from a medication database 124. In someinstances, selector module 106 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 30 illustrates a partial view of an example computer programproduct 3000 that includes a computer program 3004 for executing acomputer process on a computing device. An embodiment of the examplecomputer program product 3000 is provided using a signal-bearing medium3002, and may include one or more instructions for accepting at leastone attribute of at least one individual; one or more instructions forquerying at least one database at least partly based on the at least oneattribute; one or more instructions for selecting from the at least onedatabase at least one prescription medication and at least oneartificial sensory experience to address the at least one attribute ofat least one individual; and one or more instructions for presenting anindication of the at least one prescription medication and the at leastone artificial sensory experience at least partly based on the selectingfrom the at least one database at least one prescription medication andat least one artificial sensory experience to address the at least oneattribute of at least one individual. The one or more instructions maybe, for example, computer executable and/or logic-implementedinstructions. In one implementation, the signal-bearing medium 3002 mayinclude a computer-readable medium 3006. In one implementation, thesignal bearing medium 3002 may include a recordable medium 3008. In oneimplementation, the signal bearing medium 3002 may include acommunications medium 3010.

FIG. 31 illustrates an example system 3100 in which embodiments may beimplemented. The system 3100 includes a computing system environment.The system 3100 also illustrates the user 118 using a device 3104, whichis optionally shown as being in communication with a computing device3102 by way of an optional coupling 3106. The optional coupling 3106 mayrepresent a local, wide-area, or peer-to-peer network, or may representa bus that is internal to a computing device (e.g., in exampleembodiments in which the computing device 3102 is contained in whole orin part within the device 3104). A storage medium 3108 may be anycomputer storage media.

The computing device 3102 includes computer-executable instructions 3110that when executed on the computing device 3102 cause the computingdevice 3102 to accept at least one attribute of at least one individual;query at least one database at least partly based on the at least oneattribute; select from the at least one database at least oneprescription medication and at least one artificial sensory experienceto address the at least one attribute of at least one individual; andpresent an indication of the at least one prescription medication andthe at least one artificial sensory experience at least partly based onthe selecting from the at least one database at least one prescriptionmedication and at least one artificial sensory experience to address theat least one attribute of at least one individual. As referenced aboveand as shown in FIG. 31, in some examples, the computing device 3102 mayoptionally be contained in whole or in part within the device 3104.

In FIG. 31, then, the system 3100 includes at least one computing device(e.g., 3102 and/or 3104). The computer-executable instructions 3110 maybe executed on one or more of the at least one computing device. Forexample, the computing device 3102 may implement the computer-executableinstructions 3110 and output a result to (and/or receive data from) thecomputing device 3104. Since the computing device 3102 may be wholly orpartially contained within the computing device 3104, the device 3104also may be said to execute some or all of the computer-executableinstructions 3110, in order to be caused to perform or implement, forexample, various ones of the techniques described herein, or othertechniques.

The device 3104 may include, for example, a portable computing device,workstation, or desktop computing device. In another example embodiment,the computing device 3102 is operable to communicate with the device3104 associated with the user 118 to receive information about the inputfrom the user 118 for performing data access and data processing andpresenting an output of the user-health test function at least partlybased on the user data.

Although a user 118 is shown/described herein as a single illustratedfigure, those skilled in the art will appreciate that a user 118 may berepresentative of a human user, a robotic user (e.g., computationalentity), and/or substantially any combination thereof (e.g., a user maybe assisted by one or more robotic agents). In addition, a user 118, asset forth herein, although shown as a single entity may in fact becomposed of two or more entities. Those skilled in the art willappreciate that, in general, the same may be said of “sender” and/orother entity-oriented terms as such terms are used herein.

FIG. 32A illustrates system 3200 for accepting at least one indicationof a bioactive agent use by an individual, assigning an artificialsensory experience to monitor at least one desired effect of thebioactive agent on the individual, reporting at least one monitoredeffect, and/or predicting at least one effect of the bioactive agentwhen combined with the artificial sensory experience. The system 3200may include acceptor module 102, assigner module 3334, monitoring unit3202, reporter module 3356, predictor module 3364, and/or administrationunit 3222.

FIG. 32B illustrates system 3200 for accepting at least one indicationof a bioactive agent use by an individual, assigning an artificialsensory experience to monitor at least one desired effect of thebioactive agent on the individual, reporting at least one monitoredeffect, and/or predicting at least one effect of the bioactive agentwhen combined with the artificial sensory experience. The system 3200may include acceptor module 102, assigner module 3334, monitoring unit3202, reporter module 3356, predictor module 3364, and/or administrationunit 3222. Accepter module 102 may receive information and/or data fromuser 118, database 122, and/or health care provider 136. Database 122may include medication database 124 and/or artificial sensory experiencedatabase 126. Monitoring unit 3202 may monitor individual 134 and mayinclude drug sensing unit 3204, physiologic activity monitor 3206, brainactivity measurement unit 3208, behavior monitor 3210, instrumentationmonitor 3212, compliance reporting unit 3214, voice response module3216, hearing test module 3218, and/or scale 3220. Administration unit3222 may include physical intervention effector module 3224 and/orartificial sensory experience effector module 3226.

FIG. 33 further illustrates system 3200 including acceptor module 102,assigner module 3334, reporter module 3356, and/or predictor module3364. Acceptor module 102 may include bioactive agent identificationaccepter module 3304, substance abuse indication accepter module 3320,and/or nutraceutical identification accepter module 3324. Assignermodule 3334 may include sensate experience assigner module 3336,automated medical device receiver module 3340, monitorer module 3342,neurophysiological measurement monitorer module 3344, brain activitysurrogate marker measurer module 3348, near real time measurer module3350, test function output measurer module 3352, and/or effect recordermodule 3354. Sensate experience assigner module 3336 may includestimulus assigner module 3338. Neurophysiological measurement monitorermodule 3344 may include physiologic activity measurer module 3346.Reporter module 3356 may include third party reporter module 3360,compliance data reporter module 3362, and/or selective reporter module3370. Predictor module 3364 may include effect predictor module 3366and/or behavioral response predictor module 3368.

System 3200 generally represents instrumentality for accepting at leastone indication of a bioactive agent use by an individual, assigning anartificial sensory experience to monitor at least one desired effect ofthe bioactive agent on the individual, reporting at least one monitoredeffect, and/or predicting at least one effect of the bioactive agentwhen combined with the artificial sensory experience. The operations ofaccepting at least one indication of a bioactive agent use by anindividual, assigning an artificial sensory experience to monitor atleast one desired effect of the bioactive agent on the individual,reporting at least one monitored effect, and/or predicting at least oneeffect of the bioactive agent when combined with the artificial sensoryexperience may be accomplished electronically, such as with a set ofinterconnected electrical components, an integrated circuit, and/or acomputer processor.

FIG. 34 illustrates an operational flow 3400 representing exampleoperations related to accepting at least one indication of a bioactiveagent use by an individual and assigning an artificial sensoryexperience to monitor at least one desired effect of the bioactive agenton the individual. In FIG. 34 and in following figures that includevarious examples of operational flows, discussion and explanation may beprovided with respect to the above-described examples of FIGS. 32Athrough 33, and/or with respect to other examples and contexts. However,it should be understood that the operational flows may be executed in anumber of other environments and contexts, and/or in modified versionsof FIGS. 32A through 33. Also, although the various operational flowsare presented in the sequence(s) illustrated, it should be understoodthat the various operations may be performed in other orders than thosewhich are illustrated, or may be performed concurrently.

After a start operation, the operational flow 3400 moves to operation3410. Operation 3410 depicts accepting at least one indication of abioactive agent use by an individual. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32Athrough 33, acceptor module 102 may accept at least one indication ofbioactive agent use by an individual 134. In one instance, acceptormodule 102 may accept an indication of bioactive agent use includingopioid use by a specific individual. A bioactive agent may include anagent that may have a biochemical and/or biological effect on any partof the human body. An indication of bioactive agent use may include ashowing of bioactive agent use, such as the results of testing and/orinput of at least one specific bioactive agent from a user 118, such asa health care provider 136. One example of a bioactive agent may includea pharmaceutical agent, such as codeine and/or acetaminophen. Anotherexample of a bioactive agent may include a substance subject to abusesuch as an illegal, controlled, and/or addictive substance, such asmethamphetamine, nicotine, and/or alcohol. Additionally, an indicationof a bioactive agent use may include a noticeable and/or detected effectassociated with the bioactive agent, such as a side effect, an adversedrug reaction, a desired effect, and/or an unintended therapeuticeffect. Accepting an indication of a bioactive agent use, for example,may include using a nanowire sensor for detecting the presence of abioactive agent as discussed in Patolsky, F. et al., Nanowire sensorsfor medicine and the life sciences, NANOMEDICINE, 1(1):51-65 (2006), orusing a wireless monitoring system as described in Xueliang, H. et al.,A Wireless Pharmaceutical Compliance Monitoring System Based onMagneto-Inductive Sensors, SENSORS JOURNAL, IEEE, 7(12):1711-19 (2007),each of which is incorporated herein by reference. In some instances,acceptor module 102 may include a computer processor.

Then, operation 3420 depicts assigning an artificial sensory experienceto monitor at least one desired effect of the bioactive agent on theindividual. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32A through 33, assignermodule 3334 may assign an artificial sensory experience to monitor atleast one desired effect of the bioactive agent on the individual.Assigning an artificial sensory experience may include designatingand/or specifying an artificial sensory experience tailored to the needof an individual 134 such as a patient in a doctor's care. Some examplesof an artificial sensory experience may include a virtual experience,such as an online game or a social networking site, and/or a real-worldsensory stimulus, such as a smell, a sound, and/or a sight. In oneexample, assigner module 3334 may assign a virtual world or amodification to a virtual world, such as a modification to an onlinegame such as World of Warcraft, to monitor an effect of a specificmedication administered, such as an antianxiety medication. In the sameexample, the medication effect may be monitored based on a pattern ofactivity, such as aggression by the player in the virtual world and/orindividual 134 in eliminating trolls and/or advancement by the player'savatar. Assigning may include searching a database 122 and matching abioactive agent with an appropriate artificial sensory experience takinginto account characteristics of the individual 134, such as age, gender,susceptibility to adverse effects, and/or medication or therapeutichistory. The assigning operation may entail merely the selection of amonitoring function to be carried out locally at the location of, forexample, individual 134. In one embodiment, the selection of amonitoring function may be reported to a third party and/or to theindividual 134. In other embodiments, the assigning operation may entailimplementation of a monitoring function directly, either remotely orlocally. For each artificial sensory experience, in addition totherapeutic functions, monitoring functions may be implemented, forexample, as a modification to a virtual experience computer programand/or through a separate monitoring function. In some embodiments, oneor more stimuli in an artificial sensory experience may elicit one ormore reactions in an individual that may relate to an effect of abioactive agent. For example, assignment of a Wii fitness virtualexperience to provide physical therapy may serve to monitor theeffectiveness of a coincident pain medication in the individual bymeasuring frequency of use, duration of use, range of motion, facialexpression, or the like. Such monitoring capabilities may be added as asoftware module to the Wii itself, or the monitoring may be carried outby a different device. In some instances, assigner module 3334 mayinclude a computer processor.

FIG. 35 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 3400 of FIG. 34. FIG. 35 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 3410 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 3502, an operation 3504, anoperation 3506, and/or an operation 3508.

Operation 3502 illustrates accepting an identification of at least onebioactive agent prescribed for the individual. For example, as shown inFIGS. 32A through 33, bioactive agent identification acceptor module3304 may accept an identification of a bioactive agent, such as codeine,prescribed for the individual 134 from user 118 and user interface 116.User 118 may, for example, include a medical professional. A prescribedmedication may include a medicine that requires a physician's order forits use. Some examples of a prescribed medication may include Xanax®,Lipitor®, hydrocodone, and/or diazepam. In some instances, bioactiveagent identification acceptor module 3304 may include a computerprocessor.

Further, operation 3504 illustrates accepting an identification of atleast one of an anti-depressant, an anxiolytic medication, a painmedication, a behavior modifying medication, a weight adjustment drug,an anti-Alzheimer's medication, or an anti-stroke medication as the atleast one bioactive agent. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32A through33, bioactive agent identification acceptor module 3304 may accept anidentification of at least one of an anti-depressant, an anxiolyticmedication, a pain medication, a behavior modifying medication, a weightadjustment drug, an anti-Alzheimer's medication, or an anti-strokemedication as the at least one medication. In one example, bioactiveagent identification acceptor module 3304 may accept an identificationof a pain medication from user 118 and memory device 112. Accepting anidentification of at least one bioactive agent may include using a drugsensor, such as those described above. An anti-depressant may include apsychiatric medication or other substance, such as a nutrient or herb,used for alleviating depression or dysthymia. Some examples of ananti-depressant may include fluoxetine and/or sertraline. An anxiolyticmedication may include a substance used for the treatment of anxiety,such as a benzodiazepine and/or a barbiturate. A pain medication mayinclude any substance and/or drug used to relieve pain. Some examples ofan analgesic may include narcotics such as morphine or oxycodone,non-narcotics, an NSAID such as aspirin or naproxen or ibuprofen, and/oracetaminophen. A behavior modifying medication may include a substanceused for preventing or reducing behavior associated withattention-deficit disorder (ADD) and/or attention-deficit hyperactivitydisorder (ADHD). Additional behavior modifying medications may includemedications used to treat attention deficiency, hyperactivity,attachment disorders, associative disorders, oppositional defiantdisorder, aggression, and/or autistic spectrum disorders. Some examplesof a behavior modifying medication may include methylphenidate,dextroamphetamine, and/or mixed amphetamine salts. A weight adjustmentdrug may include a drug and/or supplement used for decreasing appetite,increasing appetite and/or muscle mass, blocking fat absorption, and/ordecreasing stomach volume. Some examples of a weight adjustment drug mayinclude anabolic steroids, Megastrol (e.g., often used for patients withcancer that lose too much weight), DHEA, pregnenolone, orlistat,sibutramine, and/or melatonin. An anti-Alzheimer's medication mayinclude medication used for the prevention and/or management ofAlzheimer's disease. Some examples of an anti-Alzheimer's medication mayinclude memantine, donepezil, galantamine, and/or rivastigmine. Ananti-stroke medication may include medication used for preventing and/ortreating stroke and/or symptoms of stroke. Some examples of anti-strokemedication may include aspirin, clopidogrel, and/or ticlopidine. In someinstances, bioactive agent identification acceptor module 3304 mayinclude a computer processor.

Operation 3506 illustrates accepting an indication of a substancesubject to abuse used by the individual. For example, as shown in FIGS.32A through 33, substance abuse indication acceptor module 3320 mayaccept an identification of a substance subject to abuse used by theindividual. Some examples of a substance subject to abuse may include acontrolled substance, such as substances included in the ControlledSubstances Act (e.g., cannabis, heroin, cocaine, and/or hydrocodone),and/or other substances subject to abuse, such as alcohol, tobacco,glue, cough medicine, and/or solvents. In one instance, substance abuseindication acceptor module 3320 may accept from user 118 and networkstorage 110 an identification of a controlled substance includingcocaine used by an anonymous individual. A controlled substance mayinclude a psychoactive drug or performance enhancing drug used for anon-therapeutic or non-medical effect. Some other examples of acontrolled substance may include amphetamines, barbiturates,benzodiazepines, methaqualone, and/or opium alkaloids. In someinstances, substance abuse indication acceptor module 3320 may include acomputer processor.

Further, operation 3508 illustrates accepting an indication of at leastone of alcohol use, psychoactive drug use, tranquilizer abuse,methamphetamine use, tobacco use, marijuana use, or narcotic use. Forexample, as shown in FIGS. 1 through 2, substance abuse indicationacceptor module 3320 may accept an indication of at least one of alcoholuse, psychoactive drug use, tranquilizer use, methamphetamine use,tobacco use, marijuana use, or narcotic use. In one embodiment,substance abuse indication acceptor module 3320 may accept anidentification of alcohol use and methamphetamine use from health careprovider 136 and user interface 116. In another embodiment, substanceabuse indication acceptor module 3320 may accept an indication ofalcohol use and/or methamphetamine use from a transdermal alcoholsensing instrument. Accepting an indication of alcohol use may include,for example, using a transdermal alcohol sensing instrument, furtherdescribed in Bellehumeur, U.S. Pat. No. 6,886,653, which is incorporatedherein by reference. Other methods of alcohol use detection may also beused, such as breathalyzer analysis, infrared spectroscopy, ethylglucuronide analysis, speech analysis, body coordination analysis, orthe like. Alcohol use may include alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence,alcoholism, and/or recreational alcohol consumption. Tobacco use mayinclude the use of and/or the addiction to tobacco products, such ascigarette use and/or chewing tobacco use. Psychoactive drug use,tranquilizer use, methamphetamine use, marijuana use, and/or narcoticuse may include recreational drug and/or substance use and/or drugabuse. In some instances, substance abuse indication acceptor module3320 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 36 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 3400 of FIG. 34. FIG. 36 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 3410 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 3602, and/or an operation 3604.

Operation 3602 illustrates accepting an indication of nutraceutical useby the individual. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32A through 33,nutraceutical identification acceptor module 3324 may accept anidentification of a nutraceutical used by the individual 134. In oneinstance, nutraceutical identification acceptor module 3324 may acceptan identification of a soy-based isoflavonoid nutraceutical used by theindividual. A nutraceutical may refer to a food extract having and/orclaimed to have a medicinal effect on human health. Some examples of anutraceutical may include flavonoid antioxidants, alpha-linolenic acidfrom flax seeds, beta-carotene from marigold petals, anthocyanins fromberries, ginseng, and/or garlic oil. In some instances, nutraceuticalidentification acceptor module 3324 may include a computer processorand/or other sensor instrumentation, such as the nanowire discussedabove.

Further, operation 3604 illustrates accepting an indication of at leastone of a memory supplement, an anti-oxidant, a cancer preventative, aweight adjustment agent, or a mood-changing agent. For example, as shownin FIGS. 32A through 33, nutraceutical identification acceptor module3324 may accept an identification of at least one of a memorysupplement, an anti-oxidant, a cancer preventative, a weight adjustmentagent, or a mood-changing agent from health care provider 136 and userinterface 116. In one instance, nutraceutical identification acceptormodule 3324 may accept an identification of an herbal memory supplementincluding ginkgo biloba. A memory supplement may include a substanceobtained from an animal and/or a plant source for maintaining and/orimproving memory, such as salvia lavandulaefolia and/or ginkgo biloba.An anti-oxidant may include a substance capable of slowing or preventingthe oxidation of other molecules and is purported to neutralizehazardous free-radicals within the body. Some examples of an antioxidantmay include ascorbic acid, glutathione, melatonin, and/or tocopherol. Acancer preventative may include a drug, a treatment, and/or substanceutilized for preventing the occurrence of and/or the progression ofcancer. Some examples of a cancer preventative may include acupuncture,all-trans retinoic acid, mistletoe derivatives, and/or lycopene. Aweight adjustment agent may include a drug and/or supplement used fordecreasing appetite, increasing appetite, increasing muscle mass,blocking fat absorption, and/or decreasing stomach volume. Some examplesof a weight adjustment agent may include DHEA, anabolic steroids,pregnenolone, orlistat, sibutramine, and/or melatonin. A mood-changingagent may include a psychiatric medication used to treat mood disorderscharacterized by intense and sustained mood shifts. Some examples of amood-changing agent may include lithium carbonate and/or lamotrigine. Insome instances, nutraceutical identification acceptor module 3324 mayinclude a computer processor and/or other sensor instrumentation, suchas the nanowire discussed above.

FIG. 37 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 3400 of FIG. 34. FIG. 37 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 3410 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 3702.

Operation 3702 illustrates accepting an indication of bioactive agentuse by at least one of a computer game participant, a social networkingtool user, a virtual world participant, an online student, an onlinemedical information user, or an on-line shopper. For example, as shownin FIGS. 32A through 33, bioactive agent identification acceptor module3304 may accept at least one indication of bioactive agent use by atleast one of a computer game participant, a social networking tool user,a virtual world participant, an online student, an online medicalinformation user, or an on-line shopper.

In one embodiment, bioactive agent identification acceptor module 3304may accept an indication of bioactive agent use by a virtual worldparticipant. In another instance, bioactive agent identificationacceptor module 3304 may accept an indication of bioactive agent use byan online student enrolled in an online college course through acommunity college. In another instance, bioactive agent identificationacceptor module 3304 may accept an indication of bioactive agent use byan online medical information user using a secure connection. Onlinecommunications may include private and/or confidential communicationsusing a secure method, such as a secure web browser and/or a secureinternet connection, for ensuring the privacy of a user and/orparticipant. A computer game may include an online game, an onlineeducational experience, a networked game, and/or a single-player game.Some examples of computer games may include World of Warcraft (WoW),solitaire, and/or RuneScape.

A social networking tool may include a website for observing and/orinteracting with one or more personal and/or professional relationshipsbetween individuals. Some examples of a social networking website mayinclude MySpace, GeoCities, Facebook, and/or Linkedin. Some otherexamples of a social networking tool may include picture chat, a gamingdevice, and/or instant messaging (IM). Additionally, a social networkingtool user may include a social networking website user and/or users ofthe social networking tools mentioned herein. A virtual world mayinclude a computer-based simulated environment intended for its users toinhabit and interact via avatars, such as Second Life. An online studentmay be enrolled in and/or learn from an online educational experiencesuch as a tutorial, a lesson, and/or an online class. Some examples ofan online educational experience may include a HTML tutorial, an onlinepiano lesson, and/or an online degree program from the University ofPhoenix. Online medical information may include a website and/or adatabase, such as http://www.ncbi.nlm.gov/pubmed/, MEDLINE, MEDLARS,and/or http://www.webmd.com. An online shopper may shop at an internetmarketplace, such as eBay.com, Amazon.com, and/or Froogle.com. In someinstances, bioactive agent identification acceptor module 3304 mayinclude a computer processor and/or other sensor instrumentation, suchas the nanowire discussed above.

FIG. 38 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 3400 of FIG. 34. FIG. 38 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 3420 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 3802, an operation 3804, and/or anoperation 3806.

Operation 3802 illustrates assigning a sensate experience. For example,as shown in FIGS. 32A through 33, sensate experience assigner module3336 may assign a sensate experience as at least a portion of anartificial sensory experience, such as an aroma. A sensate experiencemay include a thing perceived by the senses, such as an aroma, a sound,a feel, a taste, and/or a sight. In some instances, sensate experienceassigner module 3336 may include a computer processor. Further,operation 3804 illustrates assessing at least one reaction to at leastone of an olfactory stimulus, a haptic stimulus, a visual stimulus, anauditory stimulus, or a taste stimulus for monitoring the at least oneeffect of the bioactive agent. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32Athrough 33, stimulus assessor module 3338 may assess at least onereaction to an auditory stimulus, such as music with an upbeat tempo, tomonitor an effect of the bioactive agent, such as an antidepressant. Inthis example, an assessment of an individual's reaction to the auditorystimulus, such as attention, alertness, and/or receptivity to the upbeattempo music, may indicate a decrease in depression and may serve tomonitor the antidepressant. Further discussion regarding an olfactorystimulus may be found in Shaw, D. et al., Anxiolytic effects of lavenderoil inhalation on open-field behaviour in rats, PHYTOMEDICINE,14(9):613-20 (2007); Marlier, L. et al., Olfactory Stimulation PrecentsApnea in Premature Newborns, PEDIATRICS, 115(1):83-88 (2005); andMurayama et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,282,458; each incorporated byreference. In one embodiment, stimulus assessor module 3338 may assess areaction to a haptic stimulus, such as touching and detecting a roughfriction-causing surface, in an individual with a sensory deficit, suchthat detection of and/or reaction to the rough friction-causing surfaceindicates improvement of the sensory deficit. Detection of a roughsurface combined with administration of a bioactive agent, such as agrowth factor protein used for stimulating nerve regeneration, may serveto monitor an effect and/or efficacy of the bioactive agent in reducingand/or eliminating the sensory deficit. Further discussion regardinghuman perception of friction and growth factor proteins may be foundrespectively in Lawrence, D. A. et al., Human Perception of Friction inHaptic Interfaces, Human Perceptual Thresholds of Friction in HapticInterfaces, PROC. ASME DYNAMIC SYSTEMS AND CONTROL DIVISION, DSC-Vol.64, pp. 287-294, ASME INT. MECH. ENGR. CONG. & EXPO., Anaheim, Calif.,November 1998; and Washington University In St. Louis (2002, Jul. 26),New Horizons Of Nerve Repair: Biomedical Engineer Trips Up Proteins InNerve Regeneration System, SCIENCEDAILY. Retrieved Jul. 2, 2008, fromhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2002/07/020725082253.htm.; bothincorporated herein by reference. Further discussion regarding a hapticstimulus and/or an auditory stimulus may be found in Canadas-Quesada, F.J. et al., Improvement of Perceived Stiffness Using Auditory Stimuli inHaptic Virtual Reality, IEEE MELECON, May 16-19, Benalmadena (Málaga)Spain; and Rizzo, A. et al., Virtual Therapeutic Environments withHaptics: An Interdisciplinary Approach for Developing Post-StrokeRehabilitation Systems, Proceedings of The 2005 International Conferenceon Computers for People with Special Needs, 70-76, CPSN 2005, Las Vegas,Nev., Jun. 20-23, 2005, both incorporated herein by reference. Assessingstimuli and/or a reaction to stimuli, such as an olfactory stimulus, ahaptic stimulus, a visual stimulus, an auditory stimulus, or a tastestimulus, may elicit reactions in the individual 134 that indicate atleast one effect of the bioactive agent and may serve to monitor the atleast one effect of the bioactive agent. In some instances, stimulusassessor module 3338 may include a computer processor.

Operation 3806 illustrates assigning an artificial sensory experienceimplemented on a mobile device. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 through2, assigner module 3334 may assign a bright background color theme in avirtual world implemented on a mobile device, such as a web browser on alaptop computer having wireless capability and a battery. In thisexample, assigning a bright background color theme on a mobile devicecombined with a bioactive agent, for example an antidepressant, mayelicit a reaction by individual 134, such as increased activity and lessdepressive behavior (e.g., more message posting and less reclusivebehavior while interacting with others on a social networking website,such as MySpace.com) indicating an effect of the bioactive agent andserving to monitor an effect of the bioactive agent. Some examples of amobile device may include a laptop or notebook computer, a personaldigital assistant (PDA), an ipod, a smartphone, an Enterprise digitalassistant (EDA), and/or a pager. One example of a mobile device for usein a virtual environment may include multiple access terminals and aremovable memory card, further discussed in Viktorsson et al., U.S. Pat.No. 6,397,080, which is incorporated herein by reference. In someinstances, assigner module 3334 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 39 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 3400 of FIG. 34. FIG. 39 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 3420 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 3902, an operation 3904, and/or anoperation 3906.

Operation 3902 illustrates receiving data from an automated medicaldevice. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32A through 33, automated medicaldevice receiver module 3340 may receive data from an automated medicaldevice, such as an electrocardiograph. An automated medical device mayinclude a medical monitor, or a device that senses a patient's vitalsigns and communicates the results to a monitor and/or a user 118. Someexamples of an automated medical device may include anelectrocardiograph, such as a Holter monitor, medical imaging machines,such as an ultrasound machine and/or a magnetic resonance imagingmachine, analysis instrumentation, such as a blood glucose meter, and/ora pulse oximeter. Other examples of an automated medical device mayinclude a pedometer, a heart rate monitor, a blood pressure monitor, abody-fat analyzer, and/or a neurophysiological monitor. Additionally, amulti-parameter automated medical device may simultaneously measureand/or track multiple vital signs. One example of an automated devicemay include a tele-medicine application, further described inJeanpierre, L. et al., Automated medical diagnosis with fuzzy stochasticmodels: monitoring chronic diseases, ACTA BIOTHERETICA, 52(4):291-311(2004), which is incorporated herein by reference. In some instances,automated medical device receiver module 3340 may include a computerprocessor and/or a monitor coupled to a computer processor.

Operation 3904 illustrates assigning a virtual world, a modification toa virtual world, a computer game, a modification to a computer game, awebsite, a modification to a website, an online course, or amodification to an online course. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32Athrough 33, assigner module 3334 may assign a virtual world. A virtualworld may include a computer-based simulated environment intended forits users to inhabit and interact via avatars. Some examples of avirtual world may include a massively multiplayer online role-playinggame (MMORPG), such as World of Warcraft, a snow world, and/or simplevirtual geocaching, such as on Google Earth. In one embodiment, assignermodule 3334 may assign World of Warcraft as a virtual world. A computergame may include a video game and/or other software-based game executedon a personal computer, an arcade machine, and/or other video gameconsole. Some examples of a computer game may include Super Mario 64,World of Warcraft, and/or Guild Wars. A website may include a collectionof webpages, images, videos, and/or other digital assets hosted on atleast one webserver and may be accessible via the Internet. Someexamples of a website may include yahoo.com and/or MySpace.com. In oneembodiment, assigner module 3334 may assign the use of a websiteincluding Facebook.com. An online course may include an onlineeducational experience such as a tutorial, a lesson, and/or an onlineclass. Some examples of an online course may include a HTML tutorial, anonline piano lesson, and/or an online degree program from the Universityof Phoenix. In another embodiment, assigner module 3334 may assign anonline social skills tutorial to help an individual 134 overcome asocial phobia where the tutorial is coupled with a bioactive agent, suchas an antianxiety medication. Examples of a modification to a virtualworld, a computer game, a website, and/or an online course may includerestricting access, granting access, altering a visual object, alteringa color scheme, modifying text, and/or altering a sound, music, a voice,and/or ambient noise. In some instances, assigner module 3334 mayinclude a computer processor configured to match an artificial sensoryexperience with a bioactive agent based on the individual.

Operation 3906 illustrates monitoring at least one of physical activity,body weight, body mass index, heart rate, blood oxygen level, or bloodpressure temporally associated with an artificial sensory experience.For example, as shown in FIGS. 32A through 33, monitorer module 3342 maymonitor an individual's heart rate. Physical activity may include anyform of exercise, movement, and/or bodily activity. Some examples of aphysical activity may include exercise, body movement, walking, running,and/or muscle stretching. Monitoring physical activity may include usinga pedometer, an accelerometer, for example, available fromNew-Lifestyles, Inc., Lee's Summit, Mo., and/or other devices, such asactometers, further discussed in Zhang et al., Measurement of HumanDaily Physical Activity, OBESITY RESEARCH, 11(1):33-40 (2003), which isincorporated herein by reference. Monitoring a body weight and/or a bodymass index may include using a scale and/or a computing device. In oneembodiment, monitorer module 3342 may monitor a body mass index of anindividual experiencing a Wii Fitness game while being administered aweight loss medication by using a scale 3220 coupled with a computerprocessor. In the same embodiment, scale 3220 and computer processor mayconstantly monitor the body mass index of the individual 134. Monitoringa heart rate may include measuring work done by the heart, such asmeasuring beats per unit time and/or a pulse. Monitoring a blood oxygenlevel may include utilizing a pulse oximeter and/or measuring oxygensaturation directly through a blood sample. Monitoring blood pressuremay include utilizing a sphygmomanometer, which may be coupled to acomputer processor or other monitoring device. Monitoring physicalactivity, a heart rate, a blood oxygen level, and/or blood pressure whenan individual is experiencing an artificial sensory experience may serveto determine the efficacy of a bioactive agent. For example, when anantianxiety medication is administered to an individual prior to and/orduring an artificial sensory experience, such as a spider world designedto overcome a spider phobia, monitorer module 3342 may monitor a heartrate in order to determine whether the antianxiety medication iseffective. In the above example, the individual's heart rate maydecrease due to a decrease in anxiety as the antianxiety medicationtakes effect indicating drug efficacy. Additionally, monitorer module3342 may monitor before, during, and/or after experiencing an artificialsensory experience. In some instances, monitorer module 3342 may includea computer processor and/or medical instrumentation.

FIG. 40 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 3400 of FIG. 34. FIG. 40 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 3420 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 4002, and/or an operation 4004.

Operation 4002 illustrates monitoring a neurophysiological measurement.For example, as shown in FIGS. 32A through 33, neurophysiologicalmeasurement monitorer module 3344 may monitor a neurophysiologicalmeasurement, such as a measurement of the activation signal of muscles(electromyography) and/or the measurement of transcranial magneticstimulation. A neurophysiological measurement may include a measurementof the brain, nervous system, and/or neuromonitoring. In some instances,neurophysiological measurement monitorer module 3344 may include acomputer processor and/or a medical device, such as device configured tomeasure somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs), auditory brainstemresponse (ABR), and/or scalp sensors used in electroencephalography(EEG). Operation 4004 illustrates measuring at least one physiologicactivity using at least one of electroencephalography, computed axialtomography, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging,functional magnetic resonance imaging, functional near-infrared imaging,or magnetoencephalography. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32A through33, physiologic activity measurer module 3346 may measure at least onephysiologic activity using at least one of electroencephalography,computed axial tomography, positron emission tomography, magneticresonance imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, functionalnear-infrared imaging, or magnetoencephalography. In some instances,physiologic activity measurer module 3346 may include a computerprocessor, and/or a medical device, such as an apparatus configured toperform a computed axial tomography scan.

Electroencephalography may include measuring the electrical activity ofthe brain by recording from electrodes placed on the scalp or, inspecial cases, subdurally, or in the cerebral cortex. The resultingtraces are known as an electroencephalogram (EEG) and represent asummation of post-synaptic potentials from a large number of neurons.EEG is most sensitive to a particular set of post-synaptic potentials:those which are generated in superficial layers of the cortex, on thecrests of gyri directly abutting the skull and radial to the skull.Dendrites that are deeper in the cortex, inside sulci, are in midline ordeep structures (such as the cingulate gyrus or hippocampus) or thatproduce currents that are tangential to the skull make a smallercontribution to the EEG signal.

One application of EEG is event-related potential (ERP) analysis. An ERPis any measured brain response that is directly the result of a thoughtor perception. ERPs can be reliably measured usingelectroencephalography (EEG), a procedure that measures electricalactivity of the brain, typically through the skull and scalp. As the EEGreflects thousands of simultaneously ongoing brain processes, the brainresponse to a certain stimulus or event of interest is usually notvisible in the EEG. One of the most robust features of the ERP responseis a response to unpredictable stimuli. This response is known as theP300 (P3) and manifests as a positive deflection in voltageapproximately 300 milliseconds after the stimulus is presented.

A two-channel wireless brain wave monitoring system powered by athermo-electric generator has been developed by IMEC (InteruniversityMicroelectronics Centre, Leuven, Belgium). This device uses the bodyheat dissipated naturally from the forehead as a means to generate itselectrical power. The wearable EEG system operates autonomously with noneed to change or recharge batteries. The EEG monitor prototype iswearable and integrated into a headband where it consumes 0.8milliwatts. A digital signal processing block encodes extracted EEGdata, which is sent to a PC via a 2.4-GHz wireless radio link. Thethermoelectric generator is mounted on the forehead and converts theheat flow between the skin and air into electrical power. The generatoris composed of 10 thermoelectric units interconnected in a flexible way.At room temperature, the generated power is about 2 to 2.5-mW or 0.03-mWper square centimeter, which is the theoretical limit of powergeneration from the human skin. Such a device is proposed to associateemotion with EEG signals. See Clarke, “IMEC has a brain wave: feed EEGemotion back into games,” EE Times online,http://www.eetimes.eu/design/202801063 (Nov. 1, 2007).

Computed axial tomography may include medical imaging employingtomography and digital geometry processing for generating athree-dimensional image of the inside of an object from a large seriesof two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation.Positron emission tomography may include a nuclear medicine imagingtechnique, which produces a three-dimensional image and/or map of atleast one functional process in the body. The system detects pairs ofgamma rays emitted indirectly by a positron-emitting radionuclide (atracer), which is introduced into the body on a biologically activemolecule. Images of tracer concentration in 3-dimensional space withinthe body may then be reconstructed by computer analysis. Magneticresonance imaging may include a medical imaging technique using amagnetic field to align the nuclear magnetization of hydrogen atoms inwater in the body, resulting in an image of the body. Functionalmagnetic resonance imaging may include and imaging method for measuringhaemodynamic response related to neural activity in the brain or spinalcord. Functional near-infrared imaging (fNIR) may include aspectroscopic neuro-imaging method for measuring the level of neuronalactivity in the brain. Functional near-infrared imaging (fNIR) is basedon neuro-vascular coupling, or the relationship between metabolicactivity and oxygen level (oxygenated hemoglobin) in feeding bloodvessels.

Magnetoencephalography includes measuring the magnetic fields producedby electrical activity in the brain using magnetometers such assuperconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) or other devices.Smaller magnetometers are in development, including a mini-magnetometerthat uses a single milliwatt infrared laser to excite rubidium in thecontext of an applied perpendicular magnetic field. The amount of laserlight absorbed by the rubidium atoms varies predictably with themagnetic field, providing a reference scale for measuring the field. Thestronger the magnetic field, the more light is absorbed. Such a systemis currently sensitive to the 70 fT range, and is expected to increasein sensitivity to the 10 fT range. See Physorg.com, “New mini-sensor mayhave biomedical and security applications,” Nov. 1, 2007,http://www.physorg.com/news113151078.html, which is incorporated hereinby reference.

FIG. 41 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 3400 of FIG. 34. FIG. 41 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 3420 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 4102, an operation 4104, and/or anoperation 4106.

Operation 4102 illustrates measuring at least one brain activitysurrogate marker. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32A through 33, brainactivity surrogate marker measurer module 3348 may measure a brainactivity surrogate marker. In some instances, brain activity surrogatemarker measurer module 3348 may include a computer processor and/ormedical instrumentality configured to measure a surrogate marker, suchas a stethoscope, a face recognition system, and/or a sphygmomanometer.Brain activity surrogate markers may include indicators of attention,approval, disapproval, recognition, cognition, memory, trust, or thelike in response to a stimulus, other than measurement of brain activityassociated with the stimulus. Some examples of surrogate markers mayinclude a skin response to a stimulus; a face pattern indicative ofapproval, disapproval, or emotional state; eye movements or pupilmovements indicating visual attention to an object; voice stresspatterns indicative of a mental state, or the like. Surrogate markersmay be used in conjunction with brain activity measurements for higherconfidence in a predictive or interpretational outcome. For example,brain activation of the caudate nucleus in combination with calm voicepatterns may increase confidence in a predictor of trust between asubject and a stimulus. Additional discussion regarding surrogatemarkers may be found in Cohn, J. N., Introduction to Surrogate Markers,CIRCULATION 109: IV20-21, American Heart Association, (2004), which isincorporated herein by reference.

For example, emotion links to cognition, motivation, memory,consciousness, and learning and developmental systems. Affectivecommunication depends on complex, rule-based systems with multiplechannels and redundancy built into the exchange system, in order tocompensate if one channel fails. Channels can include all five senses:for example, increased heart-rate or sweating may show tension oragitation and can be heard, seen, touched, smelt or tasted. Emotionalexchanges may be visible displays of body tension or movement, gestures,posture, facial expressions or use of personal space; or audibledisplays such as tone of voice, choice of pitch contour, choice ofwords, speech rate, etc. Humans also use touch, smell, adornment,fashion, architecture, mass media, and consumer products to communicateour emotional state. Universals of emotion that cross culturalboundaries have been identified, and cultural differences have also beenidentified. For example ‘love’ is generally categorized as a positiveemotion in Western societies, but in certain Eastern cultures there isalso a concept for ‘sad love.’ Accordingly, universal emotional triggersmay be used to transcend cultural barriers.

When communicating with computers, people often treat new media as ifthey were dealing with real people. They often follow complex socialrules for interaction and modify their communication to suit theirperceived conversation partner. Much research has focused on the use offacial actions and ways of coding them. Speech recognition systems havealso attracted attention as they grow in capability and reliability, andcan recognize both verbal messages conveyed by spoken words, and nonverbal messages, such as those conveyed by pitch contours.

System responses and means of expressing emotions also vary. Innovativeprototypes are emerging designed to respond indirectly, so the user isrelatively unaware of the response: for example by adaptation ofmaterial, such as changing pace or simplifying or expanding content.Other systems use text, voice technology, visual agents, or avatars tocommunicate. See Axelrod et al., “Smoke and Mirrors: Gathering UserRequirements for Emerging Affective Systems,” 26th Int. Conf.Information Technology Interfaces/TI 2004, Jun. 7-10, 2004, Cavtat,Croatia, pp. 323-328, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Operation 4104 illustrates measuring at least one of iris dilation orconstriction, gaze tracking, skin response, or voice response. Forexample, as shown in FIGS. 32A through 33, brain activity surrogatemarker measurer module 3348 may measure voice response of individual134. In some instances, brain activity surrogate marker measurer module3348 may include a computer processor and/or medical instrumentality,such as a stethoscope and/or a sphygmomanometer. In one embodiment,brain activity surrogate marker measurer module 3348 may record changesin the movement of an individual's iris (with corresponding changes inthe size of the pupil) before, during, and/or after administration of abioactive agent and/or an artificial sensory experience. Suchmeasurements of physiologic activity that indicate brain activity and/ormental state may be carried out at a time that is proximate toadministration of a bioactive agent and/or an artificial sensoryexperience.

In one embodiment, brain activity surrogate marker measurer module 3348may measure and/or record gaze tracking. In some instances, brainactivity surrogate marker measurer module 3348 may include a camera thatcan monitor a subject's eye movements in order to determine whether thesubject looks at a presented characteristic, for example, during acertain time period. For example, a camera may include a smart camerathat can capture images, process them and issue control commands withina millisecond time frame. Such smart cameras are commercially available(e.g., Hamamatsu's Intelligent Vision System;http://jp.hamamatsu.com/en/product_info/index.html). Such image capturesystems may include dedicated processing elements for each pixel imagesensor. Other camera systems may include, for example, a pair ofinfrared charge coupled device cameras to continuously monitor pupilsize and position as a user watches a visual target moving forward andbackward. This can provide real-time data relating to pupilaccommodation relative to objects on, for example, a user interface 116including a display. (e.g.,http://jp.hamamatsu.com/en/rd/publication/scientific_american/common/pdf/scientific_(—)0608.pdf).

Eye movement and/or iris movement may also be measured by video-basedeye trackers. In these systems, a camera focuses on one or both eyes andrecords eye movement as the viewer looks at a stimulus. Contrast may beused to Locate the center of the pupil, and infrared and near-infrarednon-collumnated light may be used to create a corneal reflection. Thevector between these two features can be used to compute gazeintersection with a surface after a calibration for an individual 134.

In one embodiment, brain activity surrogate marker measurer module 3348may measure and/or record skin response. Brain activity may bedetermined by detection of a skin response associated with a stimulus.One skin response that may correlate with mental state and/or brainactivity is galvanic skin response (GSR), also known as electrodermalresponse (EDR), psychogalvanic reflex (PGR), or skin conductanceresponse (SCR). This is a change in the electrical resistance of theskin. There is a relationship between sympathetic nerve activity andemotional arousal, although one may not be able to identify the specificemotion being elicited. The GSR is highly sensitive to emotions in somepeople. Fear, anger, startle response, orienting response, and sexualfeelings are all among the emotions which may produce similar GSRresponses. GSR is typically measured using electrodes to measure skinelectrical signals.

For example, an Ultimate Game study measured skin-conductance responsesas a surrogate marker or autonomic index for affective state, and foundhigher skin conductance activity for unfair offers, and as with insularactivation in the brain, this measure discriminated between acceptancesand rejections of these offers. See Sanfey, “Social Decision-Making:Insights from Game Theory and Neuroscience,” Science, vol. 318, pp.598-601 (26 Oct. 2007), which is incorporated herein by reference. Otherskin responses may include flushing, blushing, goose bumps, sweating, orthe like.

In one embodiment, brain activity surrogate marker measurer module 3348may measure and/or record voice response. Voice response may includespeech captured by a microphone during presentation of a characteristic.Speech or voice can be measured, for example, by examining voice, song,and/or other vocal utterances of a subject before, during, and/or afteradministration of a bioactive agent and/or an artificial sensoryexperience to an individual 134. Such measurements may include, forexample, as discussed above, layered voice analysis, voice stressanalysis, or the like.

The reaction of an individual to an administered bioactive agent and/oran artificial sensory experience, such as an event in a virtual worldmay be a recognizable vocal exclamation such as “Wow, that's nice!” thatmay be detectable by a brain activity surrogate marker measurer module3348, such as a microphone monitoring the subject while beingadministered an artificial sensory experience. A brain activitysurrogate marker measurer module 3348 may include a voice responsemodule and/or a speech recognition function, such as a software programor computational device, that can identify and/or record an utterance ofa subject as speech or voice data.

Operation 4106 illustrates assigning an artificial sensory experience tomeasure at least one effect of the bioactive agent in at least one ofnear real time or real time. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32A through33, near real time measurer module 3350 may assign an artificial sensoryexperience to measure an effect of the bioactive agent in near realtime. A near real time event may include the current time of an eventplus processing time. In one embodiment, near real time measurer module3350 may assign a virtual world, such as World of Warcraft, to measure abioactive agent effect in near real time. A further example of measuringreal time, including real-time medical alerting, may be found inMcGovern, U.S. Pat. No. 6,909,359, which is incorporated herein byreference. In some instances, near real time measurer module 3350 mayinclude a computer processor.

FIG. 42 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 3400 of FIG. 34. FIG. 42 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 3420 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 4202, an operation 4204, and/or anoperation 4206.

Operation 4202 illustrates measuring visual field test function output,eye movement test function output, pupil movement test function output,face pattern test function output, hearing test function output, orvoice test function output. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32A through33, test function output measurer module 3352 may measure a visual fieldtest function output. For example, an individual 134 may undertake avisual field test, for example, on a personal computer so as to obtainvisual field test data. A visual field test function may include, forexample, one or more visual field test functions, one or more pointingdevice manipulation test functions, and/or one more reading testfunctions. Visual field attributes are indicators of an individual'sability to see directly ahead and peripherally. An example of a visualfield test function may be a measure of an individual's gross visualacuity, for example using a Snellen eye chart or visual equivalent on adisplay. Alternatively, a campimeter may be used to conduct a visualfield test. Such visual field tests or campimeters are available online(e.g., at http://www.testvision.org/what_is.htm). Visual field testingcould be done in the context of, for example, new email alerts thatrequire clicking and that appear in various locations on a display.Based upon the location of decreased visual field, the defect can belocalized, for example in a quadrant system.

In an embodiment, test function output measurer module 3352 may measureeye movement test function output. An eye movement test function or apupil movement test function may include, for example, one or more eyemovement test functions, one more pupil movement test functions, and/orone or more pointing device manipulation test functions. An example ofan eye movement test function may be a measurement of an individual'sability to follow a target on a display with her eyes throughout a 360°range. Such testing may be done in the context of an individualexperiencing an artificial sensory experience or participating in avirtual world. In such examples, eye movement test function output maybe obtained through a camera in place as a monitoring device that canmonitor the eye movements of the individual during interaction withadministration of the artificial sensory experience and/or the bioactiveagent. Another example of an eye movement test function may include eyetracking data from an individual monitoring device, such as a videocommunication device, for example, when a task requires tracking objectson a display, reading, or during resting states between activities in anapplication. A further example includes pupil movement tracking datafrom the individual 134 at rest or during an activity required by anapplication or user-health test function.

In an embodiment, test function output measurer module 3352 may measurepupil movement test function output. An example of a pupil movement testfunction may be a measure of an individual's pupils when exposed tolight or objects at various distances. A pupillary movement test mayassess the size and symmetry of an individual's pupils before and aftera stimulus, such as light or focal point. In the above embodiments,altered eye movement ability and/or pupil movement ability may indicateand/or monitor a desired effect of an administered bioactive agent.

In an embodiment, test function output measurer module 3352 may measureface pattern test function output. A face pattern test function mayinclude, for example, one or more face movement test functions involvingan individual's ability to move the muscles of the face. An example of aface pattern test function may be a comparison of an individual's facewhile at rest, specifically looking for nasolabial fold flattening ordrooping of the corner of the mouth, with the individual's face whilemoving certain facial features. The individual may be asked to raise hereyebrows, wrinkle her forehead, show her teeth, puff out her cheeks, orclose her eyes tight. Such testing may be done via facial patternrecognition software used in conjunction with, for example, anartificial sensory experience. Abnormalities in facial expression orpattern may indicate efficacy of and/or a desired effect of a bioactiveagent while experiencing an artificial sensory experience.

In one embodiment, test function output measurer module 3352 may measuremeasuring hearing test function output. A hearing test function mayinclude, for example, one or more conversation hearing test functionssuch as one or more tests of an individual's ability to detectconversation, for example in a virtual world and/or an artificialsensory experience scenario. An example of a hearing test function mayinclude a gross hearing assessment of an individual's ability to hearsounds. This may be done by simply presenting sounds to the individualor determining if the individual can hear sounds presented to each ofthe ears. For example, at least one hearing test device may vary volumesettings or sound frequency over time to test an individual's hearing.For example, a mobile phone device or other communication device maycarry out various hearing test functions. Altered hearing ability mayindicate efficacy of and/or a desired effect of a bioactive agent whileexperiencing an artificial sensory experience.

In one embodiment, test function output measurer module 3352 may measuremeasuring hearing test function output. A voice test function mayinclude, for example, one or more voice test functions. An example of avoice test function may be a measure of symmetrical elevation of thepalate when the user says “aah” or a test of the gag reflex. A voicetest function may monitor user voice frequency or volume data during,for example, gaming, such as a virtual world, an artificial sensoryexperience, videoconferencing, speech recognition software use, ormobile phone use. A voice test function may assess an individual'sability to make simple sounds or to say words, for example, consistentlywith an established voice pattern for the individual. An abnormal oraltered voice may indicate efficacy of and/or a desired effect of abioactive agent while experiencing an artificial sensory experience.

In some instances, test function output measurer module 3352 may includea computer processor and/or medical instrumentality, such as thatdescribed in the above paragraphs. One skilled in the art may select,establish or determine an appropriate pupil movement test function formonitoring a desired bioactive agent effect. Test function sets and testfunctions may be chosen by one skilled in the art based on knowledge,direct experience, or using available resources such as websites,textbooks, journal articles, or the like. An example of a relevantwebsite can be found in the online Merck Manual athttp://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec06/ch077/ch077c.html#tb077_(—)1. Examplesof relevant textbooks include Patten, J. P., “Neurological DifferentialDiagnosis,” Second Ed., Springer-Verlag, London, 2005; Kasper,Braunwald, Fauci, Hauser, Longo, and Jameson, “Harrison's Principles ofInternal Medicine,” 16th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2005; Greenberg, M.S., “Handbook of Neurosurgery,” 6th Ed., Thieme, Lakeland, 2006; andVictor, M., and Ropper, A. H., “Adams and Victor's Principles ofNeurology,” 7th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2001.

Operation 4204 illustrates measuring body movement test function outputor motor skill test function output. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32Athrough 33, test function output measurer module 3352 may measure bodymovement test function output or motor skill test function output. Anexample of a body movement test function may include prompting anindividual 134 to activate or click a specific area on a display totest, for example, arm movement, hand movement, or other body movementor motor skill function. Another example is visual tracking of anindividual's body, for example during an artificial sensory experience,wherein changes in facial movement, limb movement, or other bodymovements are detectable. A further example is testing an individual'sability to move while using a game controller in an artificial sensoryexperience containing an accelerometer, for example, the Wii remote thatis used for transmitting an individual's movement data to a computingdevice. A body movement test function may perform gait analysis, forexample, in the context of video monitoring of the user. A body movementtest function may also include a test function of fine movements of thehands and feet. Rapid alternating movements, such as wiping one palmalternately with the palm and dorsum of the other hand, may be tested aswell. A common test of coordination is the finger-nose-finger test, inwhich the user is asked to alternately touch their nose and anexaminer's finger as quickly as possible. Alternatively, testing of finemovements of the hands may be tested by measuring an individual'sability to make fine movements of a cursor on a display. To test theaccuracy of movements in a way that requires very little strength, anindividual may be prompted to repeatedly touch a line drawn on thecrease of the individual's thumb with the tip of their forefinger;alternatively, an individual may be prompted to repeatedly touch anobject on a touchscreen display. Abnormalities and/or alterations ofbody movement may indicate the efficacy of and/or a desired effect of abioactive agent while experiencing an artificial sensory experience.

A motor skill test function may include, for example, one or moredeliberate body movement test functions such as one or more tests of anindividual's ability to move an object, including objects on a display,e.g., a cursor. An example of a motor skill test function may be ameasure of an individual's ability to perform a physical task. A motorskill test function may measure, for example, an individual's ability totraverse a path on a display in straight line with a pointing device, totype a certain sequence of characters without error, or to type acertain number of characters without repetition. For example, a slowedcursor on a display may indicate a desired effect of a bioactivemedication, such as an antianxiety medication. An antianxiety medicationmay work to calm an individual resulting in a slowed response time and aslowed cursor on a display and indicating a desired effect of abioactive agent. Alternatively, an individual may be prompted to switchtasks, for example, to alternately type some characters using a keyboardand click on some target with a mouse. If a user has a motor skilldeficiency, she may have difficulty stopping one task and starting theother task indicating a desired effect of a bioactive agent during anartificial sensory experience. In some instances, test function outputmeasurer module 3352 may include a computer processor, computerequipment, such as a touch screen display, and/or medicalinstrumentality, such as that described in the above paragraphs.

Operation 4206 illustrates recording at least one monitored effect ofthe bioactive agent. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32A through 33,effect recorder module 3354 may record at least one monitored effect ofthe bioactive agent. Recording a monitored effect may include capturingdata including the monitored effect to a record, or a format stored on astorage medium. In one embodiment, effect recorder module 3354 mayrecord body movement test function output onto a hard disk drive. Otherexamples of a record and/or storage medium may include flash memorydevices, a tape drive, circuitry with non-volatile and/or volatile RAM,an optical disc, for example a CD and/or DVD, and/or a paper record,such as a collection of printed spreadsheets and/or other lists of data.In an additional embodiment, effect recorder module 3354 may record amonitored effect by utilizing data acquisition software. Furtherdiscussion of data acquisition may be found in Green, T. et al.,PC-Based Medical Data Acquisition and Analysis, cbms, p. 0159, EIGHTHIEEE SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTER-BASED MEDICAL SYSTEMS (CBMS95), 1995, whichis incorporated herein by reference. In some instances, effect recordermodule 3354 may include a computer processor and/or other data logginginstrumentation, such as NI CompactDAQ hardware, available from NationalInstruments, Austin, Tex.(http://www.ni.com/dataacquisition/compactdaq/).

FIG. 43 illustrates an operational flow 4300 representing exampleoperations related to accepting at least one indication of a bioactiveagent use by an individual; assigning an artificial sensory experienceto monitor at least one desired effect of the bioactive agent on theindividual; and reporting at least one monitored effect. FIG. 43illustrates an example embodiment where the example operational flow3400 of FIG. 34 may include at least one additional operation.Additional operations may include an operation 4310, an operation 4312,an operation 4314, an operation 4316, an operation 4318, and/or anoperation 4320.

After a start operation, operation 3410, and operation 3420, theoperational flow 4300 moves to operation 4310. Operation 4310illustrates reporting at least one monitored effect. For example, asshown in FIGS. 32A through 33, reporter module 3356 may report at leastone monitored effect. Reporting may include relating or passing oninformation, and/or describing a monitored effect status. In oneembodiment, reporter module 3356 may report acquired data including amonitored effect of an antidepressant, such as a heart rate, while anindividual 134 is experiencing an artificial sensory experience, such asthe social networking site MySpace with a brightened lighting scheme. Inthis embodiment, acquired data including an increased heart rate may bereported to a medical professional administering the artificial sensoryexperience to the individual 134 by giving the acquired data in the formof a CD. One example regarding a clinical information reporting systemmay be found in Selker, U.S. Pat. No. 5,277,188, which is incorporatedherein by reference. In some instances, reporter module 3356 may includea computer processor.

Operation 4312 illustrates reporting to at least one of a medicalprofessional or a research institution. For example, as shown in FIGS.32A through 33, third party reporter module 3360 may report a monitoredeffect to a medical professional, such as a family physician. A medicalprofessional may include at least one person, agency, department, unit,subcontractor, and/or other entity that delivers a health-relatedservice. Some examples of a medical professional may include aphysician, a nurse, a psychiatrist, a clinical social worker, a clinicalpsychologist, support staff, a pharmacist, a therapist, a hospital,and/or a medical insurance professional. In another embodiment, thirdparty reporter module 3360 may report to a research institution. Aresearch institution may include a research laboratory, an academicinstitution, a private research institution, and/or a commercial entity.Some examples of a research institution may include Oregon Health &Science University (OHSU), Bell Laboratories, SRI International, BostonBiomedical Research Institute (BBRI), and/or the National Institutes ofHealth (NIH). In one embodiment, data may be reported to a healthclinic, which is further discussed in Selker, U.S. Pat. No. 5,277,188.In some instances, third party reporter module 3360 may include acomputer processor and/or a communications link.

Operation 4314 illustrates reporting to at least one of a third partyaccount or a law enforcement agency. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32Athrough 33, third party reporter module 3360 may report to a third partyaccount. A third party may include a person, organization, and/or entitynot actively involved in the current method. A third party account mayinclude, for example, an account granting access to a third party byinputting a user name, password, and/or some other identifyinginformation, such as an account number. Some examples of a third partyaccount may include a gaming account, such as a World of Warcraftaccount, a website account, such as a personal and/or secured websitewhere data may be uploaded or accessed, and/or an account on a networkedcomputer, such as a ftp server account. In one specific embodiment,third party reporter module 3360 may report acquired data, such as atleast one monitored effect of an antianxiety medication, to a World ofWarcraft account, which in turn, for example, may be configured tomodify an element of an artificial sensory experience.

In another embodiment, third party reporter module 3360 may report to alaw enforcement agency, such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation(FBI). A law enforcement agency may include an agency and/or agencyrepresentative directly and/or indirectly responsible for enforcing thelaw of a governing body. Some examples of Law enforcement agencies mayinclude the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the New York CityPolice Department, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), a countysheriff's department and/or a local police detective. In some instances,third party reporter module 3360 may include a computer processor and/ora communications link.

Operation 4316 illustrates reporting compliance data. For example, asshown in FIGS. 32A through 33, compliance data reporter module 3362 mayreport compliance data. Compliance data may include data demonstratingadherence to a standard or a regulation, such as, for example,compliance to a physician's prescription. In one embodiment, compliancedata reporter module 3362 may report whether individual 134 has compliedwith a physician's prescription to take an antidepressant by correlatingthe amount of activity in an artificial sensory experience, such as anamount of avatar interaction by individual 134 in the virtual worldSecond Life, with efficacy of the antidepressant. In the currentembodiment, a decreased amount of activity by individual 134 in SecondLife may indicate noncompliance with the physician's prescription basedon a tendency to be less active socially when depressed. The data,including the indication of noncompliance, may be then reported to aninterested party. In some instances, compliance data reporter module3362 may include a computer processor.

Operation 4318 illustrates selectively reporting at least one monitoredeffect. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32A through 33, selectivereporter module 3370 may selectively report at least one monitoredeffect. Selective reporting may include limiting and/or blocking accessof monitoring results to a specific party. For example, selectivereporter module 3370 may report to a physician and not report to theindividual 134. Selective reporter module 3370, for example, may reportto only a third party. In another example, selective reporter module3370 may report results only to individual 134. In one embodiment,selective reporter module 3370 may report to a law enforcement agencybut not to an individual 134 data indicating the use of an illegalsubstance. In some instances, selective reporter module 3370 may includea computer processor.

Operation 4320 illustrates reporting to a health care provider but notto the individual. For example, as shown in FIGS. 32A through 33,selective reporter module 3370 may report to a health care provider butnot to the individual. A health care provider may include a hospital, adoctor, a nurse, a medical clinic, a dentist, and/or any provider ofpreventive, diagnostic, therapeutic, rehabilitative, maintenance, orpalliative care and/or counseling. Additionally, a healthcare providermay include a seller and/or dispenser of prescription drugs or medicaldevices. In one embodiment, selective reporter module 3370 may report toa physician and a hospital results from administering an antidepressantto an individual 134, assigning time spent on a social networkingwebsite, and monitoring the intensity of a desired effect of thebioactive agent on the individual 134, such as an increased disposition.In the current embodiment, an increased disposition may indicate that anantidepressant medication is effective when coupled with the socialnetworking website. In some instances, compliance data reporter module3362 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 44 illustrates an operational flow 4400 representing exampleoperations related to accepting at least one indication of a bioactiveagent use by an individual; assigning an artificial sensory experienceto monitor at least one desired effect of the bioactive agent on theindividual; and predicting at least one effect of the bioactive agentwhen combined with the artificial sensory experience. FIG. 44illustrates an example embodiment where the example operational flow3400 of FIG. 34 may include at least one additional operation.Additional operations may include an operation 4410, an operation 4412,and/or an operation 4414.

After a start operation, operation 3410, and operation 3420, theoperational flow 4400 moves to operation 4410. Operation 4410illustrates predicting at least one effect of the bioactive agent whencombined with the artificial sensory experience. For example, as shownin FIGS. 32A through 33, predictor module 3364 may predict an effect ofthe bioactive agent, such as a higher Wii game score after beingadministered an antidepressant medication, when combined with theartificial sensory experience, such as a Wii sports game. Predicting aneffect may, for example, include utilizing a mathematical model,prediction software, an algorithm, and/or a statistical model. In oneembodiment, predictor module 3364 may predict a decrease in activity inan artificial sensory experience, such as troll-killing in World ofWarcraft, when an individual 134 is administered a bioactive agent, suchas an antianxiety medication. In the current embodiment, predictormodule 3364 may arrive at a certain prediction by utilizing empiricaldata and comparing the empirical data with characteristics of theindividual 134. Other examples of prediction may be found in Jokiniitty,J. M. et al., Prediction of blood pressure level and need forantihypertensive medication: 10 years of follow-up, J HYPERTENSION,19(7):1193-201 (2001); Yamada, K. et al., Prediction of medicationnoncompliance in outpatients with schizophrenia: 2-year follow-up study,PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH, 141(1):61-69 (2004); and Parker, G. et al.,Prediction of response to antidepressant medication by a sign-basedindex of melancholia, AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY,27(1):56-61 (1993); each being incorporated herein by reference. In someinstances, predictor module 3364 may include a computer processor.

Operation 4412 illustrates predicting an effect of the artificialsensory experience on the efficacy of the bioactive agent. For example,as shown in FIGS. 32A through 33, effect predictor module 3366 maypredict an effect of the artificial sensory experience, such as abackground color modification and the addition of calming music, on theefficacy of the bioactive agent. In one embodiment, effect predictormodule 3366 may predict that the addition of uptempo music and brightbackground colors to a social networking website enhances the efficacyof an antidepressant. Effect predictor module 3366 may predict whetheran artificial sensory experiment effect improves and/or decreases abioactive agent efficacy by utilizing and comparing empirical data andcharacteristics of an individual 134, as described above. Furtherdiscussion of music effects may be found in Schellenberg, E. G. et al.,Exposure to music and cognitive performance: tests of children andadults, PSYCHOLOGY OF MUSIC, Vol. 35, No. 1, 5-19 (2007), incorporatedherein by reference. Discussion regarding the effects of color and/orlight on nonvisual psychological processes may be found in Knez, Effectsof colour of light on nonvisual psychological processes, JOURNAL OFENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY, 21(2):201-208 (2001); M. R Basso Jr.,Neurobiological relationships between ambient lighting and the startleresponse to acoustic stress in humans, INT J NEUROSCI., 110(3-4):147-57(2001), and Lam et al., The Can-SAD Study: a randomized controlled trialof the effectiveness of light therapy and fluoxetine in patients withwinter seasonal affective disorder, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY,163(5):805-12 (2006), each incorporated by reference.

Other methods for predicting an effect of the artificial sensoryexperience on the efficacy of the bioactive agent may include trendestimation, regression analysis, and or data extrapolation. In oneembodiment, effect predictor module 3366 may utilize trend estimation topredict an effect of the artificial sensory experience, such as a snowyenvironment in a virtual world, on the efficacy of the bioactive agent,such as an analgesic. Trend estimation may include the application ofstatistics to make predictions about trends in data using previouslymeasured data utilizing methods which may include, for example, themethod of least squares, an R-squared fit, and a trend plus noisemethod. An additional example may be found in Greenland, S. et al.,Methods for Trend Estimation from Summarized Dose-Response Data, withApplications to Meta-Analysis, AM. J. EPIDEMIOL., 135(11):1301-09(1992), which is incorporated herein by reference.

In another embodiment, effect predictor module 3366 may utilizeregression analysis to predict an effect of the artificial sensoryexperience, such as a snowy environment in a virtual world, on theefficacy of the bioactive agent, such as an analgesic. Regressionanalysis may include statistical technique for determining the best,mathematical expression describing the functional relationship betweenone response, such as efficacy of the bioactive agent, and one or moreindependent variables, for example, an effect of the artificial sensoryexperience. A further discussion of regression analysis may be found inMatthews D. E. and Farewell V. T., Using and Understanding MedicalStatistics, Basel, S. Karger A. G., 2007, which is incorporated hereinby reference.

In another embodiment, effect predictor module 3366 may utilize dataextrapolation to predict an effect of the artificial sensory experience,such as a snowy environment in a virtual world, on the efficacy of thebioactive agent, for example an analgesic. Data extrapolation mayinclude the process of constructing new data points outside a discreteset of known data points. For example, a bioagent's efficacy may bepredicted by using and/or comparing previous measurements of anartificial sensory experience effect on a bioagent's efficacy using apopulation with similar characteristics as individual 134. One exampleusing a data extrapolation algorithm may be found in Smith, M. R., etal., A data extrapolation algorithm using a complex domainneuralnetwork, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II: ANALOG ANDDIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING, 44(2):143-47 (1997), which is incorporatedherein by reference. In some instances, effect predictor module 3366 mayinclude a computer processor.

Operation 4414 illustrates predicting a behavioral response. Forexample, as shown in FIGS. 32A through 33, behavioral response predictormodule 3368 may predict a behavioral response. In one embodiment,behavioral response predictor module 3368 may predict an increased scorein an artificial sensory experience, such as a Wii Sports game, when anindividual is administered an antidepressant. In this embodiment, theadministration of an antidepressant may serve to heighten the mood of anindividual 134 and increase a desire to be competitive whileexperiencing an artificial sensory experience. Behavioral responsepredictor module 3368 may predict using methods described above, such asusing empirical data and regression analysis, trend estimation, and ordata extrapolation. Other examples of a behavioral response may includea lack of ability to concentrate while experiencing acute stress and/orflinching when exposed to a loud sound and/or loud acoustics. In someinstances, behavioral response predictor module 3368 may include acomputer processor.

FIG. 45 illustrates an operational flow 3400 representing exampleoperations related to accepting at least one indication of a bioactiveagent use by an individual and assigning an artificial sensoryexperience to monitor at least one desired effect of the bioactive agenton the individual. FIG. 45 illustrates an example embodiment where theexample operational flow 3400 of FIG. 34 may include at least oneadditional operation. Additional operations may include an operation4510.

After a start operation, the operational flow 3400 moves to operation4510. Operation 4510 illustrates accepting an indication of antianxietymedication use by an individual and assigning a virtual game to monitorat least one of a response time or a reduced response time. For example,as shown in FIGS. 32A through 33, accepter module 102 and assignermodule 3334 may accept an indication of antianxiety medication use by anindividual, such as an input from a physician indicating the antianxietymedication has been administered and is bioactive, and assign a virtualgame, such as World of Warcraft, to monitor a response time by comparingand/or analyzing an amount of activity by the individual's avatar (e.g.troll killing). In some instances, accepter module 102 and/or assignermodule 3334 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 46 illustrates a partial view of an example computer programproduct 4600 that includes a computer program 4604 for executing acomputer process on a computing device. An embodiment of the examplecomputer program product 4600 is provided using a signal-bearing mediumbearing 4602, and may include one or more instructions for accepting atleast one indication of a bioactive agent use by an individual and oneor more instructions for assigning an artificial sensory experience tomonitor at least one desired effect of the bioactive agent on theindividual. The one or more instructions may be, for example, computerexecutable and/or logic-implemented instructions. In one implementation,the signal-bearing medium 4602 may include a computer-readable medium4606. In one implementation, the signal bearing medium 4602 may includea recordable medium 4608. In one implementation, the signal bearingmedium 4602 may include a communications medium 4610.

FIG. 47 illustrates an example system 4700 in which embodiments may beimplemented. The system 4700 includes a computing system environment.The system 4700 also illustrates the user 118 using a device 4704, whichis optionally shown as being in communication with a computing device4702 by way of an optional coupling 4706. The optional coupling 4706 mayrepresent a local, wide-area, or peer-to-peer network, or may representa bus that is internal to a computing device (e.g., in exampleembodiments in which the computing device 4702 is contained in whole orin part within the device 4704). A storage medium 4708 may be anycomputer storage media.

The computing device 4702 includes computer-executable instructions 4710that when executed on the computing device 4702 cause the computingdevice 4702 to accept at least one indication of bioactive agent use byan individual and assign an artificial sensory experience to monitor atleast one desired effect of the bioactive agent on the individual. Asreferenced above and as shown in FIG. 47, in some examples, thecomputing device 4702 may optionally be contained in whole or in partwithin the device 4704.

In FIG. 47, then, the system 4700 includes at least one computing device(e.g., 4702 and/or 4704). The computer-executable instructions 4710 maybe executed on one or more of the at least one computing device. Forexample, the computing device 4702 may implement the computer-executableinstructions 4710 and output a result to (and/or receive data from) thecomputing device 4704. Since the computing device 4702 may be wholly orpartially contained within the computing device 4704, the device 4704also may be said to execute some or all of the computer-executableinstructions 4710, in order to be caused to perform or implement, forexample, various ones of the techniques described herein, or othertechniques.

The device 4704 may include, for example, a portable computing device,workstation, or desktop computing device. In another example embodiment,the computing device 4702 is operable to communicate with the device4704 associated with the user 118 to receive information about the inputfrom the user 118 for performing data access and data processing andpresenting an output of the user-health test function at least partlybased on the user data.

Although a user 118 is shown/described herein as a single illustratedfigure, those skilled in the art will appreciate that a user 118 may berepresentative of a human user, a robotic user (e.g., computationalentity), and/or substantially any combination thereof (e.g., a user maybe assisted by one or more robotic agents). In addition, a user 118, asset forth herein, although shown as a single entity may in fact becomposed of two or more entities. Those skilled in the art willappreciate that, in general, the same may be said of “sender” and/orother entity-oriented terms as such terms are used herein.

FIG. 48A illustrates system 4800 for accepting at least one indicationof a bioactive agent use by an individual, assigning an artificialsensory experience to monitor at least one side effect of the bioactiveagent on the individual, reporting at least one monitored side effect,and/or predicting at least one side effect of the bioactive agent whencombined with the artificial sensory experience. The system 4800 mayinclude acceptor module 102, assigner module 3334, monitoring unit 3202,reporter module 3356, predictor module 3364, and/or administration unit3222. Administration unit 3214 may include physical interventioneffector module 3224 and/or artificial sensory experience effectormodule 3226. Monitoring unit 3202 may include drug sensing unit 3204,physiologic activity monitor 3206, brain activity measurement unit 3208,behavior monitor 3210, instrumentation monitor 3212, compliancereporting unit 3214, voice response module 3216, hearing test module3218, and/or scale 3220.

FIG. 49B illustrates system 4800 for accepting at least one indicationof a bioactive agent use by an individual, assigning an artificialsensory experience to monitor at least one side effect of the bioactiveagent on the individual, reporting at least one monitored side effect,and/or predicting at least one side effect of the bioactive agent whencombined with the artificial sensory experience. The system 4800 mayinclude acceptor module 102, assigner module 3334, monitoring unit 3202,reporter module 3356, predictor module 3364, and/or administration unit3222. Accepter module 102 may receive information and/or data from user118, database 122, and/or health care provider 136. Database 122 mayinclude medication database 124 and/or artificial sensory experiencedatabase 126. Monitoring unit 3202 may monitor individual 134 and mayinclude drug sensing unit 3204, physiologic activity monitor 3206, brainactivity measurement unit 3208, behavior monitor 3210, instrumentationmonitor 3212, compliance reporting unit 3214, voice response module3216, hearing test module 3218, and/or scale 3220. Administration unit3222 may include physical intervention effector module 3224 and/orartificial sensory experience effector module 3226. Additionally, mobiledevice 132 may communicate with acceptor module 102, assigner module3334, monitoring unit 3202, reporter module 3356, predictor module 3364,and/or administration unit 3222.

FIG. 50 further illustrates system 4800 including acceptor module 102,assigner module 3334, reporter module 3356, and/or predictor module3364. Acceptor module 102 may include bioactive agent identificationaccepter module 3304, substance abuse indication accepter module 3320,and/or nutraceutical identification accepter module 3324. Assignermodule 3334 may include sensate experience assigner module 3336,automated medical device receiver module 3340, monitorer module 3342,neurophysiological measurement monitorer module 3344, brain activitysurrogate marker measurer module 3348, near real time measurer module3350, test function output measurer module 3352, and/or effect recordermodule 3354. Sensate experience assigner module 3336 may includestimulus assigner module 5038. Neurophysiological measurement monitorermodule 3344 may include physiologic activity measurer module 3346.Reporter module 3356 may include third party reporter module 3360,compliance data reporter module 3362, and/or selective reporter module3370. Predictor module 3364 may include safety predictor module 5066and/or behavioral response predictor module 3368.

System 4800 generally represents instrumentality for accepting at leastone indication of a bioactive agent use by an individual, assigning anartificial sensory experience to monitor at least one side effect of thebioactive agent on the individual, reporting at least one monitored sideeffect, and/or predicting at least one side effect of the bioactiveagent when combined with the artificial sensory experience. Theoperations of accepting at least one indication of a bioactive agent useby an individual, assigning an artificial sensory experience to monitorat least one side effect of the bioactive agent on the individual,reporting at least one monitored side effect, and/or predicting at leastone side effect of the bioactive agent when combined with the artificialsensory experience may be accomplished electronically, such as with aset of interconnected electrical components, an integrated circuit,and/or a computer processor.

FIG. 51 illustrates an operational flow 5100 representing exampleoperations related to accepting at least one indication of a bioactiveagent use by an individual and assigning an artificial sensoryexperience to monitor at least one side effect of the bioactive agent onthe individual. In FIG. 51 and in following figures that include variousexamples of operational flows, discussion and explanation may beprovided with respect to the above-described examples of FIGS. 48through 50, and/or with respect to other examples and contexts. However,it should be understood that the operational flows may be executed in anumber of other environments and contexts, and/or in modified versionsof FIGS. 48 through 50. Also, although the various operational flows arepresented in the sequence(s) illustrated, it should be understood thatthe various operations may be performed in other orders than those whichare illustrated, or may be performed concurrently.

After a start operation, the operational flow 5100 moves to an operation5110. Operation 5110 depicts accepting at least one indication of abioactive agent use by an individual. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48Athrough 50, acceptor module 102 may accept at least one indication ofbioactive agent use by an individual 134. In one embodiment, acceptormodule 102 may accept an indication of opioid use by a specificindividual. A bioactive agent may include an agent that may have abiochemical and/or biological effect on any part of the human body. Anindication of bioactive agent use may include a showing of bioactiveagent use, such as the results of testing and/or input of at least onespecific bioactive agent from a user 118, such as a health care provider136. One example of a bioactive agent may include a pharmaceuticalagent, such as codeine and/or acetaminophen. Another example of abioactive agent may include a substance subject to abuse such as anillegal, controlled, and/or addictive substance, such asmethamphetamine, nicotine, and/or alcohol. Additionally, an indicationof a bioactive agent use may include a noticeable and/or detected effectassociated with the bioactive agent, such as a side effect, an adversedrug reaction, a desired effect, and/or an unintended therapeuticeffect. Accepting an indication of a bioactive agent use, for example,may include using a nanowire sensor for detecting the presence of abioactive agent as discussed in Patolsky, F. et al., Nanowire sensorsfor medicine and the life sciences, NANOMEDICINE, 1(1):51-65 (2006), orusing a wireless monitoring system as described in Xueliang, H. et al.,A Wireless Pharmaceutical Compliance Monitoring System Based onMagneto-Inductive Sensors, SENSORS JOURNAL, IEEE, 7(12):1711-19 (2007),each of which is incorporated herein by reference. In some instances,acceptor module 102 may include a computer processor.

Then, operation 5120 depicts assigning an artificial sensory experienceto monitor at least one side effect of the bioactive agent on theindividual. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50, assignermodule 3334 may assign an artificial sensory experience to monitor atleast one side effect of the bioactive agent on the individual.Assigning an artificial sensory experience may include designatingand/or specifying an artificial sensory experience tailored to the needof an individual 134, such as a patient in a doctor's care. Someexamples of an artificial sensory experience may include a virtualexperience, such as an online game or a social networking site, and/or areal-world sensory stimulus, such as a smell, a sound, and/or a sight. Aside effect may include a harmful and/or undesired effect resulting froma medication or other intervention. Some side effect examples mayinclude addiction, fever, headache, insomnia, drowsiness, nausea,irritability, and/or muscle aches. In one example, assigner module 3334may assign a virtual world or a modification to a virtual world, such asa modification to an online game such as World of Warcraft, to monitor aside effect of a specific administered medication, such as insomniacaused by a stimulant (e.g., Ritalin). In this example, the side effectmay be monitored based on a pattern of activity, such as aggression bythe character in the virtual world by individual 134 in eliminatingtrolls, length of play by individual 134, and/or advancement by theplayer's game character. Assigning may include searching a database 122and matching a bioactive agent with an appropriate artificial sensoryexperience while taking into account characteristics of the individual134, such as age, gender, susceptibility to adverse effects, and/ortherapeutic history. The assigning operation may entail merely theselection of a monitoring function to be carried out locally at thelocation of, for example, individual 134. In one embodiment, theselection of a monitoring function may be reported to a third partyand/or to the individual 134. In other embodiments, the assigningoperation may entail implementation of a monitoring function directly,either remotely or locally. For each artificial sensory experience, inaddition to therapeutic functions, monitoring functions may beimplemented, for example, as a modification to a virtual experiencecomputer program and/or through a separate monitoring function. In someembodiments, one or more stimuli in an artificial sensory experience mayelicit one or more reactions in an individual that may relate to aneffect of a bioactive agent. For example, assignment of a Wii fitnessvirtual experience to provide physical therapy may serve to monitor theeffectiveness of a coincident pain medication in the individual bymeasuring, for example, frequency of use, duration of use, range ofmotion, facial expression, or the like. Such monitoring capabilities maybe added as a software module to the Wii itself, for example, or themonitoring may be carried out by a different device. In some instances,assigner module 3334 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 52 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 5100 of FIG. 51. FIG. 52 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 5110 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 5202, an operation 5204, anoperation 5206, and/or an operation 5208.

Operation 5202 illustrates accepting an identification of at least onebioactive agent prescribed for the individual. For example, as shown inFIGS. 48A through 50, bioactive agent identification acceptor module3304 may accept an identification of a bioactive agent, such as codeine,prescribed for the individual 134 from user 118 and user interface 116.User 118 may, for example, include a medical professional, such as aphysician. A prescribed medication may include a medicine that requiresa physician's order for its use. Some examples of a prescribedmedication may include Xanax®, Lipitor®, hydrocodone, and/or diazepam.In some instances, bioactive agent identification acceptor module 3304may include a computer processor.

Further, operation 5204 illustrates accepting an identification of atleast one of an anti-depressant, an anxiolytic medication, a painmedication, a behavior modifying medication, a weight adjustment drug,an anti-Alzheimer's medication, or an anti-stroke medication as the atleast one bioactive agent. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48A through50, bioactive agent identification acceptor module 3304 may accept anidentification of at least one of an anti-depressant, an anxiolyticmedication, a pain medication, a behavior modifying medication, a weightadjustment drug, an anti-Alzheimer's medication, or an anti-strokemedication as the at least one medication. In one example, bioactiveagent identification acceptor module 3304 may accept an identificationof a pain medication from user 118 and memory device 112. Accepting anidentification of at least one bioactive agent may include using a drugsensor, such as those described above. An anti-depressant may include apsychiatric medication or other substance, such as a nutrient or herb,used for alleviating depression or dysthymia. Some examples of ananti-depressant may include fluoxetine and/or sertraline. An anxiolyticmedication may include a substance used for the treatment of anxiety,such as a benzodiazepine and/or a barbiturate. A pain medication mayinclude any substance and/or drug used to relieve pain, such as ananalgesic. Some examples of an analgesic may include narcotics such asmorphine or oxycodone, non-narcotics, an NSAID such as aspirin ornaproxen or ibuprofen, and/or acetaminophen. A behavior modifyingmedication may include a substance used for preventing or reducingbehavior associated with attention-deficit disorder (ADD) and/orattention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Additional behaviormodifying medications may include medications used to treat attentiondeficiency, hyperactivity, attachment disorders, associative disorders,oppositional defiant disorder, aggression, and/or autistic spectrumdisorders. Some examples of a behavior modifying medication may includemethylphenidate, dextroamphetamine, and/or mixed amphetamine salts. Aweight adjustment drug may include a drug and/or supplement used fordecreasing appetite, increasing appetite and/or muscle mass, blockingfat absorption, and/or decreasing stomach volume. Some examples of aweight adjustment drug may include anabolic steroids, Megastrol (e.g.,often used for patients with cancer that lose too much weight), DHEA,pregnenolone, orlistat, sibutramine, and/or melatonin. Ananti-Alzheimer's medication may include medication used for theprevention and/or management of Alzheimer's disease. Some examples of ananti-Alzheimer's medication may include memantine, donepezil,galantamine, and/or rivastigmine. An anti-stroke medication may includemedication used for preventing and/or treating stroke and/or symptoms ofstroke. Some examples of anti-stroke medication may include aspirin,clopidogrel, and/or ticlopidine. In some instances, bioactive agentidentification acceptor module 3304 may include a computer processor.

Operation 5206 illustrates accepting an indication of a substancesubject to abuse used by the individual. For example, as shown in FIGS.48A through 50, substance abuse indication acceptor module 3320 mayaccept an identification of a substance subject to abuse used by theindividual. Some examples of a substance subject to abuse may include acontrolled substance, such as substances included in the ControlledSubstances Act (e.g., cannabis, heroin, cocaine, and/or hydrocodone),and/or other substances subject to abuse, such as alcohol, tobacco,glue, cough medicine, and/or solvents. In one instance, substance abuseindication acceptor module 3320 may accept an identification of cocaineuse by individual 134 from user 118 and network storage 110. Acontrolled substance may include a psychoactive drug or performanceenhancing drug used for a non-therapeutic or non-medical effect. Someother examples of a controlled substance may include amphetamines,barbiturates, benzodiazepines, methaqualone, and/or opium alkaloids. Insome instances, substance abuse indication acceptor module 3320 mayinclude a computer processor.

Further, operation 5208 illustrates accepting an indication of at leastone of alcohol use, psychoactive drug use, tranquilizer abuse,methamphetamine use, tobacco use, marijuana use, or narcotic use. Forexample, as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50, substance abuse indicationacceptor module 3320 may accept an indication of at least one of alcoholuse, psychoactive drug use, tranquilizer use, methamphetamine use,tobacco use, marijuana use, or narcotic use. In one embodiment,substance abuse indication acceptor module 3320 may accept an indicationof alcohol use and methamphetamine use from health care provider 136 anduser interface 116. In another embodiment, substance abuse indicationacceptor module 3320 may accept an indication of alcohol use from atransdermal alcohol sensing instrument. Accepting an indication ofalcohol use may include, for example, using a transdermal alcoholsensing instrument, further described in Bellehumeur, U.S. Pat. No.6,886,653, which is incorporated herein by reference. Other methods ofalcohol use detection may also be used, such as breathalyzer analysis,infrared spectroscopy, ethyl glucuronide analysis, speech analysis, bodycoordination analysis, or the like. Alcohol use may include alcoholabuse, alcohol dependence, alcoholism, and/or recreational alcoholconsumption. Tobacco use may include the use of and/or the addiction totobacco products including smoked and/or smokeless products, such ascigarette use and/or chewing tobacco use. Psychoactive drug use,tranquilizer use, methamphetamine use, marijuana use, and/or narcoticuse may include recreational drug and/or substance use and/or drugabuse. In some instances, substance abuse indication acceptor module3320 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 53 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 5100 of FIG. 51. FIG. 53 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 5110 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 5302, and/or an operation 5304.

Operation 5302 illustrates accepting an indication of nutraceutical useby the individual. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50,nutraceutical identification acceptor module 3324 may accept anidentification of a nutraceutical used by the individual 134. In oneinstance, nutraceutical identification acceptor module 3324 may acceptan identification of a soy-based isoflavonoid nutraceutical used by theindividual. A nutraceutical may refer to a food and/or a food extracthaving and/or claimed to have a medicinal effect on human health. Someexamples of a nutraceutical may include flavonoid antioxidants,alpha-linolenic acid from flax seeds, beta-carotene from marigoldpetals, anthocyanins from berries, ginseng, and/or garlic oil. In someinstances, nutraceutical identification acceptor module 3324 may includea computer processor and/or other sensor instrumentation, such as thenanowire discussed above.

Further, operation 5304 illustrates accepting an indication of at leastone of a memory supplement, an anti-oxidant, a cancer preventative, aweight adjustment agent, or a mood-changing agent. For example, as shownin FIGS. 48A through 50, nutraceutical identification acceptor module3324 may accept an identification of at least one of a memorysupplement, an anti-oxidant, a cancer preventative, a weight adjustmentagent, or a mood-changing agent from health care provider 136 and userinterface 116. In one instance, nutraceutical identification acceptormodule 3324 may accept an identification of an herbal memory supplementincluding ginkgo biloba. A memory supplement may include a substanceobtained from an animal and/or a plant source for maintaining and/orimproving memory, such as salvia lavandulaefolia and/or ginkgo biloba.An anti-oxidant may include a substance capable of slowing or preventingthe oxidation of other molecules and is purported to neutralizehazardous free-radicals within the body. Some examples of an antioxidantmay include ascorbic acid, glutathione, melatonin, and/or tocopherol. Acancer preventative may include a drug, a treatment, and/or substanceutilized for preventing the occurrence of and/or the progression ofcancer. Some examples of a cancer preventative may include acupuncture,all-trans retinoic acid, mistletoe derivatives, and/or lycopene. Aweight adjustment agent may include a drug and/or supplement used fordecreasing appetite, increasing appetite, increasing muscle mass,blocking fat absorption, and/or decreasing stomach volume. Some examplesof a weight adjustment agent may include DHEA, anabolic steroids,pregnenolone, orlistat, sibutramine, and/or melatonin. A mood-changingagent may include a psychiatric medication used to treat mood disorderscharacterized by intense and sustained mood shifts. Some examples of amood-changing agent may include lithium carbonate and/or lamotrigine. Insome instances, nutraceutical identification acceptor module 3324 mayinclude a computer processor and/or other sensor instrumentation, suchas the nanowire discussed above.

FIG. 54 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 5100 of FIG. 51. FIG. 54 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 5110 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 5402.

Operation 5402 illustrates accepting an indication of bioactive agentuse by at least one of a computer game participant, a social networkingtool user, a virtual world participant, an online student, an onlinemedical information user, or an on-line shopper. For example, as shownin FIGS. 48A through 50, bioactive agent identification acceptor module3304 may accept at least one indication of bioactive agent use by atleast one of a computer game participant, a social networking tool user,a virtual world participant, an online student, an online medicalinformation user, or an on-line shopper.

In one embodiment, bioactive agent identification acceptor module 3304may accept an indication of bioactive agent use by a virtual worldparticipant. In another instance, bioactive agent identificationacceptor module 3304 may accept an indication of bioactive agent use byan online student enrolled in an online college course through acommunity college. In another instance, bioactive agent identificationacceptor module 3304 may accept an indication of bioactive agent use byan online medical information user using a secure connection. Onlinecommunications may include private and/or confidential communicationsusing a secure method, such as a secure web browser and/or a secureinternet connection, for ensuring the privacy of a user and/orparticipant. A computer game may include an online game, an onlineeducational experience, a networked game, and/or a single-player game.Some examples of computer games may include World of Warcraft (WoW),solitaire, and/or RuneScape.

A social networking tool may include a website for observing and/orinteracting with one or more personal and/or professional relationshipsbetween individuals. Some examples of a social networking website mayinclude MySpace, GeoCities, Facebook, and/or LinkedIn. Some otherexamples of a social networking tool may include picture chat, a gamingdevice, and/or instant messaging (IM). Additionally, a social networkingtool user may include a social networking website user and/or users ofthe social networking tools mentioned herein. A virtual world mayinclude a computer-based simulated environment intended for its users toinhabit and interact via avatars, such as Second Life. An online studentmay be enrolled in and/or learn from an online educational experiencesuch as a tutorial, a lesson, and/or an online class. Some examples ofan online educational experience may include a HTML tutorial, an onlinepiano lesson, and/or an online degree program from the University ofPhoenix. Online medical information may include a website and/or adatabase, such as http://www.ncbi.nlm.gov/pubmed/, MEDLINE, MEDLARS,and/or http://www.webmd.com. An online shopper may shop at an internetmarketplace, such as eBay.com, Amazon.com, and/or Froogle.com. In someinstances, bioactive agent identification acceptor module 3304 mayinclude a computer processor and/or other sensor instrumentation, suchas the nanowire discussed above.

FIG. 55 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 5100 of FIG. 51. FIG. 55 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 5120 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 5502, an operation 5504, and/or anoperation 5506.

Operation 5502 illustrates assigning a sensate experience. For example,as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50, sensate experience assigner module3336 may assign a sensate experience as at least a portion of anartificial sensory experience, such as an aroma. A sensate experiencemay include experiencing a thing perceived by the senses, such as anaroma, a sound, a feel, a taste, and/or a sight. In some instances,sensate experience assigner module 3336 may include a computerprocessor.

Further, operation 5504 illustrates assessing at least one reaction toat least one of an olfactory stimulus, a haptic stimulus, a visualstimulus, an auditory stimulus, or a taste stimulus for monitoring theat least one side effect of the bioactive agent. For example, as shownin FIGS. 48A through 50, stimulus assigner module 5038 may assess atleast one reaction to an auditory stimulus, such as music with an upbeattempo, to monitor a side effect of the bioactive agent, such as anantidepressant. In this example, an assessment of an individual'sreaction to the auditory stimulus, such as attention, alertness, and/orreceptivity to the upbeat tempo music, may indicate a decrease indepression and may serve to monitor the antidepressant. Furtherdiscussion regarding an olfactory stimulus may be found in Shaw, D. etal., Anxiolytic effects of lavender oil inhalation on open-fieldbehaviour in rats, PHYTOMEDICINE, 14(9):613-20 (2007); Marlier, L. etal., Olfactory Stimulation Precents Apnea in Premature Newborns,PEDIATRICS, 115(1):83-88 (2005); and Murayama et al., U.S. Pat. No.6,282,458; each incorporated by reference. In one embodiment, stimulusassessor module 5038 may assess a reaction to a haptic stimulus, such astouching and detecting a rough friction-causing surface, in anindividual with a sensory deficit, such that detection of and/orreaction to the rough friction-causing surface indicates improvement ofthe sensory deficit. Detection of a rough surface combined withadministration of a bioactive agent, such as a growth factor proteinused for stimulating nerve regeneration, for example, may serve tomonitor an effect and/or efficacy of the bioactive agent in reducingand/or eliminating the sensory deficit. Further discussion regardinghuman perception of friction and growth factor proteins may be foundrespectively in Lawrence, D. A. et al., Human Perception of Friction inHaptic Interfaces, Human Perceptual Thresholds of Friction in HapticInterfaces, PROC. ASME DYNAMIC SYSTEMS AND CONTROL DIVISION, DSC-Vol.64, pp. 287-294, ASME INT. MECH. ENGR. CONG. & EXPO., Anaheim, Calif.,November 1998; and Washington University In St. Louis (2002, Jul. 26),New Horizons Of Nerve Repair: Biomedical Engineer Trips Up Proteins InNerve Regeneration System, SCIENCEDAILY. Retrieved Jul. 2, 2008, fromhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2002/07/020725082253.htm.; bothincorporated herein by reference. Further discussion regarding a hapticstimulus and/or an auditory stimulus may be found in Cahadas-Quesada, F.J. et al., Improvement of Perceived Stiffness Using Auditory Stimuli inHaptic Virtual Reality, IEEE MELECON, May 16-19, Benalmadena (Málaga)Spain; and Rizzo, A. et al., Virtual Therapeutic Environments withHaptics: An Interdisciplinary Approach for Developing Post-StrokeRehabilitation Systems, Proceedings of The 2005 International Conferenceon Computers for People with Special Needs, 70-76, CPSN 2005, Las Vegas,Nev., Jun. 20-23, 2005, both incorporated herein by reference. Assessingstimuli and/or a reaction to stimuli, such as an olfactory stimulus, ahaptic stimulus, a visual stimulus, an auditory stimulus, or a tastestimulus, may elicit reactions in the individual 134 that indicate atleast one side effect of the bioactive agent and may serve to monitorthe at least one side effect of the bioactive agent. In some instances,stimulus assigner module 5038 may include a computer processor.

Operation 5506 illustrates assigning an artificial sensory experienceimplemented on a mobile device. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48Athrough 50, assigner module 3334 may assign a bright background colortheme in a virtual world implemented on a mobile device 132, such as aweb browser on a laptop computer having wireless capability and abattery. In this example, assigning a bright background color theme on amobile device 132 combined with a bioactive agent, for example anantidepressant, may elicit a reaction by individual 134, such asincreased activity and less depressive behavior (e.g., more messageposting and less reclusive behavior while interacting with others on asocial networking website, such as MySpace.com) indicating an effect ofthe bioactive agent and serving to monitor an effect of the bioactiveagent. Some examples of a mobile device 132 may include a laptop ornotebook computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), an ipod, asmartphone, an Enterprise digital assistant (EDA), and/or a pager. Oneexample of a mobile device for use in a virtual environment may includemultiple access terminals and a removable memory card, further discussedin Viktorsson et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,397,080, which is incorporatedherein by reference. In some instances, assigner module 3334 may includea computer processor.

FIG. 56 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 5100 of FIG. 51. FIG. 56 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 5120 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 5602, an operation 5604, and/or anoperation 5606.

Operation 5602 illustrates receiving data from an automated medicaldevice. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50, automated medicaldevice receiver module 3340 may receive data from an automated medicaldevice, such as an electrocardiograph. An automated medical device mayinclude a medical monitor and/or a device that senses a patient's vitalsigns and communicates the results, such as to a monitor and/or a user118. Some examples of an automated medical device may include anelectrocardiograph, such as a Holter monitor, medical imaging machines,such as an ultrasound machine and/or a magnetic resonance imagingmachine, analysis instrumentation, such as a blood glucose meter, and/ora pulse oximeter. Other examples of an automated medical device mayinclude a pedometer, a heart rate monitor, a blood pressure monitor, abody-fat analyzer, and/or a neurophysiological monitor. Additionally, amulti-parameter automated medical device may simultaneously measureand/or track multiple vital signs. One example of an automated devicemay include a tele-medicine application, further described inJeanpierre, L. et al., Automated medical diagnosis with fuzzy stochasticmodels: monitoring chronic diseases, ACTA BIOTHERETICA, 52(4):291-311(2004), which is incorporated herein by reference. In some instances,automated medical device monitorer module 3340 may include a computerprocessor, a monitor coupled to a computer processor, and/or othermedical devices, such as those described above.

Operation 5604 illustrates assigning a virtual world, a modification toa virtual world, a computer game, a modification to a computer game, awebsite, a modification to a website, an online course, or amodification to an online course. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48Athrough 50, assigner module 3334 may assign a virtual world. A virtualworld may include a computer-based simulated environment intended forits users to inhabit and interact via avatars. Some examples of avirtual world may include a massively multiplayer online role-playinggame (MMORPG), such as World of Warcraft, a snow world, and/or simplevirtual geocaching, such as on Google Earth. In one embodiment, assignermodule 3334 may assign World of Warcraft as a virtual world. A computergame may include a video game and/or other software-based game executedon a personal computer, an arcade machine, and/or other video gameconsole. Some examples of a computer game may include Super Mario 64,World of Warcraft, and/or Guild Wars. A website may include a collectionof webpages, images, videos, and/or other digital assets hosted on atleast one webserver and may be accessible via the Internet. Someexamples of a website may include yahoo.com and/or MySpace.com.

In one embodiment, assigner module 3334 may assign the use of a websiteincluding Facebook.com. An online course may include an onlineeducational experience such as a tutorial, a lesson, and/or an onlineclass. Some examples of an online course may include a HTML tutorial, anonline piano lesson, and/or an online degree program from the Universityof Phoenix. In another embodiment, assigner module 3334 may assign anonline social skills tutorial to help an individual 134 overcome asocial phobia where the tutorial is coupled with a bioactive agent, suchas an antianxiety medication. Examples of a modification to a virtualworld, a computer game, a website, and/or an online course may includerestricting access, granting access, altering a visual object, alteringa color scheme, modifying text, and/or altering a sound, music, a voice,and/or ambient noise. In some instances, assigner module 3334 mayinclude a computer processor configured to match an artificial sensoryexperience with a bioactive agent based on the individual.

Operation 5606 illustrates monitoring at least one of physical activity,body weight, body mass index number, heart rate, blood oxygen level, orblood pressure temporally associated with an artificial sensoryexperience. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50, monitorermodule 3342 may monitor an individual's heart rate. Physical activitymay include any form of exercise, movement, and/or bodily activity. Someexamples of a physical activity may include exercise, body movement,walking, running, and/or muscle stretching. Monitoring physical activitymay include using a pedometer, an accelerometer, for example, availablefrom New-Lifestyles, Inc., Lee's Summit, Mo., and/or other devices, suchas actometers, further discussed in Zhang et al., Measurement of HumanDaily Physical Activity, OBESITY RESEARCH, 11(1):33-40 (2003), which isincorporated herein by reference.

Monitoring a body weight and/or a body mass index may include using ascale and/or a computing device. In one embodiment, monitorer module3342 may monitor a body mass index of an individual experiencing a WiiFitness game while being administered a weight loss medication by usinga scale 3220 coupled with a computer processor. In the same embodiment,scale 3220 and computer processor may constantly monitor the body massindex of the individual 134. Further, monitoring a heart rate mayinclude measuring work done by the heart, such as measuring beats perunit time and/or a pulse. Monitoring a blood oxygen level may includeutilizing a pulse oximeter and/or measuring oxygen saturation directlythrough a blood sample. Monitoring blood pressure may include utilizinga sphygmomanometer, which may be coupled to a computer processor orother monitoring device. Monitoring physical activity, a heart rate, ablood oxygen level, and/or blood pressure when an individual isexperiencing an artificial sensory experience may serve to determine theefficacy of a bioactive agent. For example, when an antianxietymedication is administered to an individual prior to and/or during anartificial sensory experience, such as a spider world designed toovercome a spider phobia, monitorer module 3342 may monitor a heart ratein order to determine whether the antianxiety medication is effective.In the above example, the individual's heart rate may decrease due to adecrease in anxiety as the antianxiety medication takes effect, whichmay indicate drug efficacy. Additionally, monitorer module 3342 maymonitor before, during, and/or after an individual experiences anartificial sensory experience. In some instances, monitorer module 3342may include a computer processor and/or medical instrumentation.

FIG. 57 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 5100 of FIG. 51. FIG. 57 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 5120 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 5702, and/or an operation 5704.

Operation 5702 illustrates monitoring a neurophysiological activity. Forexample, as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50, neurophysiologicalmeasurement monitorer module 3344 may monitor a neurophysiologicalmeasurement, such as, for example, a measurement of the activationsignal of muscles (electromyography) and/or the measurement oftranscranial magnetic stimulation. A neurophysiological measurement mayinclude a measurement of the brain, nervous system, and/orneuromonitoring. In some instances, neurophysiological measurementmonitorer module 3344 may include a computer processor and/or a medicaldevice, such as device configured to measure somatosensory evokedpotentials (SSEPs), auditory brainstem response (ABR), and/or scalpsensors used in electroencephalography (EEG).

Further, operation 5704 illustrates measuring at least one physiologicactivity using at least one of electroencephalography, computed axialtomography, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging,functional magnetic resonance imaging, functional near-infrared imaging,or magnetoencephalography. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48A through50, physiologic activity measurer module 3346 may measure at least onephysiologic activity using at least one of electroencephalography,computed axial tomography, positron emission tomography, magneticresonance imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, functionalnear-infrared imaging, or magnetoencephalography. In some instances,physiologic activity measurer module 3346 may include a computerprocessor, and/or a medical device, such as an apparatus configured toperform a computed axial tomography scan.

Electroencephalography may include measuring the electrical activity ofthe brain by recording from electrodes placed on the scalp or, inspecial cases, subdurally, or in the cerebral cortex. The resultingtraces are known as an electroencephalogram (EEG) and represent asummation of post-synaptic potentials from a large number of neurons.EEG is most sensitive to a particular set of post-synaptic potentials:those which are generated in superficial layers of the cortex, on thecrests of gyri directly abutting the skull and radial to the skull.Dendrites that are deeper in the cortex, inside sulci, are in midline ordeep structures (such as the cingulate gyrus or hippocampus) or thatproduce currents that are tangential to the skull make a smallercontribution to the EEG signal.

One application of EEG is event-related potential (ERP) analysis. An ERPis any measured brain response that is directly the result of a thoughtor perception. ERPs can be reliably measured usingelectroencephalography (EEG), a procedure that measures electricalactivity of the brain, typically through the skull and scalp. As the EEGreflects thousands of simultaneously ongoing brain processes, the brainresponse to a certain stimulus or event of interest is usually notvisible in the EEG. One of the most robust features of the ERP responseis a response to unpredictable stimuli. This response is known as theP300 (P3) and manifests as a positive deflection in voltageapproximately 300 milliseconds after the stimulus is presented.

A two-channel wireless brain wave monitoring system powered by athermo-electric generator has been developed by IMEC (InteruniversityMicroelectronics Centre, Leuven, Belgium). This device uses the bodyheat dissipated naturally from the forehead as a means to generate itselectrical power. The wearable EEG system operates autonomously with noneed to change or recharge batteries. The EEG monitor prototype iswearable and integrated into a headband where it consumes 0.8milliwatts. A digital signal processing block encodes extracted EEGdata, which is sent to a PC via a 2.4-GHz wireless radio link. Thethermoelectric generator is mounted on the forehead and converts theheat flow between the skin and air into electrical power. The generatoris composed of 10 thermoelectric units interconnected in a flexible way.At room temperature, the generated power is about 2 to 2.5-mW or 0.03-mWper square centimeter, which is the theoretical limit of powergeneration from the human skin. Such a device is proposed to associateemotion with EEG signals. See Clarke, “IMEC has a brain wave: feed EEGemotion back into games,” EE Times online,http://www.eetimes.eu/design/202801063 (Nov. 1, 2007).

Computed axial tomography may include medical imaging employingtomography and digital geometry processing for generating athree-dimensional image of the inside of an object from a large seriesof two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation.Positron emission tomography may include a nuclear medicine imagingtechnique, which produces a three-dimensional image and/or map of atleast one functional process in the body. The system detects pairs ofgamma rays emitted indirectly by a positron-emitting radionuclide (atracer), which is introduced into the body on a biologically activemolecule. Images of tracer concentration in 3-dimensional space withinthe body may then be reconstructed by computer analysis. Magneticresonance imaging may include a medical imaging technique using amagnetic field to align the nuclear magnetization of hydrogen atoms inwater in the body, resulting in an image of the body. Functionalmagnetic resonance imaging may include and imaging method for measuringhaemodynamic response related to neural activity in the brain or spinalcord. Functional near-infrared imaging (fNIR) may include aspectroscopic neuro-imaging method for measuring the level of neuronalactivity in the brain. Functional near-infrared imaging (fNIR) is basedon neuro-vascular coupling, or the relationship between metabolicactivity and oxygen level (oxygenated hemoglobin) in feeding bloodvessels.

Magnetoencephalography includes measuring the magnetic fields producedby electrical activity in the brain using magnetometers such assuperconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) or other devices.Smaller magnetometers are in development, including a mini-magnetometerthat uses a single milliwatt infrared laser to excite rubidium in thecontext of an applied perpendicular magnetic field. The amount of laserlight absorbed by the rubidium atoms varies predictably with themagnetic field, providing a reference scale for measuring the field. Thestronger the magnetic field, the more light is absorbed. Such a systemis currently sensitive to the 70 fT range, and is expected to increasein sensitivity to the 10 fT range. See Physorg.com, “New mini-sensor mayhave biomedical and security applications,” Nov. 1, 2007,http://www.physorg.com/news13151078.html, which is incorporated hereinby reference.

FIG. 58 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 5100 of FIG. 51. FIG. 58 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 5120 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 5802, an operation 5804, and/or anoperation 5806.

Operation 5802 illustrates measuring at least one brain activitysurrogate marker. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50, brainactivity surrogate marker measurer module 3348 may measure a brainactivity surrogate marker. In some instances, brain activity surrogatemarker measurer module 3348 may include a computer processor and/ormedical instrumentality configured to measure a surrogate marker, suchas a stethoscope, a face recognition system, and/or a sphygmomanometer.Brain activity surrogate markers may include indicators of attention,approval, disapproval, recognition, cognition, memory, trust, or thelike in response to a stimulus, other than measurement of brain activityassociated with the stimulus. Some examples of surrogate markers mayinclude a skin response to a stimulus; a face pattern indicative ofapproval, disapproval, or emotional state; eye movements or pupilmovements indicating visual attention to an object; voice stresspatterns indicative of a mental state, or the like. Surrogate markersmay be used in conjunction with brain activity measurements for higherconfidence in a predictive or interpretational outcome. For example,brain activation of the caudate nucleus in combination with calm voicepatterns may increase confidence in a predictor of trust between asubject and a stimulus. Additional discussion regarding surrogatemarkers may be found in Cohn, J. N., Introduction to Surrogate Markers,CIRCULATION 109: IV20-21, American Heart Association, (2004), which isincorporated herein by reference.

For example, emotion links to cognition, motivation, memory,consciousness, and learning and developmental systems. Affectivecommunication depends on complex, rule-based systems with multiplechannels and redundancy built into the exchange system, in order tocompensate if one channel fails. Channels can include all five senses:for example, increased heart-rate or sweating may show tension oragitation and can be heard, seen, touched, smelt or tasted. Emotionalexchanges may be visible displays of body tension or movement, gestures,posture, facial expressions or use of personal space; or audibledisplays such as tone of voice, choice of pitch contour, choice ofwords, speech rate, etc. Humans also use touch, smell, adornment,fashion, architecture, mass media, and consumer products to communicateour emotional state. Universals of emotion that cross culturalboundaries have been identified, and cultural differences have also beenidentified. For example ‘love’ is generally categorized as a positiveemotion in Western societies, but in certain Eastern cultures there isalso a concept for ‘sad love.’ Accordingly, universal emotional triggersmay be used to transcend cultural barriers.

When communicating with computers, people often treat new media as ifthey were dealing with real people. They often follow complex socialrules for interaction and modify their communication to suit theirperceived conversation partner. Much research has focused on the use offacial actions and ways of coding them. Speech recognition systems havealso attracted attention as they grow in capability and reliability, andcan recognize both verbal messages conveyed by spoken words, and nonverbal messages, such as those conveyed by pitch contours.

System responses and means of expressing emotions also vary. Innovativeprototypes are emerging designed to respond indirectly, so the user isrelatively unaware of the response: for example by adaptation ofmaterial, such as changing pace or simplifying or expanding content.Other systems use text, voice technology, visual agents, or avatars tocommunicate. See Axelrod et al., “Smoke and Mirrors: Gathering UserRequirements for Emerging Affective Systems,” 26th Int. Conf.Information Technology Interfaces/TI 2004, Jun. 7-10, 2004, Cavtat,Croatia, pp. 323-328, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Further, operation 5804 illustrates measuring at least one of irisdilation or constriction, gaze tracking, skin response, or voiceresponse. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50, brain activitysurrogate marker measurer module 3348 may measure voice response ofindividual 134. In some instances, brain activity surrogate markermeasurer module 3348 may include a computer processor and/or medicalinstrumentality, such as a stethoscope and/or a sphygmomanometer. In oneembodiment, brain activity surrogate marker measurer module 3348 mayrecord changes in the movement of an individual's iris (withcorresponding changes in the size of the pupil) before, during, and/orafter administration of a bioactive agent and/or an artificial sensoryexperience. Such measurements of physiologic activity that indicatebrain activity and/or mental state may be carried out at a time that isproximate to administration of a bioactive agent and/or an artificialsensory experience.

In one embodiment, brain activity surrogate marker measurer module 3348may measure and/or record gaze tracking. In some instances, brainactivity surrogate marker measurer module 3348 may include a camera thatcan monitor a subject's eye movements in order to determine whether thesubject looks at a presented characteristic, for example, during acertain time period. For example, a camera may include a smart camerathat can capture images, process them and issue control commands withina millisecond time frame. Such smart cameras are commercially available(e.g., Hamamatsu's Intelligent Vision System;http:///jp.hamamatsu.com/en/product_info/index.html). Such image capturesystems may include dedicated processing elements for each pixel imagesensor. Other camera systems may include, for example, a pair ofinfrared charge coupled device cameras to continuously monitor pupilsize and position as a user watches a visual target moving forward andbackward. This can provide real-time data relating to pupilaccommodation relative to objects on, for example, a user interface 116including a display. (e.g.,http://jp.hamamatsu.com/en/rd/publication/scientific_american/common/pdf/scientific_(—)0608.pdf).

Eye movement and/or iris movement may also be measured by video-basedeye trackers. In these systems, a camera focuses on one or both eyes andrecords eye movement as the viewer looks at a stimulus. Contrast may beused to locate the center of the pupil, and infrared and near-infrarednon-collumnated light may be used to create a corneal reflection. Thevector between these two features can be used to compute gazeintersection with a surface after a calibration for an individual 134.

In one embodiment, brain activity surrogate marker measurer module 3348may measure and/or record skin response. Brain activity may bedetermined by detection of a skin response associated with a stimulus.One skin response that may correlate with mental state and/or brainactivity is galvanic skin response (GSR), also known as electrodermalresponse (EDR), psychogalvanic reflex (PGR), or skin conductanceresponse (SCR). This is a change in the electrical resistance of theskin. There is a relationship between sympathetic nerve activity andemotional arousal, although one may not be able to identify the specificemotion being elicited. The GSR is highly sensitive to emotions in somepeople. Fear, anger, startle response, orienting response, and sexualfeelings are all among the emotions which may produce similar GSRresponses. GSR is typically measured using electrodes to measure skinelectrical signals.

For example, an Ultimate Game study measured skin-conductance responsesas a surrogate marker or autonomic index for affective state, and foundhigher skin conductance activity for unfair offers, and as with insularactivation in the brain, this measure discriminated between acceptancesand rejections of these offers. See Sanfey, “Social Decision-Making:Insights from Game Theory and Neuroscience,” Science, vol. 318, pp.598-601 (26 Oct. 2007), which is incorporated herein by reference. Otherskin responses may include flushing, blushing, goose bumps, sweating, orthe like.

In one embodiment, brain activity surrogate marker measurer module 3348may measure and/or record voice response. Voice response may includespeech captured by a microphone during presentation of a characteristic.Speech or voice can be measured, for example, by examining voice, song,and/or other vocal utterances of a subject before, during, and/or afteradministration of a bioactive agent and/or an artificial sensoryexperience to an individual 134. Such measurements may include, forexample, as discussed above, layered voice analysis, voice stressanalysis, or the like.

The reaction of an individual to an administered bioactive agent and/oran artificial sensory experience, such as an event in a virtual worldmay be a recognizable vocal exclamation such as “Wow, that's nice!” thatmay be detectable by a brain activity surrogate marker measurer module3348, such as a microphone monitoring the subject while beingadministered an artificial sensory experience. A brain activitysurrogate marker measurer module 3348 may include a voice responsemodule and/or a speech recognition function, such as a software programor computational device, that can identify and/or record an utterance ofa subject as speech or voice data.

Operation 5806 illustrates assigning an artificial sensory experience tomeasure at least one side effect of the bioactive agent in near realtime. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50, near real timemeasurer module 3350 may assign an artificial sensory experience tomeasure an effect of the bioactive agent in near real time. A near realtime event may include the current time of an event plus processingtime. In one embodiment, near real time measurer module 3350 may assigna virtual world, such as World of Warcraft, to measure a bioactive agenteffect in near real time. A further example of measuring in real timeand/or near real time, including real-time medical alerting, may befound in McGovern, U.S. Pat. No. 6,909,359, which is incorporated hereinby reference. In some instances, near real time measurer module 3350 mayinclude a computer processor.

FIG. 59 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 5100 of FIG. 51. FIG. 59 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 5120 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 5902, an operation 5904, and/or anoperation 5906.

Operation 5902 illustrates measuring visual field test function output,eye movement test function output, pupil movement test function output,face pattern test function output, hearing test function output, orvoice test function output. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48A through50, test function output measurer module 3352 may measure a visual fieldtest function output. For example, an individual 134 may undertake avisual field test, for example, on a personal computer so as to obtainvisual field test data. A visual field test function may include, forexample, one or more visual field test functions, one or more pointingdevice manipulation test functions, and/or one more reading testfunctions. Visual field attributes are indicators of an individual'sability to see directly ahead and peripherally. An example of a visualfield test function may be a measure of an individual's gross visualacuity, for example using a Snellen eye chart or visual equivalent on adisplay. Alternatively, a campimeter may be used to conduct a visualfield test. Such visual field tests or campimeters are available online(e.g., at http://www.testvision.org/what_is.htm). Visual field testingcould be done in the context of, for example, new email alerts thatrequire clicking and that appear in various locations on a display.Based upon the location of decreased visual field, the defect can belocalized, for example in a quadrant system.

In an embodiment, test function output measurer module 3352 may measureeye movement test function output. An eye movement test function or apupil movement test function may include, for example, one or more eyemovement test functions, one more pupil movement test functions, and/orone or more pointing device manipulation test functions. An example ofan eye movement test function may be a measurement of an individual'sability to follow a target on a display with her eyes throughout a 360°range. Such testing may be done in the context of an individualexperiencing an artificial sensory experience or participating in avirtual world. In such examples, eye movement test function output maybe obtained through a camera in place as a monitoring device that canmonitor the eye movements of the individual during interaction withadministration of the artificial sensory experience and/or the bioactiveagent. Another example of an eye movement test function may include eyetracking data from an individual monitoring device, such as a videocommunication device, for example, when a task requires tracking objectson a display, reading, or during resting states between activities in anapplication. A further example includes pupil movement tracking datafrom the individual 134 at rest or during an activity required by anapplication or user-health test function.

In an embodiment, test function output measurer module 3352 may measurepupil movement test function output. An example of a pupil movement testfunction may be a measure of an individual's pupils when exposed tolight or objects at various distances. A pupillary movement test mayassess the size and symmetry of an individual's pupils before and aftera stimulus, such as light or focal point. In the above embodiments,altered eye movement ability and/or pupil movement ability may indicateand/or monitor a desired effect of an administered bioactive agent.

In an embodiment, test function output measurer module 3352 may measureface pattern test function output. A face pattern test function mayinclude, for example, one or more face movement test functions involvingan individual's ability to move the muscles of the face. An example of aface pattern test function may be a comparison of an individual's facewhile at rest, specifically looking for nasolabial fold flattening ordrooping of the corner of the mouth, with the individual's face whilemoving certain facial features. The individual may be asked to raise hereyebrows, wrinkle her forehead, show her teeth, puff out her cheeks, orclose her eyes tight. Such testing may be done via facial patternrecognition software used in conjunction with, for example, anartificial sensory experience. Abnormalities in facial expression orpattern may indicate efficacy of and/or a desired effect of a bioactiveagent while experiencing an artificial sensory experience.

In one embodiment, test function output measurer module 3352 may measurehearing test function output. A hearing test function may include, forexample, one or more conversation hearing test functions such as one ormore tests of an individual's ability to detect conversation, forexample in a virtual world and/or an artificial sensory experiencescenario. An example of a hearing test function may include a grosshearing assessment of an individual's ability to hear sounds. This maybe done by simply presenting sounds to the individual or determining ifthe individual can hear sounds presented to each of the ears. Forexample, at least one hearing test device may vary volume settings orsound frequency over time to test an individual's hearing. For example,a mobile phone device or other communication device may carry outvarious hearing test functions. Altered hearing ability may indicateefficacy of and/or a desired effect of a bioactive agent whileexperiencing an artificial sensory experience.

In one embodiment, test function output measurer module 3352 may measurevoice test function output. A voice test function may include, forexample, one or more voice test functions. An example of a voice testfunction may be a measure of symmetrical elevation of the palate whenthe user says “aah” or a test of the gag reflex. A voice test functionmay monitor user voice frequency or volume data during, for example,gaming, such as a virtual world, an artificial sensory experience,videoconferencing, speech recognition software use, or mobile phone use.A voice test function may assess an individual's ability to make simplesounds or to say words, for example, consistently with an establishedvoice pattern for the individual. An abnormal or altered voice mayindicate efficacy of and/or a desired effect of a bioactive agent whileexperiencing an artificial sensory experience.

In some instances, test function output measurer module 3352 may includea computer processor and/or medical instrumentality, such as thatdescribed in the above paragraphs. One skilled in the art may select,establish or determine an appropriate pupil movement test function formonitoring a desired bioactive agent effect. Test function sets and testfunctions may be chosen by one skilled in the art based on knowledge,direct experience, or using available resources such as websites,textbooks, journal articles, or the like. An example of a relevantwebsite can be found in the online Merck Manual athttp://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec06/ch077/ch077c.html#tb077_(—)1. Examplesof relevant textbooks include Patten, J. P., “Neurological DifferentialDiagnosis,” Second Ed., Springer-Verlag, London, 2005; Kasper,Braunwald, Fauci, Hauser, Longo, and Jameson, “Harrison's Principles ofInternal Medicine,” 16th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2005; Greenberg, M.S., “Handbook of Neurosurgery,” 6th Ed., Thieme, Lakeland, 2006; andVictor, M., and Ropper, A. H., “Adams and Victor's Principles ofNeurology,” 7th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2001.

Operation 5904 illustrates measuring body movement test function outputor motor skill test function output. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48Athrough 50, test function output measurer module 3352 may measure bodymovement test function output or motor skill test function output. Anexample of a body movement test function may include prompting anindividual 134 to activate or click a specific area on a display totest, for example, arm movement, hand movement, or other body movementor motor skill function. Another example is visual tracking of anindividual's body, for example during an artificial sensory experience,wherein changes in facial movement, limb movement, or other bodymovements are detectable. A further example is testing an individual'sability to move while using a game controller in an artificial sensoryexperience containing an accelerometer, for example, the Wii remote thatis used for transmitting an individual's movement data to a computingdevice. A body movement test function may perform gait analysis, forexample, in the context of video monitoring of the user. A body movementtest function may also include a test function of fine movements of thehands and feet. Rapid alternating movements, such as wiping one palmalternately with the palm and dorsum of the other hand, may be tested aswell. A common test of coordination is the finger-nose-finger test, inwhich the user is asked to alternately touch their nose and anexaminer's finger as quickly as possible. Alternatively, testing of finemovements of the hands may be tested by measuring an individual'sability to make fine movements of a cursor on a display. To test theaccuracy of movements in a way that requires very little strength, anindividual may be prompted to repeatedly touch a line drawn on thecrease of the individual's thumb with the tip of their forefinger;alternatively, an individual may be prompted to repeatedly touch anobject on a touchscreen display. Abnormalities and/or alterations ofbody movement may indicate the efficacy of and/or a desired effect of abioactive agent white experiencing an artificial sensory experience.

A motor skill test function may include, for example, one or moredeliberate body movement test functions such as one or more tests of anindividual's ability to move an object, including objects on a display,e.g., a cursor. An example of a motor skill test function may be ameasure of an individual's ability to perform a physical task. A motorskill test function may measure, for example, an individual's ability totraverse a path on a display in straight line with a pointing device, totype a certain sequence of characters without error, or to type acertain number of characters without repetition. For example, a slowedcursor on a display may indicate a desired effect of a bioactivemedication, such as an antianxiety medication. An antianxiety medicationmay work to calm an individual resulting in a slowed response time and aslowed cursor on a display and indicating a desired effect of abioactive agent. Alternatively, an individual may be prompted to switchtasks, for example, to alternately type some characters using a keyboardand click on some target with a mouse. If a user has a motor skilldeficiency, she may have difficulty stopping one task and starting theother task indicating a desired effect of a bioactive agent during anartificial sensory experience. In some instances, test function outputmeasurer module 3352 may include a computer processor, computerequipment, such as a touch screen display, and/or medicalinstrumentality, such as that described in the above paragraphs.

Operation 5906 illustrates recording at least one monitored side effectof the bioactive agent. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50,effect recorder module 3354 may record at least one monitored sideeffect of the bioactive agent. Recording a monitored side effect mayinclude capturing data including the monitored side effect to a record,or a format stored on a storage medium. In one embodiment, effectrecorder module 3354 may record body movement test function output ontoa hard disk drive. Other examples of a record and/or storage medium mayinclude flash memory devices, a tape drive, circuitry with non-volatileand/or volatile RAM, an optical disc, for example a CD and/or DVD,and/or a paper record, such as a collection of printed spreadsheetsand/or other lists of data. In an additional embodiment, effect recordermodule 3354 may record a monitored effect by utilizing data acquisitionsoftware. Further discussion of data acquisition may be found in Green,T. et al., PC-Based Medical Data Acquisition and Analysis, cbms, p.0159, EIGHTH IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTER-BASED MEDICAL SYSTEMS (CBMS'95),1995, which is incorporated herein by reference. In some instances,effect recorder module 3354 may include a computer processor and/orother data logging instrumentation, such as NI CompactDAQ hardware,available from National Instruments, Austin, Tex.(http://www.ni.com/dataacquisition/compactdaq/).

FIG. 60 illustrates an operational flow 6000 representing exampleoperations related to accepting at least one indication of a bioactiveagent use by an individual; assigning an artificial sensory experienceto monitor at least one side effect of the bioactive agent on theindividual; and reporting at least one monitored side effect. FIG. 60illustrates an example embodiment where the example operational flow5100 of FIG. 51 may include at least one additional operation.Additional operations may include an operation 6010, an operation 6012,an operation 6014, an operation 6016, an operation 6018, an operation6020, and/or an operation 6022.

After a start operation, an operation 5110, and an operation 5120, theoperational flow 6000 moves to an operation 6010. Operation 6010illustrates reporting at least one monitored side effect. For example,as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50, reporter module 3356 may report atleast one monitored side effect. Reporting may include relating orpassing on information, and/or describing a monitored side effectstatus. In one embodiment, reporter module 3356 may report acquired dataincluding a monitored side effect of an antidepressant, such as a heartrate, while an individual 134 is experiencing an artificial sensoryexperience, such as the social networking site MySpace with a brightenedbackground scheme. In this embodiment, acquired data including anincreased heart rate may be reported to a medical professionaladministering the artificial sensory experience to the individual 134 bygiving the acquired data in the form of a CD. Acquired data may bereported to other third parties, individual 134, and/or other datarepositories. One example regarding a clinical information reportingsystem may be found in Selker, U.S. Pat. No. 5,277,188, which isincorporated herein by reference. Additionally, recording may encompasstransmitting information to another device, for example transmittingside effect data to a remote data acquisition device, such as an onlinestorage backup server. In some instances, reporter module 3356 mayinclude a computer processor.

Operation 6012 illustrates reporting to at least one of a medicalprofessional or a research institution. For example, as shown in FIGS.48A through 50, third party reporter module 3360 may report a monitoredeffect to a medical professional, such as a family physician. A medicalprofessional may include at least one person, agency, department, unit,subcontractor, and/or other entity that delivers a health-relatedservice. Some examples of a medical professional may include aphysician, a nurse, a psychiatrist, a clinical social worker, a clinicalpsychologist, support staff, a pharmacist, a therapist, a hospital,and/or a medical insurance professional. In another embodiment, thirdparty reporter module 3360 may report to a research institution. Aresearch institution may include a research laboratory, an academicinstitution, a private research institution, and/or a commercial entity.Some examples of a research institution may include Oregon Health &Science University (OHSU), Bell Laboratories, SRI International, BostonBiomedical Research Institute (BBRI), and/or the National Institutes ofHealth (NIH). In one embodiment, data may be reported to a healthclinic, further discussed in Selker, U.S. Pat. No. 5,277,188, which isincorporated herein by reference. In some instances, third partyreporter module 3360 may include a computer processor and/or acommunications link.

Operation 6014 illustrates reporting to at least one of a third partyaccount or a law enforcement agency. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48Athrough 50, third party reporter module 3360 may report to a third partyaccount. A third party may include a person, organization, and/or entitynot actively involved in the current method. A third party account mayinclude, for example, an account granting access to a third party byinputting a user name, password, and/or some other identifyinginformation, such as an account number. Some examples of a third partyaccount may include a gaming account, such as a World of Warcraftaccount, a website account, such as a personal and/or secured websitewhere data may be uploaded or accessed, and/or an account on a networkedcomputer, such as a ftp server account. In one specific embodiment,third party reporter module 3360 may report acquired data, such as atleast one monitored effect of an antianxiety medication, to a World ofWarcraft account, which in turn, for example, may be configured tomodify an element of an artificial sensory experience.

In another embodiment, third party reporter module 3360 may report to alaw enforcement agency, such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation(FBI). A law enforcement agency may include an agency and/or agencyrepresentative directly and/or indirectly responsible for enforcing thelaw of a governing body. Some examples of law enforcement agencies mayinclude the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the New York CityPolice Department, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), a countysheriff's department and/or a local police detective. In some instances,third party reporter module 3360 may include a computer processor and/ora communications link.

Operation 6016 illustrates reporting compliance data. For example, asshown in FIGS. 48A through 50, compliance data reporter module 3362 mayreport compliance data. Compliance data may include data demonstratingadherence to a standard or a regulation, such as, for example,compliance to a physician's prescription. In one embodiment, compliancedata reporter module 3362 may report whether individual 134 has compliedwith a physician's prescription to take an antidepressant by correlatingthe amount of activity in an artificial sensory experience, such as anamount of avatar interaction by individual 134 in the virtual worldSecond Life, with efficacy of the antidepressant. In the currentembodiment, a decreased amount of activity by individual 134 in SecondLife may indicate noncompliance with the physician's prescription basedon a tendency to be less active socially when depressed. The data,including the indication of noncompliance, may be then reported to aninterested party. In some instances, compliance data reporter module3362 may include a computer processor.

Operation 6018 illustrates selectively reporting at least one monitoredside effect. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50, selectivereporter module 3370 may selectively report at least one monitored sideeffect. Selective reporting may include limiting and/or blocking accessof monitoring results to a specific party and/or reporting only to acertain party. For example, selective reporter module 3370 may report toa physician and not report to the individual 134. In another example,selective reporter module 3370 may report results to the individual 134and not to a physician. In one embodiment, selective reporter module3370 may report to a law enforcement agency but not report to anindividual 134 results that indicate the use of an illegal substance. Insome instances, selective reporter module 3370 may include a computerprocessor.

Further, operation 6020 illustrates reporting to a health care providerbut not to the individual. For example, as shown in FIGS. 48A through50, selective reporter module 3370 may report to a health care providerbut not to the individual. A health care provider may include ahospital, a doctor, a nurse, a medical clinic, a dentist, and/or anyprovider of preventive, diagnostic, therapeutic, rehabilitative,maintenance, or palliative care and/or counseling. Additionally, ahealthcare provider may include a seller and/or dispenser ofprescription drugs or medical devices. In one embodiment, selectivereporter module 3370 may report to a physician and a hospital resultsfrom administering an antidepressant to an individual 134, assigningtime spent on a social networking website, and monitoring the intensityof a desired effect of the bioactive agent on the individual 134, suchas an increased disposition. In the current embodiment, an increaseddisposition may indicate that an antidepressant medication is effectivewhen coupled with the social networking website. In some instances,compliance data reporter module 3362 may include a computer processor.

Further, operation 6022 illustrates reporting only to the individual.For example, as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50, selective reporter module3370 may report to only the individual. In one embodiment, selectivereporter module 3370 may report only to individual 134 results fromadministering an antidepressant to the individual 134. In the currentembodiment, reporting only to the individual may be desirable in orderto comply with privacy regulation, such as the Health InsurancePortability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). In some instances,compliance data reporter module 3362 may include a computer processor.

FIG. 61 illustrates an operational flow 6100 representing exampleoperations related to accepting at least one indication of a bioactiveagent use by an individual; assigning an artificial sensory experienceto monitor at least one side effect of the bioactive agent on theindividual; and predicting at least one side effect of the bioactiveagent when combined with the artificial sensory experience. FIG. 61illustrates an example embodiment where the example operational flow5100 of FIG. 51 may include at least one additional operation.Additional operations may include an operation 6110, an operation 6112,and/or an operation 6114.

After a start operation, operation 5110, and operation 5120, theoperational flow 6100 moves to operation 6110. Operation 6110illustrates predicting at least one side effect of the bioactive agentwhen combined with the artificial sensory experience. For example, asshown in FIGS. 48A through 50, predictor module 3364 may predict a sideeffect of the bioactive agent, such as a higher Wii game score afterbeing administered an antidepressant medication, when combined with theartificial sensory experience, such as a Wii sports game. Predicting aside effect may, for example, include utilizing a mathematical model,prediction software, an algorithm, and/or a statistical model. In oneembodiment, predictor module 3364 may predict a decrease in activity inan artificial sensory experience, such as troll-killing in World ofWarcraft, when an individual 134 is administered a bioactive agent, suchas an antianxiety medication. In the current embodiment, predictormodule 3364 may arrive at a certain prediction by utilizing empiricaldata and comparing the empirical data with characteristics of theindividual 134. Other examples of prediction may be found in Jokiniitty,J. M. et al., Prediction of blood pressure level and need forantihypertensive medication: 10 years of follow-up, J HYPERTENSION,19(7):1193-201 (2001); Yamada, K. et al., Prediction of medicationnoncompliance in outpatients with schizophrenia: 2-year follow-up study,PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH, 141(1):61-69 (2004); and Parker, G. et al.,Prediction of response to antidepressant medication by a sign-basedindex of melancholia, AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY,27(1):56-61 (1993); each being incorporated herein by reference. In someinstances, predictor module 3364 may include a computer processor.

Operation 6112 illustrates predicting an effect of the artificialsensory experience on the safety of the bioactive agent. For example, asshown in FIGS. 48A through 50, safety predictor module 5066 may predictan effect of the artificial sensory experience, such as a backgroundcolor modification and the addition of calming music, on the safety ofthe bioactive agent. In one embodiment, safety predictor module 5066 maypredict that the addition of uptempo music and bright background colorsto a social networking website enhances the safety of an antidepressantby providing a calming environment and not a disruptive and/ordisturbing environment. In the same embodiment, a calming environmentmay increase the antidepressant safety by reducing and/or eliminating atleast one side effect of the antidepressant, for example theexacerbation of mania and/or mania symptoms. Further discussionregarding antidepressants and mania may be found in Morishita, S. etal., Induction of mania in depression by paroxetine, HUMPSYCHOPHARMACOL., 18(7):565-68 (2003), which is incorporated herein byreference. Additionally, safety predictor module 5066 may predictwhether an effect of an artificial sensory experiment improves and/ordecreases bioactive agent safety by comparing and/or correlatingempirical side effect and/or safety data with characteristics of anindividual 134, as described above. Further discussion of music effectsmay be found in Schellenberg, E. G. et al., Exposure to music andcognitive performance: tests of children and adults, PSYCHOLOGY OFMUSIC, Vol. 35, No. 1, 5-19 (2007), incorporated herein by reference.Discussion regarding the effects of color and/or light on nonvisualpsychological processes may be found in Knez, Effects of colour of lighton nonvisual psychological processes, JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTALPSYCHOLOGY, 21(2):201-208 (2001); M. R Basso Jr., Neurobiologicalrelationships between ambient lighting and the startle response toacoustic stress in humans, INT J NEUROSCI., 110(3-4):147-57 (2001), andLam et al., The Can-SAD Study: a randomized controlled trial of theeffectiveness of light therapy and fluoxetine in patients with winterseasonal affective disorder, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY,163(5):805-12 (2006), each incorporated by reference.

Other methods for predicting an effect of the artificial sensoryexperience on the efficacy of the bioactive agent may include trendestimation, regression analysis, and or data extrapolation. In oneembodiment, safety predictor module 5066 may utilize trend estimation topredict an effect of the artificial sensory experience, such as a snowyenvironment in a virtual world, on the safety of the bioactive agent,such as an analgesic. Trend estimation may include the application ofstatistics to make predictions about trends in data using previouslymeasured data utilizing methods which may include, for example, themethod of least squares, an R-squared fit, and a trend plus noisemethod. An additional example may be found in Greenland, S. et al.,Methods for Trend Estimation from Summarized Dose-Response Data, withApplications to Meta-Analysis, AM. J. EPIDEMIOL., 135(11):1301-09(1992), which is incorporated herein by reference.

In another embodiment, safety predictor module 5066 may utilizeregression analysis to predict an effect of the artificial sensoryexperience, such as a snowy environment in a virtual world, on thesafety of the bioactive agent, such as an analgesic. Regression analysismay include statistical technique for determining the best mathematicalexpression describing the functional relationship between one response,such as safety of the bioactive agent, and one or more independentvariables, for example, an effect of the artificial sensory experience.A further discussion of regression analysis may be found in Matthews D.E. and Farewell V. T., Using and Understanding Medical Statistics,Basel, S. Karger A. G., 2007, which is incorporated herein by reference.

In another embodiment, safety predictor module 5066 may utilize dataextrapolation to predict an effect of the artificial sensory experience,such as a snowy environment in a virtual world, on the safety of thebioactive agent, for example an analgesic. Data extrapolation mayinclude the process of constructing new data points outside a discreteset of known data points. For example, a bioagent's safety may bepredicted by using and/or comparing previous measurements of anartificial sensory experience effect on a bioagent's safety using apopulation with similar characteristics as individual 134. One exampleusing a data extrapolation algorithm may be found in Smith, M. R., etal., A data extrapolation algorithm using a complex domainneuralnetwork, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II: ANALOG ANDDIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING, 44(2):143-47 (1997), which is incorporatedherein by reference. In some instances, safety predictor module 5066 mayinclude a computer processor.

Operation 6114 illustrates predicting a behavioral response. Forexample, as shown in FIGS. 48A through 50, behavioral response predictormodule 3368 may predict a behavioral response. In one embodiment,behavioral response predictor module 3368 may predict an increased scorein an artificial sensory experience, such as a Wii Sports game, when anindividual is administered an antidepressant. In this embodiment, theadministration of an antidepressant may serve to heighten the mood of anindividual 134 and increase a desire to be competitive whileexperiencing an artificial sensory experience. Behavioral responsepredictor module 3368 may predict using methods described above, such asusing empirical data and regression analysis, trend estimation, and ordata extrapolation. Other examples of a behavioral response may includea lack of ability to concentrate while experiencing acute stress and/orflinching when exposed to a loud sound and/or loud acoustics. In someinstances, behavioral response predictor module 3368 may include acomputer processor.

FIG. 62 illustrates alternative embodiments of the example operationalflow 5100 of FIG. 51. FIG. 62 illustrates example embodiments where theoperation 5120 may include at least one additional operation. Additionaloperations may include an operation 6202.

The operation 6202 illustrates accepting an indication of antihistaminemedication use by the individual and assigning a virtual game to monitordrowsiness experienced by the individual. For example, as shown in FIGS.48A through 50, accepter module 102 and assigner module 3334 may acceptan indication of antihistamine medication use by an individual, such asan input from a physician indicating the antihistamine medication hasbeen administered and is bioactive in the individual, and assign avirtual game, such as World of Warcraft, to monitor drowsiness bycomparing and/or analyzing an amount of activity by the individual'savatar (e.g. troll killing). In this example a reduced amount ofactivity by the individual's avatar may indicate increased drowsinessand further indicating a side effect of the administered antihistamine.In some instances, accepter module 102 and/or assigner module 3334 mayinclude a computer processor.

FIG. 63 illustrates a partial view of an example computer programproduct 6300 that includes a computer program 6304 for executing acomputer process on a computing device. An embodiment of the examplecomputer program product 6300 is provided using a signal-bearing medium6302, and may include one or more instructions for accepting at leastone indication of a bioactive agent use by an individual and one or moreinstructions for assigning an artificial sensory experience to monitorat least one side effect of the bioactive agent on the individual. Theone or more instructions may be, for example, computer executable and/orlogic-implemented instructions. In one implementation, thesignal-bearing medium 6302 may include a computer-readable medium 6306.In one implementation, the signal bearing medium 6302 may include arecordable medium 6308. In one implementation, the signal bearing medium6302 may include a communications medium 6310.

FIG. 64 illustrates an example system 6400 in which embodiments may beimplemented. The system 6400 includes a computing system environment.The system 6400 also illustrates the user 118 using a device 6404, whichis optionally shown as being in communication with a computing device6402 by way of an optional coupling 6406. The optional coupling 6406 mayrepresent a local, wide-area, or peer-to-peer network, or may representa bus that is internal to a computing device (e.g., in exampleembodiments in which the computing device 6402 is contained in whole orin part within the device 6404). A storage medium 6408 may be anycomputer storage media.

The computing device 6402 includes computer-executable instructions 6410that when executed on the computing device 6402 cause the computingdevice 6402 to accept at least one indication of bioactive agent use byan individual and assign an artificial sensory experience to monitor atleast one side effect of the bioactive agent on the individual. Asreferenced above and as shown in FIG. 64, in some examples, thecomputing device 6402 may optionally be contained in whole or in partwithin the device 6404.

In FIG. 64, then, the system 6400 includes at least one computing device(e.g., 6402 and/or 6404). The computer-executable instructions 6410 maybe executed on one or more of the at least one computing device. Forexample, the computing device 6402 may implement the computer-executableinstructions 6410 and output a result to (and/or receive data from) thecomputing device 6404. Since the computing device 6402 may be wholly orpartially contained within the computing device 6404, the device 6404also may be said to execute some or all of the computer-executableinstructions 6410, in order to be caused to perform or implement, forexample, various ones of the techniques described herein, or othertechniques.

The device 6404 may include, for example, a portable computing device,workstation, or desktop computing device. In another example embodiment,the computing device 6402 is operable to communicate with the device6404 associated with the user 118 to receive information about the inputfrom the user 118 for performing data access and data processing andpresenting an output of the user-health test function at least partlybased on the user data.

Although a user 118 is shown/described herein as a single illustratedfigure, those skilled in the art will appreciate that a user 118 may berepresentative of a human user, a robotic user (e.g., computationalentity), and/or substantially any combination thereof (e.g., a user maybe assisted by one or more robotic agents). In addition, a user 118, asset forth herein, although shown as a single entity may in fact becomposed of two or more entities. Those skilled in the art willappreciate that, in general, the same may be said of “sender” and/orother entity-oriented terms as such terms are used herein.

With reference now to FIG. 66, shown is an example of a system that mayserve as a context for introducing one or more processes, systems orother articles described herein. Primary system 6600 may include one ormore instances of implementations 6601 or outputs 6602 that may be heldor transmitted by interfaces 6630, conduits 6642, storage devices 6643,memories 6648, or other holding devices 6649 or the like. In variousembodiments as described herein, for example, one or more instances ofimplementation components 6611, 6612, 6613 or implementation output data6621, 6622, 6623 may each be expressed in any aspect or combination ofsoftware, firmware, or hardware as signals, data, designs, logic,instructions, or the like. The interface(s) 6630 may include one or moreinstances of lenses 6631, transmitters 6632, receivers 6633, integratedcircuits 6634, antennas 6635, output devices 6636, reflectors 6637,input devices 6638, or the like for handling data or communicating withlocal users or with network 6690 via linkage 6650, for example. Severalvariants of primary system 6600 are described below with reference toone or more instances of repeaters 6691, communication satellites 6693,servers 6694, processors 6695, routers 6697, or other elements ofnetwork 6690.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that some list items may alsofunction as other list items. In the above-listed types of media, forexample, some instances of interface(s) 6630 may include conduits 6642,or may also function as storage devices that are also holding devices6649. One or more transmitters 6632 may likewise include input devicesor bidirectional user interfaces, in many implementations ofinterface(s) 6630. Each such listed term should not be narrowed by anyimplication from other terms in the same list but should instead beunderstood in its broadest reasonable interpretation as understood bythose skilled in the art.

Several variants described herein refer to device-detectable“implementations” such as one or more instances of computer-readablecode, transistor or latch connectivity layouts or other geometricexpressions of logical elements, firmware or software expressions oftransfer functions implementing computational specifications, digitalexpressions of truth tables, or the like. Such instances can, in someimplementations, include source code or other human-readable portions.Alternatively or additionally, functions of implementations describedherein may constitute one or more device-detectable outputs such asdecisions, manifestations, side effects, results, coding or otherexpressions, displayable images, data files, data associations,statistical correlations, streaming signals, intensity levels,frequencies or other measurable attributes, packets or other encodedexpressions, or the like from invoking or monitoring the implementationas described herein.

Referring again to FIGS. 2, 29, 34, 51, and 65, the flows 200, 2900,3400, 5100, and/or 6500 depicted therein and in related FIGS. depictingflows showing alternative embodiments may be performed by one or moreinstances of server 6694 remote from primary system 6600, for example,but operable to cause output device(s) 6636 to receive and presentresults via linkage 6650. Alternatively or additionally,device-detectable data 6622 may be borne by one or more instances ofsignal-bearing conduits 6642, holding devices 6649, integrated circuits6634, or the like as described herein. Such data may optionally beconfigured for transmission by a semiconductor chip or other embodimentof integrated circuit 6634 that contains or is otherwise operativelycoupled with antenna 6635 (in a radio-frequency identification tag, forexample).

In some variants, some instances of flows 200, 2900, 3400, 5100, and/or6500 may be implemented entirely within primary system 6600, optionallyconfigured as a stand-alone system. For example, operation 6510 may beimplemented by configuring component 6611 as logic for accepting atleast one attribute associated with an individual from a licensed healthcare provider. This can be accomplished by including special-purposeinstruction sequences or special-purpose-circuit designs for thisfunction, for example, in optical or other known circuit fabricationoperations, in programming by various known voltage modulationtechniques, or otherwise as described herein or known by those skilledin the art. Output data 6621 from such a component in primary system6600 or network 6690 may be recorded by writing to or otherwiseconfiguring available portions of storage device(s) 6643.

Alternatively or additionally, such specific output data may betransmitted by configuring transistors, relays, or other drivers orconduits 6642 of primary system 6600 to transfer it to component 6612,for example. For example, component 6612 may perform operation 6520 viaimplementation as logic for presenting an output of an artificialsensory experience associated with a request to measure at least oneeffect of a bioactive agent on the attribute associated with individual.Implementation output data 6622 from such a component in primary system6600 or network 6690 may be recorded into available portions of storagedevice(s) 6643 or sent to component 6613, for example. Output 6602 fromflow 6500 may likewise include other data 6623 as described herein.

In some embodiments, output device 6636 may indicate an occurrence offlow 6500 concisely as a decision, an evaluation, an effect, anhypothesis, a probability, a notification, or some other usefultechnical result. For example, such “indicating” may comprise such modesas showing, signifying, acknowledging, updating, explaining,associating, or the like in relation to any past or ongoing performanceof such actions upon the common item(s) as recited. Such indicating mayalso provide one or more specifics about the occurrence: the parties ordevice(s) involved, a description of the method or performance modesused, any sequencing or other temporal aspects involved, indications ofresources used, location(s) of the occurrence, implementation versionindications or other update-indicative information, or any other suchcontextual information that may be worthwhile to provide at potentialoutput destinations.

Concise indication may occur, for example, in a context in which atleast some items of data 6621-6623 do not matter, or in which arecipient may understand or access portions of data 6621-6623 withoutreceiving a preemptive explanation of how it was obtained. By distillingat least some output 6602 at an “upstream” stage (which may compriseintegrated circuit 6634, for example, in some arrangements),downstream-stage media (such as other elements of network 6690, forexample) may indicate occurrences of various methods described hereinmore effectively. Variants of flow 6500, for example, may be enhanced bydistillations described herein, especially in bandwidth-limitedtransmissions, security-encoded messages, long-distance transmissions,complex images, or compositions of matter bearing other suchexpressions.

In some variants, a local implementation comprises a service operablefor accessing a remote system running a remote implementation. In someembodiments, such “accessing” may include one or more instances ofestablishing or permitting an interaction between the server and a localembodiment such that the local embodiment causes or uses anotherimplementation or output of one or more herein-described functions atthe server. Functioning as a web browser, remote terminal session, orother remote activation or control device, for example, interface(s)6630 may interact with one or more primary system users via input andoutput devices 6636, 6638 so as to manifest an implementation in primarysystem 6600 via an interaction with server 6694, for example, running asecondary implementation of flow 6500. Such local implementations maycomprise a visual display supporting a local internet service to theremote server, for example. Such a remote server may control orotherwise enable one or more instances of hardware or software operatingthe secondary implementation outside a system, network, or physicalproximity of primary system 6600. For a building implementing primarysystem 6600, for example, “remote” devices may include those in othercountries, in orbit, or in adjacent buildings. In some embodiments,“running an implementation” may include invoking one or more instancesof software, hardware, firmware, or the like atypically constituted oradapted to facilitate methods or functions as described herein. Forexample, primary system 6600 running an implementation of flow 6500 maybe a remote activation of a special-purpose computer program resident onserver 6694 via an internet browser session interaction through linkage6650, mediated by input device 6638 and output device 6636.

In some variants, some or all of components 6611-6613 may be borne invarious data-handling elements—e.g., in one or more instances of storagedevices 6643, in memories 6648 or volatile media, passing throughlinkage 6650 with network 6690 or other conduits 6642, in one or moreregisters or data-holding devices 6649, or the like. For example, suchprocessing or configuration may occur in response to user data or thelike received at input device 6638 or may be presented at output device6636. Instances of input devices 6638 may (optionally) include one ormore instances of cameras or other optical devices, hand-held systems orother portable systems, keypads, sensors, or the like as describedherein. Output device(s) 6636 may likewise include one or more instancesof image projection modules, touch screens, wrist-wearable systems orthe like adapted to be worn while in use, headphones and speakers,eyewear, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), actuators, lasers, organic orother light-emitting diodes, phosphorescent elements, portions of(hybrid) input devices 6638, or the like.

A device-detectable implementation of variants described herein withreference to flow 6500, for example, may be divided into severalcomponents 6611-6613 carried by one or more instances of active modulessuch as signal repeaters 6691, communication satellites 6693, servers6694, processors 6695, routers 6697, or the like. For example, in someembodiments, component 6612 may be borne by an “upstream” module (e.g.,repeater 6691 or the like) while or after component 6611 is borne in a“downstream” module (e.g., another instance of repeater 6691,communication satellite 6693, server 6694, or the like). Such downstreammodules may “accept” such bits or other portions of implementation 6601sequentially, for example, such as by amplifying, relaying, storing,checking, or otherwise processing what was received actively. Sensorsand other “upstream” modules may likewise “accept” raw data, such as bymeasuring physical phenomena or accessing one or more databases.

In some embodiments, a medium bearing data (or other such event) may be“caused” (directly or indirectly) by one or more instances of prior orcontemporaneous measurements, decisions, transitions, circumstances, orother causal determinants. Any such event may likewise depend upon oneor more other prior, contemporaneous, or potential determinants, invarious implementations as taught herein. In other words, such eventsmay occur “in response” to both preparatory (earlier) events andtriggering (contemporaneous) events in some contexts. Output 6602 mayresult from more than one component of implementations 6601 or more thanone operation of flow 6500, for example.

In some embodiments, such integrated circuits 6634 may comprisetransistors, capacitors, amplifiers, latches, converters, or the like ona common substrate of a semiconductor material, operable to performcomputational tasks or other transformations. An integrated circuit maybe application-specific (“ASIC”) in that it is designed for a particularuse rather than for general purpose use. An integrated circuit maylikewise include one or more instances of memory circuits, processors,field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA's), antennas, or other components,and may be referred to as a system-on-a-chip (“SoC”).

In some embodiments, one or more instances of integrated circuits orother processors may be configured to perform auditory patternrecognition. In FIG. 66, for example, instances of the one or more inputdevices 6638 may include a microphone or the Like operable to provideauditory samples in data 6621-6623. Some form or portion of such outputmay be provided remotely, for example, to one or more instances ofneural networks or other configurations of remote processors 6695operable to perform automatic or supervised speech recognition,selective auditory data retention or transmission, or other auditorypattern recognition, upon the samples. Alternatively or additionallysuch sound-related data may include annotative information relatingthereto such as a capture time or other temporal indications, capturelocation or other source information, language or other contentindications, decibels or other measured quantities, pointers to relateddata items or other associative indications, or other data aggregationsor distillations as described herein.

In some embodiments, one or more instances of integrated circuits orother processors may be configured for optical image patternrecognition. In FIG. 66, for example, instances of lenses 6631 or otherinput devices 6638 may include optical sensors or the like operable toprovide one or more of geometric, hue, or optical intensity informationin data 6621-6623. Some form or portion of such output may be providedlocally, for example, to one or more instances of optical characterrecognition software, pattern recognition processing resources, or otherconfigurations of integrated circuits 6634 operable to perform automaticor supervised image recognition, selective optical data retention ortransmission, or the like. Alternatively or additionally suchimage-related data may include annotative information relating theretosuch as a capture time or other temporal indications, capture locationor other source information, language or other content indications,pointers to related data items or other associative indications, orother data aggregations or distillations as described herein.

In some embodiments, one or more instances of integrated circuits orother processors may be configured to perform linguistic patternrecognition. In FIG. 66, for example, instances of input devices 6638may include keys, pointing devices, microphones, sensors, referencedata, or the like operable to provide spoken, written, or other symbolicexpressions in data 6621-6623. Some form or portion of such output maybe provided locally, for example, to one or more instances oftranslation utilities, compilers, or other configurations of integratedcircuits 6634 operable to perform automatic or supervised programming orother language recognition, selective linguistic data retention ortransmission, or the like. Alternatively or additionally suchlanguage-related data may include annotative information relatingthereto such as a capture time or other temporal indications, capturelocation or other source information, language or other contentindications, pointers to related data items or other associativeindications, or other data classifications, aggregations, ordistillations as described herein.

In some embodiments, one or more antennas 6635 or receivers 6633 mayinclude a device that is the receiving end of a communication channel asdescribed herein. For example, such a receiver may gather a signal froma dedicated conduit or from the environment for subsequent processingand/or retransmission. As a further example, such antennas or otherreceivers may include one or more instances of wireless antennas, radioantennas, satellite antennas, broadband receivers, digital subscriberline (DSL) receivers, modem receivers, transceivers, or configurationsof two or more such devices for data reception as described herein orotherwise known.

In one variant, two or more respective portions of output data 6621-6623may be sent from server 6694 through respective channels at varioustimes, one portion passing through repeater 6691 and another throughrouter 6697. Such channels may each bear a respective portion of a dataaggregation or extraction, a publication, a comparative analysis ordecision, a record selection, digital subscriber content, statistics orother research information, a resource status or potential allocation,an evaluation, an opportunity indication, a test or computationalresult, or some other output 6602 of possible interest. Such distributedmedia may be implemented as an expedient or efficient mode of bearingsuch portions of output data to a common destination such as interface6630 or holding device 6649. Alternatively or additionally, some suchdata may be transported by moving a medium (carried on storage device6643, for example) so that only a small portion (a purchase or otheraccess authorization, for example, or a contingent or supplementalmodule) is transferred via linkage 6650.

In some embodiments, one or more instances of signal repeaters 6691 mayinclude a device or functional implementation that receives a signal andtransmits some or all of the signal with one or more of an alteredstrength or frequency, or with other modulation (e.g., anoptical-electrical-optical amplification device, a radio signalamplifier or format converter, a wireless signal amplifier, or thelike). A repeater may convert analog to digital signals or digital toanalog signals, for example, or perform no conversion. Alternatively oradditionally, a repeater may reshape, retime or otherwise reorder anoutput for transmission. A repeater may likewise introduce a frequencyoffset to an output signal such that the received and transmittedfrequencies are different. A repeater also may include one or moreinstances of a relay, a translator, a transponder, a transceiver, anactive hub, a booster, a noise-attenuating filter, or the like.

In some embodiments, such communication satellite(s) 6693 may beconfigured to facilitate telecommunications while in a geosynchronousorbit, a Molniya orbit, a low earth orbit, or the like. Alternatively oradditionally, a communication satellite may receive or transmit, forexample, telephony signals, television signals, radio signals, broadbandtelecommunications signals, or the like.

In some variants, processor 6695 or any components 6611-6613 ofimplementations 6601 may (optionally) be configured to perform flowvariants as described herein with reference to FIGS. 2-29, 34-45, 51-62,and 65. An occurrence of such a variant can be expressed as acomputation, a transition, or as one or more other items of data6621-6623 described herein. Such output 6602 can be generated, forexample, by depicted components of primary system 6600 or network 6690including one or more features as described with reference to FIGS. 1,32A, 32B, 33, and/or 48-50.

With reference now to FIG. 67, shown is an example of another systemthat may serve as a context for introducing one or more processes,systems or other articles described herein. As shown system 6700comprises one or more instances of writers 6701, processors 6703,controls 6705, software or other implementations 6707, invokers 6712,compilers 6714, outputs 6716, coding modules 6718, or the like with oneor more media 6790 bearing expressions or outputs thereof. In someembodiments, such media may include distributed media bearing a dividedor otherwise distributed implementation or output. For example, in someembodiments, such media may include two or more physically distinctsolid-state memories, two or more transmission media, a combination ofsuch transmission media with one or more data-holding media configuredas a data source or destination, or the like.

In some embodiments, transmission media may be “configured” to bear anoutput or implementation (a) by causing a channel in a medium to conveya portion thereof or (b) by constituting, adapting, addressing, orotherwise linking to such media in some other mode that depends upon oneor more atypical traits of the partial or whole output orimplementation. Data-holding elements of media may likewise be“configured” to bear an output or implementation portion (a) by holdingthe portion in a storage or memory location or (b) by constituting,adapting, addressing, or otherwise linking to such media in some othermode that depends upon one or more atypical traits of the partial orwhole output or implementation. Such atypical traits may include a name,address, portion identifier, functional description, or the likesufficient to distinguish the output, implementation, or portion from ageneric object.

In some embodiments described herein, “logic” and similarimplementations can include software or other control structuresoperable to guide device operation. Electronic circuitry, for example,can manifest one or more paths of electrical current constructed andarranged to implement various logic functions as described herein. Insome embodiments, one or more media are “configured to bear” adevice-detectable implementation if such media hold or transmit aspecial-purpose device instruction set operable to perform a novelmethod as described herein. Alternatively or additionally, in somevariants, an implementation may include special-purpose hardware orfirmware components or general-purpose components executing or otherwiseinvoking special-purpose components. Specifications or otherimplementations may be transmitted by one or more instances oftransmission media as described herein, optionally by packettransmission or otherwise by passing through distributed media atvarious times.

In some embodiments, one or more of the coding modules 6718 may beconfigured with circuitry for applying, imposing, or otherwise using asyntactic or other encoding constraint in forming, extracting, orotherwise handling respective portions of the device-detectableimplementation or output. In encoding a software module or other messagecontent, for example, compiler 6714 or coding module 6718 may implementone or more such constraints pursuant to public key or other encryption,applying error correction modes, certifying or otherwise annotating themessage content, or implementing other security practices describedherein or known by those skilled in the art. Alternatively oradditionally, another instance of coding module 6718 may be configuredto receive data (via receiver 6633, e.g.) and decode or otherwisedistill the received data using one or more such encoding constraints.Compiler 6714 may, in some variants, convert one or more of components6611-6613 from a corresponding source code form before the component(s)are transmitted across linkage 6650.

System 6700 may be implemented, for example, as one or more instances ofstand-alone workstations, servers, vehicles, portable devices, removablemedia 6720, as components of primary system 6600 or network 6690 (ofFIG. 66), or the like. Alternatively or additionally, media 6790 mayinclude one or more instances of signal repeaters 6691, communicationsatellites 6693, servers 6694, processors 6695, routers 6697, portionsof primary system 6600 as shown, or the like.

Media 6790 may include one or more instances of removable media 6720,tapes or other storage media 6726; parallel (transmission) media 6730;disks 6744; memories 6746; other data-handling media 6750; serial media6760; interfaces 6770; or expressions 6789, 6799. Removable media 6720can bear one or more device-detectable instances of instructionsequences 6722 or other implementations of flow 6500, for example.Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments, removable media 6720can bear alphanumeric data, audio data, image data,structure-descriptive values, or other content 6724 in a context thatindicates an occurrence of one or more flows 6500. In somecircumstances, transmission media may bear respective portions ofimplementations as described herein serially or otherwisenon-simultaneously. In some variants in which two portions 6797, 6798constitute a partial or complete software implementation or product of anovel method described herein, portion 6797 may follow portion 6798successively through serial media 6763, 6765, 6767 (with transmission ofportion 6797 partly overlapping in time with transmission of portion6798 passing through medium 6763, for example). As shown, parallelchannels 6731, 6732 are respectively implemented at least in media 6737,6738 of a bus or otherwise effectively in isolation from one another. Insome embodiments, a bus may be a system of two or more signal paths—notunified by a nominally ideal conduction path between them-configured totransfer data between or among internal or external computer components.For example, one data channel may include a power line (e.g., as medium6765) operable for transmitting content of the device-detectableimplementation as described herein between two taps or other terminals(e.g., as media 6763, 6767 comprising a source and destination). Inanother such configuration, one or more media 6737 of channel 6731 maybear portion 6797 before, while or after one or more other media 6738 ofparallel channel 6732 bear portion 6798. In some embodiments, such aprocess may occur “while” another process occurs if they coincide orotherwise overlap in time substantially (by several clock cycles, forexample). In some embodiments, such a process may occur “after” an eventif any instance of the process begins after any instance of the eventconcludes, irrespective of other instances overlapping or the like.

In a variant in which a channel through medium 6750 bears an expression6755 partially implementing an operational flow described herein, theremainder of the implementation may be borne (earlier or later, in someinstances) by the same medium 6750 or by one or more other portions ofmedia 6790 as shown. In some embodiments, moreover, one or more controls6705 may configure at least some media 6790 by triggering transmissionsas described above or transmissions of one or more outputs 6716 thereof.

In some embodiments, the one or more “physical media” may include one ormore instances of conduits, layers, networks, static storagecompositions, or other homogenous or polymorphic structures orcompositions suitable for bearing signals. In some embodiments, such a“communication channel” in physical media may include a signal pathbetween two transceivers or the like. A “remainder” of the media mayinclude other signal paths intersecting the communication channel orother media as described herein. In some variants, another exemplarysystem comprises one or more physical media 6790 constructed andarranged to receive a special-purpose sequence 6782 of two or moredevice-detectable instructions 6784 for implementing a flow as describedherein or to receive an output of executing such instructions. Physicalmedia 6790 may (optionally) be configured by writer 6701, transmitter6632, or the like.

In some embodiments, such a “special-purpose” instruction sequence mayinclude any ordered set of two or more instructions directly orindirectly operable for causing multi-purpose hardware or software toperform one or more methods or functions described herein: source code,macro code, controller or other machine code, or the like. In someembodiments, an implementation may include one or more instances ofspecial-purpose sequences 6782 of instructions 6784, patches or otherimplementation updates 6788, configurations 6794, special-purposecircuit designs 6793, or the like. Such “designs,” for example, mayinclude one or more instances of a mask set definition, a connectivitylayout of one or more gates or other logic elements, anapplication-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a multivariate transferfunction, or the like.

Segments of such implementations or their outputs may (optionally) bemanifested one or more information-bearing static attributes comprisingthe device-detectable implementation. Such attributes may, in someembodiments, comprise a concentration or other layout attribute ofmagnetic or charge-bearing elements, visible or other optical elements,or other particles in or on a liquid crystal display or othersolid-containing medium. Solid state data storage modules or other suchstatic media may further comprise one or more instances of lasermarkings, barcodes, human-readable identifiers, or the like, such as toindicate one or more attributes of the device-detectable implementation.Alternatively or additionally such solid state or other solid-containingmedia may include one or more instances of semiconductor devices orother circuitry, magnetic or optical digital storage disks, dynamic orflash random access memories (RAMs), or the like. Magnetoresistive RAMsmay bear larger implementation or output portions or aggregations safelyand efficiently, moreover, and without any need for motors or the likefor positioning the storage medium.

Segments of such implementations or their outputs may likewise bemanifested in electromagnetic signals 6786, laser or other opticalsignals 6791, electrical signals 6792, or the like. In some embodiments,for example, such electrical or electromagnetic signals may include oneor more instances of static or variable voltage levels or other analogvalues, radio frequency transmissions or the like. In some embodiments,the above-mentioned “optical” signals may likewise include one or moreinstances of time- or position-dependent, device-detectable variationsin hue, intensity, or the like. Alternatively or additionally, portionsof such implementations or their outputs may manifest as one or moreinstances of magnetic, magneto-optic, electrostatic, or other physicalconfigurations 6728 of nonvolatile storage media 6726 or as externalimplementation access services 6772.

In some embodiments, physical media can be configured by being “operatedto bear” or “operated upon to bear” a signal. For example, they mayinclude physical media that generate, transmit, conduct, receive, orotherwise convey or store a device-detectable implementation or outputas described herein. Such conveyance or storing of a device-detectableimplementation or output may be carried out in a distributed fashion atvarious times or locations, or such conveyance or storing of adevice-detectable implementation or output may be done at one locationor time. As discussed above, such physical media “operated to bear” or“operated upon to bear” may include physical media that are atypicallyconstituted or adapted to facilitate methods or functions as describedherein.

In some configurations, one or more output devices 6636 may present oneor more results of presenting an output of an artificial sensoryexperience associated with a request to measure at least one effect of abioactive agent on the attribute associated with individual in responseto interface(s) 6630 receiving one or more invocations or outputs of animplementation of this function via linkage 6650. Such an “invocation”may, in some embodiments, comprise one or more instances of requests,hardware or software activations, user actions, or other determinants asdescribed herein. Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments,one or more input devices 6638 may later receive one or more invocationsor results of accepting at least one attribute associated with anindividual from a licensed health care provider. In contexts like these,processor 6695 or other components of network 6690 may likewiseconstitute a secondary implementation having access to a primaryinstance of interface 6630 implementing methods like flow 6500 asdescribed herein.

Serial media 6760 comprises a communication channel of two or more mediaconfigured to bear a transition or other output increment successively.In some embodiments, for example, serial media 6760 may include acommunication line or wireless medium (e.g., as medium 6765) between twosignal-bearing conduits (e.g., terminals or antennas as media 6763,6767). Alternatively or additionally, one or more lenses 6631 or otherlight-transmissive media may comprise a serial medium between alight-transmissive medium and a sensor or other light receiver 6633 ortransmitter 6632. In some embodiments, such “light-transmissive” mediamay (optionally) comprise metamaterials or other media operable forbearing one or more instances of microwave signals, radiowave signals,visible light signals, or the like.

In some embodiments, such a lens may be an optical element that causeslight to converge or diverge along one or more signal paths. Such alight-transmissive medium may include a signal-bearing conduit, glass,or other physical medium through which an optical signal may travel.More generally, a signal-bearing conduit may be an electrical wire, atelecommunications cable, a fiber-optic cable, or a mechanical couplingor other path for the conveyance of analog or digital signals.

Alternatively or additionally, system 6700 may likewise include one ormore instances of media for handling implementations or their outputs:satellite dishes or other reflectors 6637, antennas 6635 or othertransducers 6775, arrays of two or more such devices configured todetect or redirect one or more incoming signals, caching elements orother data-holding elements (e.g., disks 6744, memories 6746, or othermedia 6790), integrated circuits 6634, or the like. In some variants,one or more media may be “configured” to bear a device-detectableimplementation as described herein by being constituted or otherwisespecially adapted for that type of implementation at one or morerespective times, overlapping or otherwise. Such “signal-bearing” mediamay include those configured to bear one or more such signals at varioustimes as well as those currently bearing them.

In some embodiments, such caching elements may comprise a circuit ordevice configured to store data that duplicates original values storedelsewhere or computed earlier in time. For example, a caching elementmay be a temporary storage area where frequently-accessed data may beheld for rapid access by a computing system. A caching element likewisemay be machine-readable memory (including computer-readable media suchas random access memory or data disks). In some embodiments, suchcaching elements may likewise comprise a latching circuit or deviceconfigured to store data that has been modified from original valuesassociated with the data (held elsewhere or computed earlier in time,for example).

In one variant, respective portions 6795, 6796 of an expression 6799 ofimplementation 6707 may be sent through respective channels at varioustimes. Invoker 6712 may request or otherwise attempt to activate acomputer program or streaming media overseas via a telephone cable orother channel 6731. Meanwhile, output 6716 may attempt to trigger asession or other partial implementation 6752, success in which may beindicated by receiving expression 6755 into a visual display, aprintout, a voice notification, or other medium 6750. Such a program orother implementation may be made complete, for example, once both ofthese attempts succeed.

In some embodiments, transducer(s) 6775 may comprise one or more devicesthat convert a signal from one form to another form. For example, atransducer may be a cathode ray tube that transforms electrical signalsinto visual signals. Another example of a transducer comprises amicroelectromechanical systems (“MEMS”) device, which may be configuredto convert mechanical signals into electrical signals (or vice versa).

Following are a series of flowcharts depicting implementations. For easeof understanding, the flowcharts are organized such that the initialflowcharts present implementations via an example implementation andthereafter the following flowcharts present alternate implementationsand/or expansions of the initial flowchart(s) as either sub-componentoperations or additional component operations building on one or moreearlier-presented flowcharts. Those having skill in the art willappreciate that the style of presentation utilized herein (e.g.,beginning with a presentation of a flowchart(s) presenting an exampleimplementation and thereafter providing additions to and/or furtherdetails in subsequent flowcharts) generally allows for a rapid and easyunderstanding of the various process implementations. In addition, thoseskilled in the art will further appreciate that the style ofpresentation used herein also lends itself well to modular and/orobject-oriented program design paradigms.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the foregoing specificexemplary processes and/or devices and/or technologies arerepresentative of more general processes and/or devices and/ortechnologies taught elsewhere herein, such as in the claims filedherewith and/or elsewhere in the present application.

Those having skill in the art will recognize that the state of the arthas progressed to the point where there is little distinction leftbetween hardware, software, and/or firmware implementations of aspectsof systems; the use of hardware, software, and/or firmware is generally(but not always, in that in certain contexts the choice between hardwareand software can become significant) a design choice representing costvs. efficiency tradeoffs. Those having skill in the art will appreciatethat there are various vehicles by which processes and/or systems and/orother technologies described herein can be effected (e.g., hardware,software, and/or firmware), and that the preferred vehicle will varywith the context in which the processes and/or systems and/or othertechnologies are deployed. For example, if an implementer determinesthat speed and accuracy are paramount, the implementer may opt for amainly hardware and/or firmware vehicle; alternatively, if flexibilityis paramount, the implementer may opt for a mainly softwareimplementation; or, yet again alternatively, the implementer may opt forsome combination of hardware, software, and/or firmware. Hence, thereare several possible vehicles by which the processes and/or devicesand/or other technologies described herein may be effected, none ofwhich is inherently superior to the other in that any vehicle to beutilized is a choice dependent upon the context in which the vehiclewill be deployed and the specific concerns (e.g., speed, flexibility, orpredictability) of the implementer, any of which may vary. Those skilledin the art will recognize that optical aspects of implementations willtypically employ optically-oriented hardware, software, and or firmware.

In some implementations described herein, logic and similarimplementations may include software or other control structuressuitable to operation. Electronic circuitry, for example, may manifestone or more paths of electrical current constructed and arranged toimplement various logic functions as described herein. In someimplementations, one or more media are configured to bear adevice-detectable implementation if such media hold or transmit aspecial-purpose device instruction set operable to perform as describedherein. In some variants, for example, this may manifest as an update orother modification of existing software or firmware, or of gate arraysor other programmable hardware, such as by performing a reception of ora transmission of one or more instructions in relation to one or moreoperations described herein. Alternatively or additionally, in somevariants, an implementation may include special-purpose hardware,software, firmware components, and/or general-purpose componentsexecuting or otherwise invoking special-purpose components.Specifications or other implementations may be transmitted by one ormore instances of tangible transmission media as described herein,optionally by packet transmission or otherwise by passing throughdistributed media at various times.

Alternatively or additionally, implementations may include executing aspecial-purpose instruction sequence or otherwise invoking circuitry forenabling, triggering, coordinating, requesting, or otherwise causing oneor more occurrences of any functional operations described above. Insome variants, operational or other logical descriptions herein may beexpressed directly as source code and compiled or otherwise invoked asan executable instruction sequence. In some contexts, for example, C++or other code sequences can be compiled directly or otherwiseimplemented in high-level descriptor languages (e.g., alogic-synthesizable language, a hardware description language, ahardware design simulation, and/or other such similar mode(s) ofexpression). Alternatively or additionally, some or all of the logicalexpression may be manifested as a Verilog-type hardware description orother circuitry model before physical implementation in hardware,especially for basic operations or timing-critical applications. Thoseskilled in the art will recognize how to obtain, configure, and optimizesuitable transmission or computational elements, material supplies,actuators, or other common structures in light of these teachings.

The foregoing detailed description has set forth various embodiments ofthe devices and/or processes via the use of block diagrams, flowcharts,and/or examples. Insofar as such block diagrams, flowcharts, and/orexamples contain one or more functions and/or operations, it will beunderstood by those within the art that each function and/or operationwithin such block diagrams, flowcharts, or examples can be implemented,individually and/or collectively, by a wide range of hardware, software,firmware, or virtually any combination thereof. In one embodiment,several portions of the subject matter described herein may beimplemented via Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), FieldProgrammable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), digital signal processors (DSPs), orother integrated formats. However, those skilled in the art willrecognize that some aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein, inwhole or in part, can be equivalently implemented in integratedcircuits, as one or more computer programs running on one or morecomputers (e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more computersystems), as one or more programs running on one or more processors(e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more microprocessors),as firmware, or as virtually any combination thereof, and that designingthe circuitry and/or writing the code for the software and or firmwarewould be well within the skill of one of skill in the art in light ofthis disclosure. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciatethat the mechanisms of the subject matter described herein are capableof being distributed as a program product in a variety of forms, andthat an illustrative embodiment of the subject matter described hereinapplies regardless of the particular type of signal bearing medium usedto actually carry out the distribution. Examples of a signal bearingmedium include, but are not limited to, the following: a recordable typemedium such as a floppy disk, a hard disk drive, a Compact Disc (CD), aDigital Video Disk (DVD), a digital tape, a computer memory, etc.; and atransmission type medium such as a digital and/or an analogcommunication medium (e.g., a fiber optic cable, a waveguide, a wiredcommunications link, a wireless communication link (e.g., transmitter,receiver, transmission logic, reception logic, etc.), etc.).

In a general sense, those skilled in the art will recognize that thevarious embodiments described herein can be implemented, individuallyand/or collectively, by various types of electro-mechanical systemshaving a wide range of electrical components such as hardware, software,firmware, and/or virtually any combination thereof; and a wide range ofcomponents that may impart mechanical force or motion such as rigidbodies, spring or torsional bodies, hydraulics, electro-magneticallyactuated devices, and/or virtually any combination thereof.Consequently, as used herein “electro-mechanical system” includes, butis not limited to, electrical circuitry operably coupled with atransducer (e.g., an actuator, a motor, a piezoelectric crystal, a MicroElectro Mechanical System (MEMS), etc.), electrical circuitry having atleast one discrete electrical circuit, electrical circuitry having atleast one integrated circuit, electrical circuitry having at least oneapplication specific integrated circuit, electrical circuitry forming ageneral purpose computing device configured by a computer program (e.g.,a general purpose computer configured by a computer program which atleast partially carries out processes and/or devices described herein,or a microprocessor configured by a computer program which at leastpartially carries out processes and/or devices described herein),electrical circuitry forming a memory device (e.g., forms of memory(e.g., random access, flash, read only, etc.)), electrical circuitryforming a communications device (e.g., a modem, communications switch,optical-electrical equipment, etc.), and/or any non-electrical analogthereto, such as optical or other analogs. Those skilled in the art willalso appreciate that examples of electro-mechanical systems include butare not limited to a variety of consumer electronics systems, medicaldevices, as well as other systems such as motorized transport systems,factory automation systems, security systems, and/orcommunication/computing systems. Those skilled in the art will recognizethat electro-mechanical as used herein is not necessarily limited to asystem that has both electrical and mechanical actuation except ascontext may dictate otherwise.

In a general sense, those skilled in the art will recognize that thevarious aspects described herein which can be implemented, individuallyand/or collectively, by a wide range of hardware, software, firmware,and/or any combination thereof can be viewed as being composed ofvarious types of “electrical circuitry.” Consequently, as used herein“electrical circuitry” includes, but is not limited to, electricalcircuitry having at least one discrete electrical circuit, electricalcircuitry having at least one integrated circuit, electrical circuitryhaving at least one application specific integrated circuit, electricalcircuitry forming a general purpose computing device configured by acomputer program (e.g., a general purpose computer configured by acomputer program which at least partially carries out processes and/ordevices described herein, or a microprocessor configured by a computerprogram which at least partially carries out processes and/or devicesdescribed herein), electrical circuitry forming a memory device (e.g.,forms of memory (e.g., random access, flash, read only, etc.)), and/orelectrical circuitry forming a communications device (e.g., a modem,communications switch, optical-electrical equipment, etc.). Those havingskill in the art will recognize that the subject matter described hereinmay be implemented in an analog or digital fashion or some combinationthereof.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that at least a portion of thedevices and/or processes described herein can be integrated into a dataprocessing system. Those having skill in the art will recognize that adata processing system generally includes one or more of a system unithousing, a video display device, memory such as volatile or non-volatilememory, processors such as microprocessors or digital signal processors,computational entities such as operating systems, drivers, graphicaluser interfaces, and applications programs, one or more interactiondevices (e.g., a touch pad, a touch screen, an antenna, etc.), and/orcontrol systems including feedback loops and control motors (e.g.,feedback for sensing position and/or velocity; control motors for movingand/or adjusting components and/or quantities). A data processing systemmay be implemented utilizing suitable commercially available components,such as those typically found in data computing/communication and/ornetwork computing/communication systems.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that it is common within the artto implement devices and/or processes and/or systems, and thereafter useengineering and/or other practices to integrate such implemented devicesand/or processes and/or systems into more comprehensive devices and/orprocesses and/or systems. That is, at least a portion of the devicesand/or processes and/or systems described herein can be integrated intoother devices and/or processes and/or systems via a reasonable amount ofexperimentation. Those having skill in the art will recognize thatexamples of such other devices and/or processes and/or systems mightinclude—as appropriate to context and application—all or part of devicesand/or processes and/or systems of (a) an air conveyance (e.g., anairplane, rocket, helicopter, etc.), (b) a ground conveyance (e.g., acar, truck, locomotive, tank, armored personnel carrier, etc.), (c) abuilding (e.g., a home, warehouse, office, etc.), (d) an appliance(e.g., a refrigerator, a washing machine, a dryer, etc.), (e) acommunications system (e.g., a networked system, a telephone system, aVoice over IP system, etc.), (f) a business entity (e.g., an InternetService Provider (ISP) entity such as Comcast Cable, Qwest, SouthwesternBell, etc.), or (g) a wired/wireless services entity (e.g., Sprint,Cingular, Nextel, etc.), etc.

In certain cases, use of a system or method may occur in a territoryeven if components are located outside the territory. For example, in adistributed computing context, use of a distributed computing system mayoccur in a territory even though parts of the system may be locatedoutside of the territory (e.g., relay, server, processor, signal-bearingmedium, transmitting computer, receiving computer, etc. located outsidethe territory).

A sale of a system or method may likewise occur in a territory even ifcomponents of the system or method are located and/or used outside theterritory.

Further, implementation of at least part of a system for performing amethod in one territory does not preclude use of the system in anotherterritory.

All of the above U.S. patents, U.S. patent application publications,U.S. patent applications, foreign patents, foreign patent applicationsand non-patent publications referred to in this specification and/orlisted in any Application Data Sheet, are incorporated herein byreference, to the extent not inconsistent herewith.

One skilled in the art will recognize that the herein describedcomponents (e.g., operations), devices, objects, and the discussionaccompanying them are used as examples for the sake of conceptualclarity and that various configuration modifications are contemplated.Consequently, as used herein, the specific exemplars set forth and theaccompanying discussion are intended to be representative of their moregeneral classes. In general, use of any specific exemplar is intended tobe representative of its class, and the non-inclusion of specificcomponents (e.g., operations), devices, and objects should not be takenlimiting.

Although user 118 is shown/described herein as a single illustratedfigure, those skilled in the art will appreciate that user 118 may berepresentative of a human user, a robotic user (e.g., computationalentity), and/or substantially any combination thereof (e.g., a user maybe assisted by one or more robotic agents) unless context dictatesotherwise. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in general,the same may be said of “sender” and/or other entity-oriented terms assuch terms are used herein unless context dictates otherwise.

With respect to the use of substantially any plural and/or singularterms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from theplural to the singular and/or from the singular to the plural as isappropriate to the context and/or application. The varioussingular/plural permutations are not expressly set forth herein for sakeof clarity.

The herein described subject matter sometimes illustrates differentcomponents contained within, or connected with, different othercomponents. It is to be understood that such depicted architectures aremerely exemplary, and that in fact many other architectures may beimplemented which achieve the same functionality. In a conceptual sense,any arrangement of components to achieve the same functionality iseffectively “associated” such that the desired functionality isachieved. Hence, any two components herein combined to achieve aparticular functionality can be seen as “associated with” each othersuch that the desired functionality is achieved, irrespective ofarchitectures or intermedial components. Likewise, any two components soassociated can also be viewed as being “operably connected”, or“operably coupled,” to each other to achieve the desired functionality,and any two components capable of being so associated can also be viewedas being “operably couplable,” to each other to achieve the desiredfunctionality. Specific examples of operably couplable include but arenot limited to physically mateable and/or physically interactingcomponents, and/or wirelessly interactable, and/or wirelesslyinteracting components, and/or logically interacting, and/or logicallyinteractable components.

In some instances, one or more components may be referred to herein as“configured to,” “configurable to,” “operable/operative to,”“adapted/adaptable,” “able to,” “conformable/conformed to,” etc. Thoseskilled in the art will recognize that “configured to” can generallyencompass active-state components and/or inactive-state componentsand/or standby-state components, unless context requires otherwise.

While particular aspects of the present subject matter described hereinhave been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled inthe art that, based upon the teachings herein, changes and modificationsmay be made without departing from the subject matter described hereinand its broader aspects and, therefore, the appended claims are toencompass within their scope all such changes and modifications as arewithin the true spirit and scope of the subject matter described herein.It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, termsused herein, and especially in the appended claims (e.g., bodies of theappended claims) are generally intended as “open” terms (e.g., the term“including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to,” theterm “having” should be interpreted as “having at least,” the term“includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to,”etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that if aspecific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such anintent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence ofsuch recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid tounderstanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of theintroductory phrases “at least one” and “one or more” to introduce claimrecitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed toimply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinitearticles “a” or “an” Limits any particular claim containing suchintroduced claim recitation to claims containing only one suchrecitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases“one or more” or “at least one” and indefinite articles such as “a” or“an” (e.g., “a” and/or “an” should typically be interpreted to mean “atleast one” or “one or more”); the same holds true for the use ofdefinite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, evenif a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitlyrecited, those skilled in the art wilt recognize that such recitationshould typically be interpreted to mean at least the recited number(e.g., the bare recitation of “two recitations,” without othermodifiers, typically means at least two recitations, or two or morerecitations). Furthermore, in those instances where a conventionanalogous to “at least one of A, B, and C, etc.” is used, in generalsuch a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the artwould understand the convention (e.g., “a system having at least one ofA, B, and C” would include but not be limited to systems that have Aalone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and Ctogether, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). In those instances where aconvention analogous to “at least one of A, B, or C, etc.” is used, ingeneral such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill inthe art would understand the convention (e.g., “a system having at leastone of A, B, or C” would include but not be limited to systems that haveA alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and Ctogether, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). It will be furtherunderstood by those within the art that typically a disjunctive wordand/or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in thedescription, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplatethe possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, orboth terms unless context dictates otherwise. For example, the phrase “Aor B” will be typically understood to include the possibilities of “A”or “B” or “A and B.”

With respect to the appended claims, those skilled in the art willappreciate that recited operations therein may generally be performed inany order. Also, although various operational flows are presented in asequence(s), it should be understood that the various operations may beperformed in other orders than those which are illustrated, or may beperformed concurrently. Examples of such alternate orderings may includeoverlapping, interleaved, interrupted, reordered, incremental,preparatory, supplemental, simultaneous, reverse, or other variantorderings, unless context dictates otherwise. Furthermore, terms like“responsive to,” “related to,” or other past-tense adjectives aregenerally not intended to exclude such variants, unless context dictatesotherwise.

While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, otheraspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art.The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes ofillustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scopeand spirit being indicated by the following claims.

1. An apparatus comprising: one or more physical media configured tobear a device-detectable implementation of a method including at leastaccepting at least one attribute associated with an individual from alicensed health care provider; and presenting an output of an artificialsensory experience associated with a request to measure at least oneeffect of a bioactive agent on the attribute associated with individual.2. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the one or more physical mediacomprise: an antenna-containing semiconductor chip.
 3. The apparatus ofclaim 1 in which a portion of the one or more physical media comprises:one or more signal-bearing media configured to transmit one or moreinstructions for presenting an output of an artificial sensoryexperience associated with a request to measure at least one effect of abioactive agent on the attribute associated with individual.
 4. Theapparatus of claim 1 in which the one or more physical media comprise: aportable module including at least one of a visual display, a printout,or a voice notification configured to be operable while the portablemodule is held or worn.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1 in which a portionof the one or more physical media comprises: one or more of an imageprojection module or a touch screen.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1 inwhich the one or more physical media include at least one of a repeater,a communication satellite, or another active module configured to acceptfirst and second portions of the device-detectable implementationsequentially.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1 in which a portion of the oneor more physical media comprises: one or more processors configured toperform one or more of optical image scanning or auditory patternscanning upon the device-detectable implementation.
 8. The apparatus ofclaim 1 in which a portion of the one or more physical media comprises:one or more processors configured to perform linguistic pattern scanningupon the device-detectable implementation.
 9. The apparatus of claim 1in which a portion of the one or more physical media comprises:circuitry for using an encoding constraint in at least some of thedevice-detectable implementation.
 10. The apparatus of claim 1 in whichat least one of the one or more physical media comprises: one or moresignal-bearing media configured to bear at least one of aspecial-purpose instruction sequence, a special-purpose-circuit design,or an information-bearing static attribute as a portion of thedevice-detectable implementation.
 11. The apparatus of claim 1 in whichat least one of the one or more physical media comprises: one or moresignal-bearing media bearing an implementation access service operatedto access a remote server running another implementation as a portion ofthe device-detectable implementation.
 12. The apparatus of claim 1 inwhich a first portion of the one or more physical media transmits aportion of the device-detectable implementation before a remainder ofthe one or more physical media transmits a remainder of thedevice-detectable implementation.
 13. The apparatus of claim 1 in whichthe one or more physical media include at least one of an integratedcircuit, a data-holding element, a lens or other light-transmissivemedium, a signal-bearing conduit currently bearing at least a portion ofthe device-detectable implementation, or a bus or other configuration oftwo or more transmission media in mutual isolation.
 14. The apparatus ofclaim 1 in which a portion of the one or more physical media comprises:a power line operated to transmit content of the device-detectableimplementation between at least two terminals.
 15. The apparatus ofclaim 1 in which a first medium of the one or more physical media bearsa first portion of the device-detectable implementation while a secondmedium of the one or more physical media bears a second portion of thedevice-detectable implementation.
 16. The apparatus of claim 1 in whichthe one or more physical media are configured at least (a) by causing acommunication channel in the one or more physical media to bear a firstportion of the device-detectable implementation; and (b) by causinganother channel of the one or more physical media to bear a secondportion of the device-detectable implementation.
 17. The apparatus ofclaim 1 in which the one or more physical media have borne thedevice-detectable implementation.
 18. The apparatus of claim 1 in whicha portion of the one or more physical media comprises: one or morestatic markings indicative of the device-detectable implementation. 19.The apparatus of claim 1 in which a portion of the one or more physicalmedia comprises: at least one of magnetoresistive random access memory,flash random access memory, or dynamic random access memory configuredto receive the device-detectable implementation.
 20. The apparatus ofclaim 1 further comprising at least one of a satellite dish or othersignal-reflective element, a transducer, an antenna, or a receiveroperated to receive the device-detectable implementation.
 21. Anapparatus comprising: one or more physical media bearing adevice-detectable output indicating an occurrence of accepting at leastone attribute associated with an individual from a licensed health careprovider; and presenting an output of an artificial sensory experienceassociated with a request to measure at least one effect of a bioactiveagent on the attribute associated with individual.
 22. The apparatus ofclaim 21 in which the one or more physical media comprise: anantenna-containing semiconductor chip.
 23. The apparatus of claim 21 inwhich at least one of the one or more physical media comprises: one ormore signal-bearing media transmitting a portion of thedevice-detectable output at least partly responsive to accepting atleast one attribute associated with an individual from a licensed healthcare provider.
 24. The apparatus of claim 21 in which the one or morephysical media comprise: a portable module including at least anauditory interface configured to be operated while the portable moduleis held or worn.
 25. The apparatus of claim 21 in which a portion of theone or more physical media comprises: one or more of an image projectionmodule or a touch screen.
 26. The apparatus of claim 21 in which the oneor more physical media include at least one of a repeater, acommunication satellite, or another active module configured to acceptfirst and second portions of the device-detectable output at first andsecond respective times.
 27. The apparatus of claim 21 in which aportion of the one or more physical media comprises: one or moreprocessors configured to perform one or more of optical image scanningor auditory pattern scanning upon the device-detectable output.
 28. Theapparatus of claim 21 in which a portion of the one or more physicalmedia comprises: one or more processors configured to perform linguisticpattern scanning upon the device-detectable output.
 29. The apparatus ofclaim 21 in which a portion of the one or more physical media comprises:circuitry for using an encryption constraint in at least some of thedevice-detectable output.
 30. The apparatus of claim 21 in which atleast one of the one or more physical media comprises: one or moresignal-bearing media bearing at least one of a special-purposeinstruction sequence or an information-bearing static attribute as aportion of the device-detectable output.
 31. The apparatus of claim 21in which at least one of the one or more physical media comprises: oneor more signal-bearing media bearing at least one signal from animplementation having at least circuitry for accepting at least oneattribute associated with an individual from a licensed health careprovider; and circuitry for presenting an output of an artificialsensory experience associated with a request to measure at least oneeffect of a bioactive agent on the attribute associated with individual.32. The apparatus of claim 21 in which a first portion of the one ormore physical media transmits a portion of the device-detectable outputbefore a remainder of the one or more physical media transmits aremainder of the device-detectable output.
 33. The apparatus of claim 21in which the one or more physical media include at least one of anintegrated circuit, a data-holding element, a lens or otherlight-transmissive medium, a signal-bearing conduit currently bearing atleast a portion of the device-detectable output, or a bus or otherconfiguration of two or more transmission media in mutual isolation. 34.The apparatus of claim 21 in which a portion of the one or more physicalmedia comprises: a power line operated for transmitting content of thedevice-detectable output between at least two terminals.
 35. Theapparatus of claim 21 in which a first medium of the one or morephysical media bears a first portion of the device-detectable outputwhile a second medium of the one or more physical media bears a secondportion of the device-detectable output.
 36. The apparatus of claim 21in which the one or more physical media are configured at least (a) bycausing a communication channel in the one or more physical media tobear a first portion of the device-detectable output; and (b) by causinganother channel of the one or more physical media to bear a secondportion of the device-detectable output.
 37. The apparatus of claim 21in which the one or more physical media have borne the device-detectableoutput.
 38. The apparatus of claim 21 in which a portion of the one ormore physical media comprises: one or more static markings indicative ofthe device-detectable output.
 39. The apparatus of claim 21 in which aportion of the one or more physical media comprises: a magnetoresistiverandom access memory configured to receive the device-detectable output.40. The apparatus of claim 21 further comprising at least one of asatellite dish or other signal-reflective element, a transducer, anantenna, or a receiver operated to receive the device-detectable output.